BCA 221T Principles of Management & Organizational Behaviour Notes cover all 4 units of this GGSIPU BCA Semester 3 generic elective in 96 pages, with 111 two-mark answers, answer plans for 38 ten-mark questions and 32 diagrams. They follow the scheme for the batch admitted in 2024-25 onwards. The full notes come as a printed book, ordered on WhatsApp.
Scheme: BCA Scheme and Syllabus w.e.f. 2024-25 (CCFUP) | Applies to: batch admitted 2024-25 onwards | Verified against: BCA Scheme and Syllabus (1st and 2nd Year Common), ipu.ac.in, approved 01.08.2025
On this page
- BCA 221T at a glance: credits, units and exam pattern
- Unit-wise notes
- Excerpt from page 8: Fayol's 14 principles
- Do the notes cover the full syllabus?
- How to write BCA 221T answers
- BCA 221T exam corner
- Who writes and checks these notes?
- Related Semester 3 papers
- FAQs
- Order the notes book on WhatsApp
BCA 221T Principles of Management & Organizational Behaviour at a glance: GGSIPU BCA Sem 3 credits, units and exam pattern
BCA 221T is the GE-1 elective of the third semester; a student who picks it over BCA 223T takes it with nine other GGSIPU BCA Semester 3 papers (29 credits).
| Code and title | BCA 221T · Principles of Management & Organizational Behaviour |
|---|---|
| Category and credits | BCA Semester 3 · GE-1 Multidisciplinary Generic Elective · 3 credits · L-T-C 3-0-3 |
| Marks and batch | 100: 40 internal + 60 end-term · batch admitted 2024-25 onwards |
| End-term pattern | Q1 compulsory: ten 2-mark questions, at least two per unit; then one of two 10-mark questions per unit (20 + 40 = 60 marks) |
| Units and teaching hours | 4 units · 12 + 10 + 12 + 10 = 44 hours |
| Paired lab | None (theory only) |
The four course outcomes shape these GGSIPU BCA Sem 3 Principles of Management and OB notes: CO1 and CO2 cover managing work, CO3 and CO4 cover managing people. Grading follows the University's Ordinance 11.
BCA 221T Principles of Management & Organizational Behaviour Notes unit-wise: 111 two-mark answers and 32 diagrams across 4 units
BCA 221T Unit 1: Management, Principles, Manager and Decision Making
Pages 4 to 30 (27 pages, 8 sections). The vocabulary of the paper: the 5 M's, science vs art, three levels, Katz's skills, Mintzberg's 10 roles, manager vs leader vs administrator, SWOT with TOWS, and seven-step decision making with Simon's satisficing. 28 two-mark answers, 10 ten-mark answer plans, 7 diagrams.
| Level | Main work | Time horizon | Skill most needed |
|---|---|---|---|
| Top (Board, CEO, MD) | Strategic: goals and policies | 3 to 10 years | Conceptual |
| Middle (department heads) | Tactical: carrying out policies | 1 to 2 years | Human |
| Lower (supervisors, foremen) | Operational: daily work | Day, week or month | Technical |
Quick look: who does what at each level of management (from page 14)
- Level
- Top (Board, CEO, MD)
- Main work
- Strategic: goals and policies
- Time horizon
- 3 to 10 years
- Skill most needed
- Conceptual
- Level
- Middle (department heads)
- Main work
- Tactical: carrying out policies
- Time horizon
- 1 to 2 years
- Skill most needed
- Human
- Level
- Lower (supervisors, foremen)
- Main work
- Operational: daily work
- Time horizon
- Day, week or month
- Skill most needed
- Technical
BCA 221T Unit 2: Functions of Management, Planning to Controlling
Pages 31 to 52 (22 pages, 6 sections). The five functions in depth: types of plans and the 8-step planning process, delegation, seven bases of departmentation, decentralisation, staffing, directing (SMLC) and controlling, ending with planning and controlling as Siamese twins. 27 two-mark answers, 10 ten-mark answer plans, 8 diagrams.
Quick look: the controlling process on a call-centre target (from page 44)
- Set the standard: 40 calls solved per agent per day.
- Measure actual work: the agent solves 32 calls.
- Compare: a deviation of 8 calls, or 20%.
- Analyse the cause: the new software is slow.
- Correct: upgrade the software and give short training; next week the agent reaches 41 calls.
