Notes MCA 109

MCA 109 Object Oriented Programming and JAVA Notes for GGSIPU MCA Sem 1

MCA-109 Object Oriented Programming and JAVA Notes from Unnati Educations run to 101 pages across the 4 official units, with 74 Java programs shown with output, 88 exam-style questions (48 short, 40 long) and unit-wise exam tips. They follow the official MCA scheme for batches admitted from 2025-26 onwards and come as a printed book.

Written by Prateek Talwar, Founder, Unnati Educations · Reviewed by Ritik Rawat, B.Tech, Senior Full Stack Developer · Checked against MCA Scheme of Examination & Detailed Syllabus (affiliated institutes, A.S. 2025-26 onwards), 28 Jul 2025 · Updated 13 October 2026 · Editorial policy

Scheme: MCA (2 years) scheme, A.S. 2025-26 onwards | Applies to: batches admitted 2025-26 onwards | Verified against: MCA Scheme of Examination & Detailed Syllabus, BoS 28 Jul 2025

MCA-109 Object Oriented Programming and JAVA at a glance: GGSIPU MCA Sem 1 credits, units and exam pattern

MCA-109 is one of five theory papers in the first semester of the two-year MCA. It sits with four other GGSIPU MCA Semester 1 papers.

MCA-109 snapshot from the official MCA scheme (A.S. 2025-26 onwards)
Code and titleMCA-109 · Object Oriented Programming and JAVA
Course and semesterMCA (2 years), Semester 1
CreditsTheory · L 3, T/P 0 · 3 credits (no category label printed)
MarksPass mark 40 out of 100 (scheme note 9); internal and end-term split not printed in the official PDF
Applies toBatches from A.S. 2025-26 onwards, affiliated institutes
End-term patternQ1 compulsory, objective or short answers from the whole syllabus, 12 marks; then one of two questions per unit, 12 marks each (12 + 48 = 60 marks)
Units4 units: 12, 12, 10 and 10 teaching hours; 5 course outcomes, BTL2 to BTL6
Paired labMCA-167 Object Oriented Programming and JAVA Lab · P 2 · 1 credit (marks not printed)
View complete table: MCA-109 snapshot from the official MCA scheme (A.S. 2025-26 onwards)

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MCA-109 snapshot from the official MCA scheme (A.S. 2025-26 onwards)
Code and titleMCA-109 · Object Oriented Programming and JAVA
Course and semesterMCA (2 years), Semester 1
CreditsTheory · L 3, T/P 0 · 3 credits (no category label printed)
MarksPass mark 40 out of 100 (scheme note 9); internal and end-term split not printed in the official PDF
Applies toBatches from A.S. 2025-26 onwards, affiliated institutes
End-term patternQ1 compulsory, objective or short answers from the whole syllabus, 12 marks; then one of two questions per unit, 12 marks each (12 + 48 = 60 marks)
Units4 units: 12, 12, 10 and 10 teaching hours; 5 course outcomes, BTL2 to BTL6
Paired labMCA-167 Object Oriented Programming and JAVA Lab · P 2 · 1 credit (marks not printed)

MCA-109 Object Oriented Programming and JAVA Notes unit-wise: 74 programs with output across 4 units

These MCA-109 Object Oriented Programming and JAVA IPU notes follow the four official units in order, and each unit ends with its own question bank. The official PDF numbers the units only, so the names below are the notes' own titles. Notes for every other paper in the course sit under GGSIPU MCA notes. The cover, contents and four content pages are in the sample PDF above.

MCA-109 Unit 1: OOP Paradigm, Java Fundamentals & OOP in Java

The longest unit (pages 5-31) compares paradigms, then goes inside the JVM: class loaders, runtime data areas, bytecode read through javap -c, the .class layout starting 0xCAFEBABE, instrumentation agents and ASM or Javassist. It then builds OOP from classes to packages. Sections I.1 to I.5 hold 24 programs with output and 22 exam questions.

Quick look: String vs StringBuffer vs StringBuilder (from page 24)
BasisStringStringBufferStringBuilder
MutableNoYesYes
Thread-safeYes (immutable)Yes (synchronized)No
Many editsSlowMediumFastest
SinceJDK 1.0JDK 1.0JDK 1.5

Quick look: String vs StringBuffer vs StringBuilder (from page 24)

Basis
Mutable
String
No
StringBuffer
Yes
StringBuilder
Yes
Basis
Thread-safe
String
Yes (immutable)
StringBuffer
Yes (synchronized)
StringBuilder
No
Basis
Many edits
String
Slow
StringBuffer
Medium
StringBuilder
Fastest
Basis
Since
String
JDK 1.0
StringBuffer
JDK 1.0
StringBuilder
JDK 1.5

MCA-109 Unit 2: Exceptions, Multithreading, Collections & Networking

Pages 32-55 cover the Throwable hierarchy, throw versus throws and a custom InsufficientBalanceException, then thread states, Thread versus Runnable, producer-consumer and flag-based stopping. The Collection Framework and java.net TCP and UDP programs close it. Sections II.1 to II.4 hold 21 programs with output and 22 exam questions.

Quick look: the three Set classes (from page 47)
BasisHashSetLinkedHashSetTreeSet
InsideHash tableHash table + linked listRed-black tree
OrderNot guaranteedInsertionSorted
nullOneOneNone
SpeedO(1)Slightly slowerO(log n)

Quick look: the three Set classes (from page 47)

Basis
Inside
HashSet
Hash table
LinkedHashSet
Hash table + linked list
TreeSet
Red-black tree
Basis
Order
HashSet
Not guaranteed
LinkedHashSet
Insertion
TreeSet
Sorted
Basis
null
HashSet
One
LinkedHashSet
One
TreeSet
None
Basis
Speed
HashSet
O(1)
LinkedHashSet
Slightly slower
TreeSet
O(log n)

MCA-109 Unit 3: Inner Classes, Event Handling, AWT & Swing

Pages 56-80 start with the four kinds of inner class and their file names (Outer$Inner.class). The delegation model then runs through listeners, adapters, Graphics, AWT controls, layouts, menus, a double-buffered bouncing ball, Java Sound and JavaFX video, ending with Swing's JTable and JTree. Sections III.1 to III.3 hold 16 programs, 12 with an output-window screenshot, and 22 exam questions.

