BBA 401 Project Management Notes cover all 4 units of the GGSIPU BBA (Hons.) Semester 7 paper in 68 pages, with 10 solved numericals (CPM, PERT, EBIT-EPS, EVM, NPV and more), 4 case studies and 64 exam questions with answer points. They follow the revised BBA scheme with effect from academic session 2024-25 and come as a printed book.
Written and reviewed by Sheetal Kirola, BBA and B.Ed (University of Delhi, School of Open Learning), 6 years of experience in BBA · Checked against BBAwef2024_25_200125.pdf (BBA scheme and syllabus, revised w.e.f. 2024-25) · Updated 22 October 2026 · Editorial policy
Scheme: BBA (NEP based) revised scheme and syllabus | Applies to: w.e.f. academic session 2024-25 | Verified against: BBAwef2024_25_200125.pdf, checked 22 October 2026
BBA 401 Project Management at a glance: GGSIPU BBA Sem 7 credits, units and exam pattern
| Item | Official detail |
|---|---|
| Code and title | BBA 401 Project Management |
| Course and semester | BBA (Hons.), Seventh Semester |
| Category and credits | Discipline Specific Course / Major · 4 credits · L-4, T-0 |
| Teaching hours by unit | 16 + 16 + 14 + 14 = 60 |
| Marks | 100: 40 internal + 60 end-term |
| Internal 40 split | Class test 15 + assignments, presentation, viva or group discussion 25 |
| Applies to | w.e.f. academic session 2024-25 |
| End-term question pattern | Not printed in the official PDF |
| Units | 4 |
| Paired lab | None (lecture-only paper) |
BBA 401 Project Management: official snapshot (source: BBAwef2024_25_200125.pdf)
- Item
- Code and title
- Official detail
- BBA 401 Project Management
- Item
- Course and semester
- Official detail
- BBA (Hons.), Seventh Semester
- Item
- Category and credits
- Official detail
- Discipline Specific Course / Major · 4 credits · L-4, T-0
- Item
- Teaching hours by unit
- Official detail
- 16 + 16 + 14 + 14 = 60
- Item
- Marks
- Official detail
- 100: 40 internal + 60 end-term
- Item
- Internal 40 split
- Official detail
- Class test 15 + assignments, presentation, viva or group discussion 25
- Item
- Applies to
- Official detail
- w.e.f. academic session 2024-25
- Item
- End-term question pattern
- Official detail
- Not printed in the official PDF
- Item
- Units
- Official detail
- 4
- Item
- Paired lab
- Official detail
- None (lecture-only paper)
The BBA PDF prints no pass percentage for BBA 401; end-term minimums and re-appear rules are in Ordinance 11 on ipu.ac.in.
BBA 401 sits beside BBA 403 and three electives in the GGSIPU BBA Semester 7 papers.
BBA 401 Project Management Notes unit-wise: 10 solved numericals, 4 case studies and 64 exam questions across 4 units
After 6 pages of overview and index, each unit ends with a case study and an exam corner. Other papers are listed under GGSIPU BBA notes.
The official PDF titles only Unit I, so Units II to IV use the notes' titles.
BBA 401 Unit 1: Introduction to Project Management
Defines a project (PMI, Chandra, Kerzner), separates it from operations and explains the triple constraint. Then: project tools, organisation structures, the project manager's ten roles, stakeholders, critical success factors, the five life-cycle phases, classification, and idea generation with Chandra's six screening criteria.
Pages 7-24 · 5 figures · 1 solved numerical (project rating index) · GreenBite Foods case · 10 long and 8 short questions.
Quick look: project vs operations (from page 8)
| Basis | Project | Operations |
|---|---|---|
| Nature | Temporary, one-time | Ongoing, repetitive |
| Output | Unique product or result | Standard product or service |
| Risk | High uncertainty | Low, known risks |
| Team | Temporary, cross-functional | Permanent, functional |
Quick look: project vs operations (from page 8)
- Basis
- Nature
- Project
- Temporary, one-time
- Operations
- Ongoing, repetitive
- Basis
- Output
- Project
- Unique product or result
- Operations
- Standard product or service
- Basis
- Risk
- Project
- High uncertainty
- Operations
- Low, known risks
- Basis
- Team
- Project
- Temporary, cross-functional
- Operations
- Permanent, functional
BBA 401 Unit 2: Technical Analysis, Market Analysis and Network Techniques (PERT/CPM)
The numerical core of the paper. Technical analysis covers ten factors, location versus site, technology choice, eight sources of technology and appropriate technology. Market analysis covers the seven survey steps and the market plan. Network techniques cover AOA rules, the CPM forward and backward pass, floats and PERT probability.