BCA 221T Unit 3: Organizational Behaviour, Culture and Motivation
Pages 53 to 74 (22 pages, 9 sections). From managing work to managing people: OB and its five contributing disciplines, twelve 21st-century challenges with Indian examples, Schein's culture iceberg, Robbins' seven culture characteristics and the four syllabus motivation theories. 28 two-mark answers, 9 ten-mark answer plans, 7 diagrams.
| ERG need | Maslow equivalent | At work |
|---|---|---|
| Existence | Physiological + Safety | Pay, benefits, safe workplace |
| Relatedness | Social + external Esteem | Good colleagues, team, supervisor |
| Growth | Internal Esteem + Self-actualisation | Challenging work, learning, promotion |
Quick look: how Alderfer's ERG needs map to Maslow's five needs (from page 67)
- ERG need
- Existence
- Maslow equivalent
- Physiological + Safety
- At work
- Pay, benefits, safe workplace
- ERG need
- Relatedness
- Maslow equivalent
- Social + external Esteem
- At work
- Good colleagues, team, supervisor
- ERG need
- Growth
- Maslow equivalent
- Internal Esteem + Self-actualisation
- At work
- Challenging work, learning, promotion
BCA 221T Unit 4: Managing People, Personality, Learning, Perception, Attitude and Leadership
Pages 75 to 96 (22 pages, 8 sections). The individual employee: Lewin's B = f(P, E), five OB models, personality (Big Five, MBTI), four learning theories, perception with six perceptual errors, the ABC model of attitude, and leadership styles up to the Managerial Grid and Likert's four systems. 28 two-mark answers, 9 ten-mark answer plans, 10 diagrams.
| Method | What happens | Workplace example |
|---|---|---|
| Positive reinforcement | Pleasant consequence given, behaviour increases | Bonus or praise for good work |
| Negative reinforcement | Unpleasant thing removed, behaviour increases | Supervisor stops criticising once the worker is punctual |
| Punishment | Unpleasant consequence given, behaviour decreases | Warning for repeated late coming |
| Extinction | Behaviour ignored, behaviour fades | Ignoring jokes cracked in meetings |
Quick look: Skinner's four ways of shaping behaviour at work (from page 82)
- Method
- Positive reinforcement
- What happens
- Pleasant consequence given, behaviour increases
- Workplace example
- Bonus or praise for good work
- Method
- Negative reinforcement
- What happens
- Unpleasant thing removed, behaviour increases
- Workplace example
- Supervisor stops criticising once the worker is punctual
- Method
- Punishment
- What happens
- Unpleasant consequence given, behaviour decreases
- Workplace example
- Warning for repeated late coming
- Method
- Extinction
- What happens
- Behaviour ignored, behaviour fades
- Workplace example
- Ignoring jokes cracked in meetings
Henri Fayol's 14 principles in management: excerpt from page 8 of the BCA 221T notes
Excerpt from page 8
Henri Fayol (1841 to 1925) was a French mining engineer who rose to Managing Director of a large coal-mining company. In his book General and Industrial Administration (1916) he gave 14 principles and five functions of management, which is why he is called the Father of Modern Management.
Principles 1 to 7
Division of work: split work into small tasks and give each to a specialist, as a software company keeps separate teams for coding, testing and design. Authority and responsibility: the right to give orders and the duty to finish the work must be balanced; authority without responsibility leads to misuse, and responsibility without authority leaves a person helpless. Discipline: obedience to rules and agreements, which needs good superiors, clear rules and fair penalties.
Unity of command: an employee takes orders from one boss only, because two bosses create confusion. Unity of direction: activities with the same objective get one head and one plan, such as all marketing work under one marketing manager. Subordination of individual interest: the organisation's interest comes before any person's. Remuneration: pay must be fair to both employee and employer.
Principles 8 to 14
Centralisation and decentralisation: balance how much decision power stays at the top, depending on the size of the organisation. Scalar chain: a formal line of authority from top to bottom; in an emergency, the gang plank lets two employees at the same level, such as E and O, talk directly while informing their superiors. Order: a place for everything and everything in its place, for materials and for people.
Equity: kindness and justice, with no discrimination by caste, religion or gender. Stability of tenure: frequent transfers and removals hurt efficiency and loyalty. Initiative: encourage employees to think of and carry out new plans. Esprit de corps: union is strength, so managers should build team spirit and harmony.
Do the BCA 221T notes cover the full GGSIPU syllabus?
Yes. Every topic in the four official units is in the notes; the check found no gaps.
