MBA(A) 103 Accounting for Management Notes from Unnati Educations cover all 4 units of the GGSIPU MBA (Analytics) Semester 1 paper in 66 pages: 28 solved illustrations, 13 diagrams, 40 short-answer and 32 long-answer exam questions, and 4 model answers. They follow the MBA (Analytics) Scheme and Syllabus 2022-24 onwards.
Written by Prateek Talwar, Founder, Unnati Educations (ACS, B.Com) · Reviewed by Sheetal Kirola, Academic Head, M.Ed. · Checked against syllMBAAnalytics180225.pdf · Updated 14 October 2026 · Editorial policy
Scheme: MBA (Analytics) Scheme and Syllabus 2022-24 onwards | Applies to: batches from 2022-24 onwards | Verified against: syllMBAAnalytics180225.pdf (Semesters 1 and 2 approved on 22.03.2023)
MBA(A) 103 Accounting for Management at a glance: GGSIPU MBA (Analytics) Sem 1 credits, units and exam pattern
MBA(A) 103 is the only accounting paper in the first semester of GGSIPU MBA (Analytics). It sits with ten other GGSIPU MBA (Analytics) Semester 1 papers; every figure below comes from the official scheme and syllabus PDF.
| Code and title | MBA(A) 103 Accounting for Management (also printed as MBA (A) - 103L) |
|---|---|
| Course and semester | MBA (Analytics), Semester 1 |
| Category and credits | Core · 3 credits · L 3, no T/P |
| Marks | Internal assessment 25 marks (Class Test-I 15 + presentation, viva-voce or group discussion 10). End-term marks and total: not printed in the official PDF. |
| End-term pattern | Not printed in the official PDF |
| Applies to | Scheme and Syllabus 2022-24 onwards |
| Units | 4 (I 12 hours, II 10, III 10, IV 10) |
| Paired lab | None |
MBA(A) 103 Accounting for Management Notes unit-wise: 28 solved illustrations and 72 exam questions across 4 units
These GGSIPU MBA (Analytics) Sem 1 Accounting for Management notes move from recording transactions to using them for decisions. Notes for the other papers sit in GGSIPU MBA (Analytics) notes.
MBA(A) 103 Unit I: Financial Accounting
Pages 5 to 25, 11 sections. One running set of transactions for Mr. Rahul goes from journal to cash account to trial balance, then depreciation methods and final accounts with adjustments for M/s Sharma Traders. Count: 7 solved illustrations, 3 diagrams, 18 exam questions, 1 model answer.
| Year | SLM (₹) | WDV (₹) | WDV book value (₹) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2023-24 | 20,000 | 22,000 | 88,000 |
| 2024-25 | 20,000 | 17,600 | 70,400 |
| 2025-26 | 20,000 | 14,080 | 56,320 |
| Sold ₹60,000 | Profit 10,000 | Profit 3,680 | |
MBA(A) 103 Unit II: Cost Accounting
Pages 26 to 39, 12 sections. Material control runs from requisition to issue, with FIFO, LIFO and weighted average worked on one data set. Labour costing compares Halsey and Rowan, and overheads go from allocation to machine hour rate and under-absorption. Count: 7 solved illustrations, 2 diagrams, 18 exam questions, 1 model answer.
| Step | Working | Result |
|---|---|---|
| EOQ | √(2 × 4,800 × 150 ÷ 1) | 1,200 units |
| Orders | 4,800 ÷ 1,200 | 4 |
| Ordering cost | 4 × ₹150 | ₹600 |
| Carrying cost | 600 × ₹1 | ₹600 |
Quick look: EOQ for 4,800 units a year, ₹150 per order, ₹1 carrying cost (from page 33)
- Step
- EOQ
- Working
- √(2 × 4,800 × 150 ÷ 1)
- Result
- 1,200 units
- Step
- Orders
- Working
- 4,800 ÷ 1,200
- Result
- 4
- Step
- Ordering cost
- Working
- 4 × ₹150
- Result
- ₹600
- Step
- Carrying cost
- Working
- 600 × ₹1
- Result
- ₹600
MBA(A) 103 Unit III: Performance Evaluation Techniques
Pages 40 to 51, 9 sections. Budgetary control and the key factor lead to a flexible budget showing why cost per unit falls as capacity rises. Standard costing opens a full variance formula table, then the Balanced Scorecard and four responsibility centres. Count: 5 solved illustrations, 4 diagrams, 18 exam questions, 1 model answer.