Pages 25-39 · 4 figures · 4 solved numericals plus 1 practice PERT problem · SunPack Industries case · 8 long and 7 short questions.
Quick look: finding the critical path (from page 33)
| Path | Duration (days) |
|---|---|
| A-C-F-H | 3 + 6 + 2 + 3 = 14 (critical) |
| A-C-G | 3 + 6 + 4 = 13 |
| A-E-H | 3 + 7 + 3 = 13 |
| B-D-F-H | 3 + 5 + 2 + 3 = 13 |
Quick look: four of the five paths in the solved CPM network (from page 33)
- Path
- A-C-F-H
- Duration (days)
- 3 + 6 + 2 + 3 = 14 (critical)
- Path
- A-C-G
- Duration (days)
- 3 + 6 + 4 = 13
- Path
- A-E-H
- Duration (days)
- 3 + 7 + 3 = 13
- Path
- B-D-F-H
- Duration (days)
- 3 + 5 + 2 + 3 = 13
BBA 401 Unit 3: Financing of Projects
Starts with capital structure and eleven factors behind the debt-equity mix, then works an EBIT-EPS comparison with its indifference point. It covers seven types of debt, thirteen working capital sources including TReDS, newer sources such as masala and green bonds, and venture capital stages and exits. Equity financing is in the excerpt below.
Pages 40-53 · 3 figures · 2 solved numericals plus 1 practice problem · AgriSense case · 8 long and 8 short questions.
Quick look: how debt changes EPS at an EBIT of Rs 20 lakh (from page 42)
| Item | Plan I (all equity) | Plan II (50% debt) | Plan III (75% debt) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Interest @ 10% | 0.00 | 5.00 | 7.50 |
| EAT after 25% tax | 15.00 | 11.25 | 9.375 |
| Equity shares (lakh) | 10 | 5 | 2.5 |
| EPS (Rs) | 1.50 | 2.25 | 3.75 |
Quick look: EBIT-EPS under three financing plans, Rs lakh (from page 42)
- Item
- Interest @ 10%
- Plan I (all equity)
- 0.00
- Plan II (50% debt)
- 5.00
- Plan III (75% debt)
- 7.50
- Item
- EAT after 25% tax
- Plan I (all equity)
- 15.00
- Plan II (50% debt)
- 11.25
- Plan III (75% debt)
- 9.375
- Item
- Equity shares (lakh)
- Plan I (all equity)
- 10
- Plan II (50% debt)
- 5
- Plan III (75% debt)
- 2.5
- Item
- EPS (Rs)
- Plan I (all equity)
- 1.50
- Plan II (50% debt)
- 2.25
- Plan III (75% debt)
- 3.75
BBA 401 Unit 4: Project Evaluation and Control
Contrasts monitoring with control, sets out the five-step control cycle and earned value management, and lists causes of overruns in Indian projects. Evaluation covers ex-ante to ex-post types and NPV, IRR and PI. It ends with post-audit, abandonment analysis, social cost-benefit analysis (UNIDO, Little-Mirrlees) and the role of IT.
Pages 54-68 · 3 figures · 3 solved numericals plus 1 practice problem · City Water Supply case · 7 long and 8 short questions.
Quick look: reading an EVM status report (from page 56)
| Measure | Working | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| CV = EV - AC | 40 - 48 = -8 | Over budget |
| SV = EV - PV | 40 - 50 = -10 | Behind schedule |
| CPI = EV / AC | 40 / 48 = 0.833 | Rs 0.83 of work per Rs 1 |
| EAC = BAC / CPI | 100 / 0.833 = 120 | Expected final cost |
Quick look: EVM at month 6 with BAC Rs 100 lakh, PV 50, EV 40, AC 48 (from page 56)
- Measure
- CV = EV - AC
- Working
- 40 - 48 = -8
- Meaning
- Over budget
- Measure
- SV = EV - PV
- Working
- 40 - 50 = -10
- Meaning
- Behind schedule
- Measure
- CPI = EV / AC
- Working
- 40 / 48 = 0.833
- Meaning
- Rs 0.83 of work per Rs 1
- Measure
- EAC = BAC / CPI
- Working
- 100 / 0.833 = 120
- Meaning
- Expected final cost
Equity and preference shares in project finance: excerpt from page 45 of the BBA 401 notes
Excerpt from page 45 (Unit 3, Part D: Equity Financing)
Equity shares
Equity shares, also called ordinary shares, represent ownership in a company. Equity shareholders are the real owners. They carry the most risk and are entitled to whatever profit and assets remain after every other claim has been met.