| Official unit | Official topics | Where in the notes | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unit I (12 hours) | Meaning and concept; principles (Fayol, Taylor); management process (in brief); managerial levels; skills, roles and functions of a manager; manager vs leader vs administrator; SWOT; decision making: concept and process | Sections 1 to 8, pages 5 to 23 | Covered |
| Unit II (10 hours) | Planning: meaning, purpose, types, process; organizing: process, departmentation, decentralization; staffing: concept, nature, importance; directing: meaning; controlling: nature, importance, process; relationship among the functions | Sections 1 to 6, pages 32 to 45 | Covered |
| Unit III (12 hours) | OB: concept, nature, importance, opportunities; challenges in the 21st century; organizational culture: meaning, importance, characteristics; motivation: concept and theories (Maslow, Herzberg, McGregor X and Y, Alderfer ERG) | Sections 1 to 9, pages 54 to 68 | Covered |
| Unit IV (10 hours) | Managing people: meaning and need of understanding human behaviour; models of OB; personality, learning, perception, attitude, leadership (elementary); leadership styles | Sections 1 to 8, pages 76 to 91 | Covered |
BCA 221T official syllabus mapped to the notes
- Official unit
- Unit I (12 hours)
- Official topics
- Meaning and concept; principles (Fayol, Taylor); management process (in brief); managerial levels; skills, roles and functions of a manager; manager vs leader vs administrator; SWOT; decision making: concept and process
- Where in the notes
- Sections 1 to 8, pages 5 to 23
- Status
- Covered
- Official unit
- Unit II (10 hours)
- Official topics
- Planning: meaning, purpose, types, process; organizing: process, departmentation, decentralization; staffing: concept, nature, importance; directing: meaning; controlling: nature, importance, process; relationship among the functions
- Where in the notes
- Sections 1 to 6, pages 32 to 45
- Status
- Covered
- Official unit
- Unit III (12 hours)
- Official topics
- OB: concept, nature, importance, opportunities; challenges in the 21st century; organizational culture: meaning, importance, characteristics; motivation: concept and theories (Maslow, Herzberg, McGregor X and Y, Alderfer ERG)
- Where in the notes
- Sections 1 to 9, pages 54 to 68
- Status
- Covered
- Official unit
- Unit IV (10 hours)
- Official topics
- Managing people: meaning and need of understanding human behaviour; models of OB; personality, learning, perception, attitude, leadership (elementary); leadership styles
- Where in the notes
- Sections 1 to 8, pages 76 to 91
- Status
- Covered
Official source: BCA Scheme and Syllabus, 1st and 2nd Year Common, batch 2024-25 onwards (ipu.ac.in, 122 pages; holds both the BCA 221T syllabus and the Semester 3 scheme).
Every course in GGSIPU notes is mapped to its official PDF the same way.
How to write BCA 221T answers: definition-led two-mark answers and diagram-based ten-mark theory answers
Two-mark answers (Q1). Three to five lines: a definition with the thinker's name, then one key point or example.
Ten-mark answers. Two definitions, a diagram, headed points with short explanations, an example, a conclusion. For the Unit 3 motivation theories: thinker and year, assumptions, diagram, each need with a workplace example, implications, criticism. For Unit 4 concepts: definition, features, diagram, types or process, importance for managers.
Mistakes the notes flag. Writing only four or five decision-making steps and skipping step 1 (identify the problem) and step 7 (follow-up); and mixing up recruitment and selection in staffing answers.
Worked example (2 Marks, Unit 2, page 47): Distinguish between recruitment and selection.
Recruitment is searching for candidates and inviting them to apply, so it is a positive process. Selection is choosing the most suitable applicant by rejecting the others, so it is a negative process.
Practise this definition-first habit on the GGSIPU BCA important questions set.
BCA 221T exam corner: 111 two-mark answers and 38 ten-mark answer plans by unit
| Unit | 2 Marks (with answers) | 10 Marks (answer plans) |
|---|---|---|
| Unit 1 | 28 | 10 |
| Unit 2 | 27 | 10 |
| Unit 3 | 28 | 9 |
| Unit 4 | 28 | 9 |
| Total | 111 | 38 |
BCA 221T exam corner count by unit (from the notes)
- Unit
- Unit 1
- 2 Marks (with answers)
- 28
- 10 Marks (answer plans)
- 10
- Unit
- Unit 2
- 2 Marks (with answers)
- 27
- 10 Marks (answer plans)
- 10
- Unit
- Unit 3
- 2 Marks (with answers)
- 28
- 10 Marks (answer plans)
- 9
- Unit
- Unit 4
- 2 Marks (with answers)
- 28
- 10 Marks (answer plans)
- 9
- Unit
- Total
- 2 Marks (with answers)
- 111
- 10 Marks (answer plans)
- 38
The BCA 221T notes answer 111 two-mark questions and give answer plans for 38 ten-mark questions across 4 units, plus 32 diagrams. One exam-style question per unit:
- Unit 1 (2 Marks): Differentiate between programmed and non-programmed decisions. Pointer: routine, rule-based (granting leave) vs new and complex (opening a branch).
- Unit 2 (10 Marks): "Planning and controlling are Siamese twins." Discuss. Pointer: plans give the standards, control checks them and feeds new plans; quote Billy Goetz.
- Unit 3 (2 Marks): What are hygiene factors? Pointer: Herzberg's job-context factors; their absence causes dissatisfaction, their presence does not motivate.