| Variance | Working | ₹ |
|---|---|---|
| Price (MPV) | 2,100 × (10 − 9.50) | 1,050 F |
| Usage (MUV) | 10 × (2,000 − 2,100) | 1,000 A |
| Cost (MCV) | 20,000 − 19,950 | 50 F |
Quick look: material variances, standard 2 kg at ₹10, actual 2,100 kg at ₹9.50 for 1,000 units (from page 46)
- Variance
- Price (MPV)
- Working
- 2,100 × (10 − 9.50)
- ₹
- 1,050 F
- Variance
- Usage (MUV)
- Working
- 10 × (2,000 − 2,100)
- ₹
- 1,000 A
- Variance
- Cost (MCV)
- Working
- 20,000 − 19,950
- ₹
- 50 F
MBA(A) 103 Unit IV: Decision Making Techniques
Pages 52 to 65, 14 sections. One company, Alpha Ltd., carries the ratio, common size, Du Pont and EVA examples, so you see the same numbers four ways. Marginal costing then drives make or buy, key factor and drop-a-product decisions. Count: 9 solved illustrations, 4 diagrams, 18 exam questions, 1 model answer.
Quick look: three-step Du Pont for Alpha Ltd. (from page 55)
- Net profit margin = 97.5 ÷ 1,200 = 8.125%
- Asset turnover = 1,200 ÷ 600 = 2
- Equity multiplier = 600 ÷ 300 = 2
- ROE = 8.125% × 2 × 2 = 32.5%
Zero Based Budgeting steps and incremental budgeting compared: excerpt from page 44 of the MBA(A) 103 notes
Excerpt from page 44
What Zero Based Budgeting means
Zero Based Budgeting (ZBB) is a method in which every activity has to be justified afresh, from zero, in each budget period, as if it were being started for the first time. Last year's budget is not taken as the base. The method was developed by Peter A. Pyhrr at Texas Instruments in 1969 and was later adopted by governments, including the Government of India in the 1980s.
Page 44 places ZBB right after performance budgeting. A performance budget shifts attention from inputs to outputs; ZBB goes one step further and asks whether each activity should be funded at all. That question, answered through decision packages, is why ZBB is called decision-oriented.
Steps in ZBB
- Identify decision units: departments, programmes or cost centres.
- Prepare decision packages: purpose, costs, benefits, alternatives and the consequences of not doing the activity.
- Evaluate and rank packages: cost-benefit analysis and priority ranking.
- Allocate resources: fund packages in order of rank up to the funds available.
- Monitor and review: compare performance with each package's targets.
| Basis | Traditional budgeting | Zero Based Budgeting |
|---|---|---|
| Starting point | Last year's budget plus an increment | Zero; every rupee is justified |
| Focus | Increase over the past | Need, cost and benefit of each activity |
| Inefficiency | Past inefficiencies carried forward | Wasteful activities eliminated |
| Approach | Accounting-oriented | Decision-oriented |
| Effort | Less time and cost | Time-consuming and costly |
Traditional (incremental) budgeting vs Zero Based Budgeting (page 44)
- Basis
- Starting point
- Traditional budgeting
- Last year's budget plus an increment
- Zero Based Budgeting
- Zero; every rupee is justified
- Basis
- Focus
- Traditional budgeting
- Increase over the past
- Zero Based Budgeting
- Need, cost and benefit of each activity
- Basis
- Inefficiency
- Traditional budgeting
- Past inefficiencies carried forward
- Zero Based Budgeting
- Wasteful activities eliminated
- Basis
- Approach
- Traditional budgeting
- Accounting-oriented
- Zero Based Budgeting
- Decision-oriented
- Basis
- Effort
- Traditional budgeting
- Less time and cost
- Zero Based Budgeting
- Time-consuming and costly
Advantages and limitations
Advantages: ZBB removes obsolete and wasteful activities, allocates scarce resources better, links the budget to objectives, pushes managers to look at alternatives and makes everyone more cost-conscious.