Features of equity shares
- Permanent capital: not repaid during the life of the company.
- Residual claim on income and assets.
- Voting rights: one share, one vote, which gives control over management.
- Variable dividend: depends on profits and is decided by the board.
- Limited liability: up to the face value of the shares held.
- Pre-emptive right: existing holders may subscribe to new issues first through a rights issue.
- Highest risk and highest expected return.
Merits and demerits for the company
On the plus side, equity is permanent capital with no repayment, carries no fixed dividend burden, raises creditworthiness and borrowing capacity, and creates no charge on assets. Against that, it is the costliest source because dividends are not tax-deductible, new issues dilute control, underwriting and brokerage make issue costs high, and raising too much equity risks over-capitalisation.
Methods of raising equity
A company can raise equity through an initial or follow-on public offer on the stock exchange, a rights issue to existing shareholders, private placement or a qualified institutional placement, preferential allotment to promoters or strategic investors, and sweat equity or ESOPs for employees.
Preference shares
Preference shares carry two preferential rights over equity: a fixed dividend paid before any equity dividend, and first return of capital on winding up. They are a hybrid security. Like debt, the return is fixed. Like equity, the dividend comes out of profits and is not tax-deductible.
Cumulative preference shares carry unpaid dividend forward to later years, while for non-cumulative shares an unpaid year's dividend lapses. Redeemable shares are repaid after a fixed period; in India all preference shares must be redeemed within 20 years, or 30 years for infrastructure projects. Convertible shares can turn into equity later, and participating shares share surplus profit with equity after the fixed dividend.
Do the BBA 401 notes cover the full GGSIPU syllabus?
Yes. Every topic listed for BBA 401 in the official 2024-25 BBA syllabus has a matching section in the notes. The table lets anyone using these BBA 401 Project Management IPU notes check it page by page.
| Official unit | Official topics | Where in the notes | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unit I | Projects and project management; tools and techniques; organisation and team structure; determinants of success | Parts A-D, pages 7-15 | Covered |
| Unit I | Project life cycle; classification; idea generation and screening | Parts E-G, pages 15-20 | Covered |
| Unit II | Technical analysis; market analysis | Parts A-B, pages 25-31 | Covered |
| Unit II | Network techniques: PERT, CPM, critical path, probability of completion | Part C, pages 31-37 | Covered |
| Unit III | Capital structure; long-term finance; debt; equity, preferential shares, retained earnings | Parts A-D, pages 40-47 | Covered |
| Unit III | Short-term working capital sources; newer sources; venture capital | Parts E-G, pages 47-51 | Covered |
| Unit IV | Monitoring and controlling; evaluation; post audit; abandonment analysis | Parts A-D, pages 54-61 | Covered |
| Unit IV | Social cost-benefit analysis; role of IT in project management | Parts E-F, pages 62-65 | Covered |
BBA 401 official syllabus vs the notes (official topics from BBAwef2024_25_200125.pdf)
- Official unit
- Unit I
- Official topics
- Projects and project management; tools and techniques; organisation and team structure; determinants of success
- Where in the notes
- Parts A-D, pages 7-15
- Status
- Covered
- Official unit
- Unit I
- Official topics
- Project life cycle; classification; idea generation and screening
- Where in the notes
- Parts E-G, pages 15-20
- Status
- Covered
- Official unit
- Unit II
- Official topics
- Technical analysis; market analysis
- Where in the notes
- Parts A-B, pages 25-31
- Status
- Covered
- Official unit
- Unit II
- Official topics
- Network techniques: PERT, CPM, critical path, probability of completion
- Where in the notes
- Part C, pages 31-37
- Status
- Covered
- Official unit
- Unit III
- Official topics
- Capital structure; long-term finance; debt; equity, preferential shares, retained earnings
- Where in the notes
- Parts A-D, pages 40-47
- Status
- Covered
- Official unit
- Unit III
- Official topics
- Short-term working capital sources; newer sources; venture capital
- Where in the notes
- Parts E-G, pages 47-51
- Status
- Covered
- Official unit
- Unit IV
- Official topics
- Monitoring and controlling; evaluation; post audit; abandonment analysis
- Where in the notes
- Parts A-D, pages 54-61
- Status
- Covered
- Official unit
- Unit IV
- Official topics
- Social cost-benefit analysis; role of IT in project management
- Where in the notes
- Parts E-F, pages 62-65
- Status
- Covered
Official source: BBA scheme and syllabus, revised w.e.f. 2024-25 (official PDF).