- Unit 4 (10 Marks): Define perception. Explain the perception process and the factors influencing it. Pointer: five-step process, perceiver/target/situation factors, four to six perceptual errors.
More practice sits in the BCA 221T important questions.
Who writes and checks the BCA 221T POM and OB notes?
- Prateek Talwar, author. Founder, Unnati Educations. Associate Company Secretary (ACS), ICSI, membership no. 58704, since 15 May 2019; B.Com, University of Delhi (School of Open Learning), 2012.
- Ritik Rawat, subject reviewer for the BCA notes. B.Tech; Senior Full Stack Developer, Unnati Educations.
The same team prepares GGSIPU important questions for every course.
BCA 221T and the GGSIPU BCA Sem 3 papers it connects to
BCA 221T has no lab, so its place in the course is clearest on the GGSIPU BCA syllabus page.
In Semester 3 it sits beside BCA 201T Python Programming, BCA 203T Dynamic Web Designing, BCA 205T Computer Organization and Architecture, BCA 207T Discrete Mathematics, their labs, BCA 261 Vocational Course and BCA 291T Human Values and Ethics (NUES). BCA 223T, an open elective from another department, is the GE-1 alternative.
Units 3 and 4 sit close to BCA 291T. Unit 2's planning and budgets lead into the Semester 4 GE-2 options, BCA 222T Digital Marketing and BCA 224T Principles of Accounting.
BCA 221T POM and OB notes FAQs
Is BCA 221T compulsory for every GGSIPU BCA student?
No. BCA 221T is one of two choices in the GE-1 Multidisciplinary Generic Elective slot of Semester 3. The scheme asks students to choose any one: BCA 221T Principles of Management & Organizational Behaviour, or BCA 223T, an open elective offered by another department. Your institute decides which options it runs, so confirm with your college first.
What is the passing mark for BCA 221T?
BCA 221T is marked out of 100: 40 internal and 60 end-term. The BCA scheme of examination for 2024-25 does not print a pass percentage for this paper, so we do not state one here. End-term minimums, re-appear rules and grading follow GGSIPU Ordinance 11, which you can read on ipu.ac.in or ask your college's examination cell about.
Which BCA 221T unit is the longest in the notes?
Unit 1 is the longest at 27 pages, with 28 two-mark answers and 10 ten-mark answer plans, because it covers Fayol and Taylor, Mintzberg's roles and the seven-step decision process. Units 2, 3 and 4 run 22 pages each. Unit 4 has the most diagrams, 10 of the 32, including the Managerial Grid and the Tannenbaum and Schmidt continuum.
Do the BCA 221T notes match the 2024-25 scheme?
Yes. The 2026-27 edition of the BCA 221T notes follows the BCA Scheme and Syllabus for the batch admitted in 2024-25 onwards, whose second-year syllabus was approved on 01.08.2025. All four units and their topics match that PDF. If you joined BCA before 2024-25, your scheme may differ, so compare it with the syllabus map above.
Which motivation theories are in BCA 221T, and where are they in the notes?
The BCA 221T syllabus names four content theories, and the notes give each its own Unit 3 section: Maslow's Need Hierarchy (page 62), Herzberg's Two Factor Theory (page 63), McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y (page 65) and Alderfer's ERG Theory (page 66). Each has assumptions, a diagram, managerial implications, criticism and a comparison table.
Order the full BCA 221T Principles of Management & Organizational Behaviour Notes as a book on WhatsApp
| Part | Pages | 2 Marks | 10 Marks |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unit 1 | 4 to 30 (27) | 28 | 10 |
| Unit 2 | 31 to 52 (22) | 27 | 10 |
| Unit 3 | 53 to 74 (22) | 28 | 9 |
| Unit 4 | 75 to 96 (22) | 28 | 9 |
What is inside the BCA 221T notes book
- Part
- Unit 1
- Pages
- 4 to 30 (27)
- 2 Marks
- 28
- 10 Marks
- 10
- Part
- Unit 2
- Pages
- 31 to 52 (22)
- 2 Marks
- 27
- 10 Marks
- 10
- Part
- Unit 3
- Pages
- 53 to 74 (22)
- 2 Marks
- 28
- 10 Marks
- 9
- Part
- Unit 4
- Pages
- 75 to 96 (22)
- 2 Marks
- 28
- 10 Marks
- 9
A printed 96-page book of Principles of Management and Organizational Behaviour notes in English, with memory tricks for long lists such as Fayol's 14 principles. Order it through WhatsApp; these notes are not available as a PDF.
Unnati Educations is an independent education provider based in Vikaspuri, Delhi. We are not affiliated with, authorised by, or endorsed by Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University (GGSIPU). 'GGSIPU' and 'IPU' are used only to describe the syllabus our notes follow. For official information, visit ipu.ac.in.
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