Limitations: it involves heavy paperwork and time, intangible activities such as training, R&D and public relations are hard to rank, it needs trained managers, and it can create resistance and conflict inside the organisation.
MBA(A) 103 exam corner: 40 two-to-five-mark and 32 ten-to-fifteen-mark questions by unit
Every unit ends with a Quick Revision Summary and an Important Exam Questions page. These are exam-style practice questions; the notes print no year tags, so none are claimed.
| Unit | 2–5 Marks | 10–15 Marks | Model answers | Illustrations |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| I | 10 | 8 | 1 | 7 |
| II | 10 | 8 | 1 | 7 |
| III | 10 | 8 | 1 | 5 |
| IV | 10 | 8 | 1 | 9 |
MBA(A) 103 exam questions and worked examples per unit
- Unit
- I
- 2–5 Marks
- 10
- 10–15 Marks
- 8
- Model answers
- 1
- Illustrations
- 7
- Unit
- II
- 2–5 Marks
- 10
- 10–15 Marks
- 8
- Model answers
- 1
- Illustrations
- 7
- Unit
- III
- 2–5 Marks
- 10
- 10–15 Marks
- 8
- Model answers
- 1
- Illustrations
- 5
- Unit
- IV
- 2–5 Marks
- 10
- 10–15 Marks
- 8
- Model answers
- 1
- Illustrations
- 9
The MBA(A) 103 notes list 40 short-answer (2–5 Marks) and 32 long-answer (10–15 Marks) exam questions across 4 units, with 4 model answers and 28 solved illustrations.
- Unit I: Explain types of errors and their rectification, with a Suspense Account. Pointer: omission, commission, principle, compensating; one-sided errors go to Suspense Account.
- Unit II: Distinguish between Halsey and Rowan plans. Pointer: Halsey pays 50% of time saved; both give equal bonus at exactly 50% saved.
- Unit III: "A flexible budget is more useful than a fixed budget for cost control." Comment. Pointer: it resets costs to actual output, so variances show efficiency, not volume.
- Unit IV: "A product showing a loss should not always be discontinued." Explain. Pointer: test contribution; shared fixed costs continue after the product goes.
More practice sits in the MBA(A) 103 important questions.
Who writes and checks the MBA(A) 103 accounting notes?
- Prateek Talwar, author. Founder, Unnati Educations. Associate Company Secretary (ACS), ICSI, membership no. 58704, since 15 May 2019; B.Com, University of Delhi (School of Open Learning), 2012. Author bio
- Sheetal Kirola, reviewer. Academic Head, Unnati Educations. M.Ed., 7 years of experience. Reviewer bio
The 2026-27 edition of these MBA(A) 103 Accounting for Management IPU notes maps all four units to the 2022-24 onwards scheme and adds a running journal-to-trial-balance example and one Alpha Ltd. case across Unit IV. Last updated 14 October 2026, under our editorial policy.
The same team prepares GGSIPU important questions for every course.
Do the MBA(A) 103 notes cover the full GGSIPU syllabus?
Yes. Every topic in the four official units of MBA(A) 103 has its own section in the notes; our unit check found no gap.