Earned value management and Agile are extras beyond the syllabus. Every course in GGSIPU notes is mapped to its official PDF the same way.
How to write BBA 401 answers: PERT and CPM numericals, EBIT-EPS tables and diagram-based theory answers
PERT probability. The order on pages 34-36: a table of te = (a + 4m + b) / 6 and σ² per activity, the network, every path, the critical path, project σ, then Z and a normal curve sketch. A slip the notes flag is adding standard deviations; add the variances of critical activities, then take the square root.
Worked example (from page 35)
- Critical path A-E-G: Te = 4 + 8 + 4 = 16 weeks.
- Variance = 0.444 + 2.778 + 0.444 = 3.667, so σp = 1.915.
- For 18 weeks: Z = (18 - 16) / 1.915 = 1.04.
- 0.5 + 0.3508 = 0.8508, an 85.08% chance.
EBIT-EPS and abandonment. Give each plan a column and divide earnings by the number of shares, not the equity amount; never choose on EPS alone. For abandonment, state the rule first, show the PV table, then give the decision and the gain.
Theory. For tools and techniques, use four headings (Planning, Scheduling, Monitoring, Control) plus the manual vs software table. Draw the triple constraint or life-cycle curve where they fit.
Practise these formats on GGSIPU BBA important questions.
BBA 401 exam corner: 31 two-to-three-mark and 33 long-answer questions by unit
The marks labels in the BBA 401 notes (2-3, 4, 5, 7.5, 12.5) are a guide to answer length; the official PDF prints no question pattern.
| Unit | Short (2-3 Marks) | Long with answer points | Solved numericals |
|---|---|---|---|
| I | 8 | 10 | 1 |
| II | 7 | 8 | 4 |
| III | 8 | 8 | 2 |
| IV | 8 | 7 | 3 |
BBA 401 exam corner: questions and solved numericals per unit
- Unit
- I
- Short (2-3 Marks)
- 8
- Long with answer points
- 10
- Solved numericals
- 1
- Unit
- II
- Short (2-3 Marks)
- 7
- Long with answer points
- 8
- Solved numericals
- 4
- Unit
- III
- Short (2-3 Marks)
- 8
- Long with answer points
- 8
- Solved numericals
- 2
- Unit
- IV
- Short (2-3 Marks)
- 8
- Long with answer points
- 7
- Solved numericals
- 3
- Unit I: Explain the phases of the project life cycle with a diagram. [7.5 Marks] Pointer: effort curve, five phases with outputs, risk high at the start.
- Unit II: Differentiate between PERT and CPM. [5 Marks] Pointer: probabilistic vs deterministic, three estimates vs one, event vs activity.
- Unit III: What is venture capital? Explain its features, stages and process. [12.5 Marks] Pointer: SEBI AIF definition, seed-to-buyout diagram, six steps, exits.
- Unit IV: What is social cost-benefit analysis? Why is it needed? Explain the UNIDO approach. [12.5 Marks] Pointer: shadow prices, five UNIDO stages, contrast with Little-Mirrlees.
The BBA 401 notes solve 31 short-answer and 33 long-answer questions across 4 units, plus 10 numericals with full working.
More practice sits in the BBA 401 important questions.
Who writes and checks the BBA 401 notes?
Sheetal Kirola, Unnati Educations, wrote and reviewed these notes. BBA and B.Ed, University of Delhi (School of Open Learning); 6 years of experience in BBA. Profile
This 2026-27 edition of the GGSIPU BBA Sem 7 Project Management notes copies the course objective, four COs and CO-PO mapping from the official PDF on page 2, and adds 15 figures and 4 Indian case studies. Updated 22 October 2026 under our editorial policy.
The same team prepares GGSIPU important questions for every course.