| Official unit | Official topics | In the notes | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| I Financial Accounting | Concepts, principles and standards, accounting cycle, journalisation, subsidiary books, ledger, trial balance, rectification of errors, capital and revenue, depreciation, final accounts (with adjustments) | Sections 1 to 11, pp. 5 to 23 | Covered |
| II Cost Accounting | Classification of cost, cost sheet, material cost accounting, perpetual inventory, inventory valuation, EOQ, ABC analysis, stock levels, labour costing, overheads, over and under absorption | Sections 1 to 12, pp. 26 to 38 | Covered |
| III Performance Evaluation Techniques | Budgetary control, performance budgeting, fixed and flexible budgets, zero based budgeting, standard costing and variance analysis, balanced scorecard, responsibility accounting | Sections 1 to 9, pp. 40 to 50 | Covered |
| IV Decision Making Techniques | Ratio analysis, common size statements, Du Pont, marginal costing, CVP, profit planning, EVA, activity based, target, life cycle and uniform costing | Sections 1 to 14, pp. 52 to 64 | Covered |
MBA(A) 103 official units mapped to the notes
- Official unit
- I Financial Accounting
- Official topics
- Concepts, principles and standards, accounting cycle, journalisation, subsidiary books, ledger, trial balance, rectification of errors, capital and revenue, depreciation, final accounts (with adjustments)
- In the notes
- Sections 1 to 11, pp. 5 to 23
- Status
- Covered
- Official unit
- II Cost Accounting
- Official topics
- Classification of cost, cost sheet, material cost accounting, perpetual inventory, inventory valuation, EOQ, ABC analysis, stock levels, labour costing, overheads, over and under absorption
- In the notes
- Sections 1 to 12, pp. 26 to 38
- Status
- Covered
- Official unit
- III Performance Evaluation Techniques
- Official topics
- Budgetary control, performance budgeting, fixed and flexible budgets, zero based budgeting, standard costing and variance analysis, balanced scorecard, responsibility accounting
- In the notes
- Sections 1 to 9, pp. 40 to 50
- Status
- Covered
- Official unit
- IV Decision Making Techniques
- Official topics
- Ratio analysis, common size statements, Du Pont, marginal costing, CVP, profit planning, EVA, activity based, target, life cycle and uniform costing
- In the notes
- Sections 1 to 14, pp. 52 to 64
- Status
- Covered
Official source: GGSIPU MBA (Analytics) Scheme and Syllabus 2022-24 onwards (PDF). Check each unit against this table yourself.
Every course in GGSIPU notes is mapped to its official PDF this way.
How to write MBA(A) 103 answers: journal entries, cost sheets and ten-to-fifteen-mark theory answers
For journal entries, write the narration in brackets below each entry and total both columns; the totals must agree.
For final accounts, tick each trial balance item once and each adjustment twice before you start. If the balance sheet does not tally, check the adjustments first; the notes say most mistakes sit there.
For a theory answer on concepts and conventions, draw a two-column chart with one example each and end with the AS 1 fundamental assumptions. For rectification, add the line on Profit & Loss Adjustment A/c when the error is found after final accounts.
For numericals in Units II to IV, write the formula first, then substitute values. In CVP questions, find the P/V ratio before anything else, because BEP, margin of safety and target sales all flow from it.
Worked check (CVP illustration, page 57)
Price ₹50, variable cost ₹30, fixed cost ₹1,20,000, sales 10,000 units. P/V ratio = 20 ÷ 50 = 40%. BEP = 1,20,000 ÷ 40% = ₹3,00,000. Margin of safety = 5,00,000 − 3,00,000 = ₹2,00,000. Check: 2,00,000 × 40% = ₹80,000, which equals the profit.
From the cost sheet chapter: x% profit on sales equals x ÷ (100 − x) on cost, so 20% on sales is 25% on cost. Practise these formats on GGSIPU MBA (Analytics) important questions.
MBA(A) 103 and the GGSIPU MBA (Analytics) Sem 1 papers it connects to
MBA(A) 103 has no paired lab; see where it fits on the GGSIPU MBA (Analytics) syllabus page.
- Unit II cost classification → MBA(A) 105 Economics and Quantitative Analysis, Unit I (opportunity cost, incremental concept).
- Unit IV ratio and common size tables → MBA(A) 107 Information Technology for Management, Unit II (data analysis using Excel).
- Unit II EOQ and stock levels → MBA(A) 102 Corporate Finance in Semester 2, Unit IV (management of inventories).
Other Sem 1 papers: MBA(A) 101 Management Process and Organisational Behaviour, MBA(A) 105 Economics and Quantitative Analysis, MBA(A) 107 Information Technology for Management, MBA(A) 109 Communication in Organizations, MBA(A) 111 Marketing Management, MBA(A) 113 Introduction to Analytics and R, MBA(A) 115 Data Preparation and Exploration, and labs MBA(A) 151, 153 and 155.
MBA(A) 103 accounting notes FAQs
How do I get the full MBA(A) 103 notes?
Message Unnati Educations on WhatsApp at 9899436384 using the Get Full Notes button on this page. The full MBA(A) 103 notes come as a printed book only; they are not sold as a PDF. Delivery takes a maximum of 5 to 7 days, and the exact time depends on your location.
What is the passing mark for MBA(A) 103 Accounting for Management?
The official MBA (Analytics) PDF prints the internal assessment as 25 marks: Class Test-I 15 and a presentation, viva-voce or group discussion 10. It does not print the MBA(A) 103 end-term marks, the total or a pass percentage. For end-term minimums and re-appear rules, read GGSIPU Ordinance 11, which the MBA (Analytics) scheme names as its governing rule.
Is MBA(A) 103 a numerical paper or a theory paper?
MBA(A) 103 is both. Units I and II carry the heaviest numericals, such as journal entries, final accounts, cost sheets, EOQ and stock levels, while Unit III mixes variance sums with budgeting theory. The notes solve 28 illustrations and still list 32 long-answer theory questions, so prepare both answer styles rather than only practising sums.
Which unit of the MBA(A) 103 notes has the most solved illustrations?
Unit IV, Decision Making Techniques, has 9 solved illustrations: ratio analysis, common size statement, Du Pont, CVP, make or buy, key factor, EVA, ABC vs traditional costing and target costing. Units I and II have 7 each and Unit III has 5. Unit I is the longest by pages, running from page 5 to page 25.
Do the MBA(A) 103 notes follow the 2022-24 onwards MBA (Analytics) scheme?
Yes. The MBA(A) 103 notes were checked against syllMBAAnalytics180225.pdf on ipu.ac.in, the MBA (Analytics) Scheme and Syllabus 2022-24 onwards. Its Semester 1 and 2 papers were approved by the Academic Council on 22.03.2023, Agenda Item No. 55.77. The unit topics in this page's syllabus map are taken from that file, so you can match them line by line.
Does MBA(A) 103 have a lab paper?
No. MBA(A) 103 is a 3-credit core theory paper with three lecture hours a week and no practical hours. The Semester 1 labs are MBA(A) 151, 153 and 155, which go with Information Technology for Management, Introduction to Analytics and R, and Data Preparation and Exploration. Spreadsheet practice in MBA(A) 151 still helps with Unit IV ratio tables.
Get the full MBA(A) 103 Accounting for Management Notes on WhatsApp
The complete MBA(A) 103 Accounting for Management Notes run to 66 pages, 61 of them unit content. These Accounting for Management notes in English are delivered as a printed book only; they are not available as a PDF.
| Unit | Pages | Illustrations | Exam questions |
|---|---|---|---|
| I | 5 to 25 (21) | 7 | 18 |
| II | 26 to 39 (14) | 7 | 18 |
| III | 40 to 51 (12) | 5 | 18 |
| IV | 52 to 65 (14) | 9 | 18 |
Pages and solved content per unit in the full MBA(A) 103 notes
- Unit
- I
- Pages
- 5 to 25 (21)
- Illustrations
- 7
- Exam questions
- 18
- Unit
- II
- Pages
- 26 to 39 (14)
- Illustrations
- 7
- Exam questions
- 18
- Unit
- III
- Pages
- 40 to 51 (12)
- Illustrations
- 5
- Exam questions
- 18
- Unit
- IV
- Pages
- 52 to 65 (14)
- Illustrations
- 9
- Exam questions
- 18
Delivery: a maximum of 5 to 7 days after you order on WhatsApp; the rest depends on your location.
Get the full MBA(A) 103 notes on WhatsApp (4 units, 66 pages)
Unnati Educations is an independent education provider based in Vikaspuri, Delhi. We are not affiliated with, authorised by, or endorsed by Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University (GGSIPU). 'GGSIPU' and 'IPU' are used only to describe the syllabus our notes follow. For official information, visit ipu.ac.in.
Ready for the full notes?
Discuss coverage and delivery with our team.