BBA 401 and the GGSIPU BBA Sem 7 papers it connects to
BBA 401 has no paired lab; every paper is listed in the GGSIPU BBA syllabus.
- BBA 403 Fundamentals of Actuarial Sciences: normal distribution feeds PERT probability (Unit 2); time value of money feeds NPV (Unit 4).
- BBA 431 Financial Services and Institutional Support for Startups (elective): extends venture capital from Unit 3.
- BBA 433 Research and Development of Business Plans (elective): market research matches Units 1 and 2.
- BBA 411 Marketing Analytics (elective): questionnaire design extends the survey steps on page 29.
BBA 401 notes FAQs
How do I get the full BBA 401 Project Management notes?
Message Unnati Educations on WhatsApp at 9899436384 using the button on this page. The full BBA 401 notes are sold only as a printed book; they are not available as a PDF. Delivery takes 5 to 7 days at most, and the exact time depends on your location. Price and order details are shared on WhatsApp chat.
Is BBA 401 Project Management a theory paper or does it have a lab?
BBA 401 is a theory paper. The official Sem 7 scheme lists it as a Discipline Specific Course / Major with L-4, T-0 and 4 credits, and the practical column is blank, so there is no paired lab. It still has calculation work: PERT and CPM in Unit 2, EBIT-EPS in Unit 3, and EVM and NPV in Unit 4.
Which BBA 401 unit has the most numericals?
Unit 2 has the most. It solves four numericals in full: a factor rating for location, apparent consumption, a CPM network with floats and a PERT probability problem, plus one practice PERT question with answer. Unit 4 has three (EVM, NPV with IRR, and abandonment), Unit 3 has two (debt-equity ratio and EBIT-EPS) and Unit 1 has one.
Do the BBA 401 notes follow the revised 2024-25 BBA syllabus?
Yes. The notes were checked against BBAwef2024_25_200125.pdf, the revised NEP-based BBA scheme and syllabus with effect from academic session 2024-25, and all four units match its topic list. That PDF gives a title only to Unit I, so Units II to IV use the notes' own titles, such as Financing of Projects for Unit III.
What is the passing mark for BBA 401 Project Management?
BBA 401 is marked out of 100: 40 internal and 60 end-term, as the BBA scheme states for all theory courses. The scheme PDF does not print a pass percentage, so we do not quote one. Minimum end-term marks and re-appear rules come from GGSIPU Ordinance 11 on ipu.ac.in, and your college can confirm how they apply to your batch.
Are the BBA 401 notes in English and do they have diagrams?
The BBA 401 notes are written in simple English. They have 15 numbered figures, including the triple constraint, the life-cycle effort curve, the power-interest grid, a CPM network with the critical path marked, the PERT normal curve, the EBIT-EPS chart, venture capital stages and the EVM S-curve, plus comparison tables in every unit of the book.
Get the full BBA 401 Project Management Notes on WhatsApp
These Project Management notes in English come as one printed book.
| Part | Pages | Solved numericals | Case study |
|---|---|---|---|
| Overview and index | 6 | - | - |
| Unit 1 | 18 | 1 | GreenBite Foods |
| Unit 2 | 15 | 4 | SunPack Industries |
| Unit 3 | 14 | 2 | AgriSense Technologies |
| Unit 4 | 15 | 3 | City Water Supply |
What is in the BBA 401 printed notes book
- Part
- Overview and index
- Pages
- 6
- Solved numericals
- -
- Case study
- -
- Part
- Unit 1
- Pages
- 18
- Solved numericals
- 1
- Case study
- GreenBite Foods
- Part
- Unit 2
- Pages
- 15
- Solved numericals
- 4
- Case study
- SunPack Industries
- Part
- Unit 3
- Pages
- 14
- Solved numericals
- 2
- Case study
- AgriSense Technologies
- Part
- Unit 4
- Pages
- 15
- Solved numericals
- 3
- Case study
- City Water Supply
Format: printed book only; the full notes are not available as a PDF. Delivery: within 5 to 7 days at most, depending on your location. Price is shared on WhatsApp.
Order the BBA 401 notes book on WhatsApp (4 units, 68 pages)
Unnati Educations is an independent education provider based in Vikaspuri, Delhi. We are not affiliated with, authorised by, or endorsed by Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University (GGSIPU). 'GGSIPU' and 'IPU' are used only to describe the syllabus our notes follow. For official information, visit ipu.ac.in.
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