Quick look: adapter classes and their listeners (from page 64)
AdapterListener interface(s)
WindowAdapterWindowListener, WindowStateListener, WindowFocusListener
MouseAdapterMouseListener, MouseMotionListener, MouseWheelListener
KeyAdapterKeyListener
FocusAdapterFocusListener

Quick look: adapter classes and their listeners (from page 64)

Adapter
WindowAdapter
Listener interface(s)
WindowListener, WindowStateListener, WindowFocusListener
Adapter
MouseAdapter
Listener interface(s)
MouseListener, MouseMotionListener, MouseWheelListener
Adapter
KeyAdapter
Listener interface(s)
KeyListener
Adapter
FocusAdapter
Listener interface(s)
FocusListener

MCA-109 Unit 4: JDBC, I/O, Java 8 Concepts & RMI

Pages 81-101 explain the four JDBC driver types, then run one student table through Statement, PreparedStatement and a stored procedure via CallableStatement. I/O covers file copy and serialisation with a transient field; Java 8 covers default methods, lambdas and streams; RMI ends with a four-file calculator. Sections IV.1 to IV.4 hold 13 programs with output and 22 exam questions.

Quick look: PermGen vs Metaspace (from page 96)
BasisPermGen (to Java 7)Metaspace (Java 8+)
WhereJVM heapNative memory
SizeFixedGrows by default
Typical errorOutOfMemoryError: PermGen spaceRare
CleanupFull GCWhen its class loader is collected

Quick look: PermGen vs Metaspace (from page 96)

Basis
Where
PermGen (to Java 7)
JVM heap
Metaspace (Java 8+)
Native memory
Basis
Size
PermGen (to Java 7)
Fixed
Metaspace (Java 8+)
Grows by default
Basis
Typical error
PermGen (to Java 7)
OutOfMemoryError: PermGen space
Metaspace (Java 8+)
Rare
Basis
Cleanup
PermGen (to Java 7)
Full GC
Metaspace (Java 8+)
When its class loader is collected

MCA-109 exam corner: 48 short-answer and 40 long-answer exam questions by unit

MCA-109 exam questions and programs per unit
UnitShortLongPrograms
Unit 1121024
Unit 2121021
Unit 3121016
Unit 4121013

MCA-109 exam questions and programs per unit

Unit
Unit 1
Short
12
Long
10
Programs
24
Unit
Unit 2
Short
12
Long
10
Programs
21
Unit
Unit 3
Short
12
Long
10
Programs
16
Unit
Unit 4
Short
12
Long
10
Programs
13

The MCA-109 notes list 48 short-answer and 40 long-answer exam questions across 4 units, plus 74 programs with output. The banks are practice lists; the answers sit in the unit sections, so each question below has a page pointer.

The notes label questions 2.5 Marks and 12.5 Marks. The current paper-setter instructions give Q1 and every unit question 12 marks, so read the labels as an answer-length guide.

  1. Unit 1: Explain compile-time and run-time polymorphism with programs. How is dynamic binding achieved? Pointer: overloading vs overriding table, page 19; the Shape reference program, page 20.
  2. Unit 2: Explain inter-thread communication with the producer-consumer problem. Pointer: the Q class, page 42; output and wait vs sleep table, page 43.
  3. Unit 3: Explain the delegation event model with a program. Pointer: its three components, page 61; the ClickCounter frame, page 62.
  4. Unit 4: Explain RMI architecture, stub and skeleton, and the steps to create a remote object. Pointer: layers, pages 97-98; the Calculator files, pages 98-99.

More practice sits in the MCA-109 important questions.

Who writes and checks the MCA-109 Java notes?

  • Prateek Talwar, author: Founder, Unnati Educations; Associate Company Secretary (ACS), ICSI, membership no. 58704, since 15 May 2019; B.Com, University of Delhi (School of Open Learning), 2012. Profile
  • Ritik Rawat, subject reviewer for the Java code and theory: Senior Full Stack Developer, Unnati Educations · B.Tech

This 2026-27 edition of the GGSIPU MCA Semester 1 Object Oriented Programming and JAVA notes is mapped to the scheme approved on 28 July 2025. It flags newer Java changes: Security Manager deprecated from Java 17, rmic removed in Java 15. Last updated 13 October 2026, under our editorial policy.

The same team prepares GGSIPU important questions for every course.

How to write MCA-109 answers: program-plus-output, GUI and four-file RMI answers

Much of MCA-109 is answered with code, so the notes keep one layout: a short definition, a table or diagram, a complete program, then its output underneath. The Unit 2 strategy tip says it plainly: always write the output below each program. Without output, the examiner cannot tell whether your program runs.

  • Q1 drill: Q1 is compulsory, carries 12 marks and draws on the whole syllabus, so the 48 short questions are your Q1 drill. Answer each in four to six lines: a definition, one rule or difference, and a one-line example such as JDK = JRE + development tools (page 9). For "differentiate" questions, a table is quicker to write and to mark; the notes give ready ones for ArrayList vs LinkedList and Statement vs PreparedStatement.
  • Unit 3 GUI answers: five parts in order: the import lines, listener registration such as addActionListener(this), the handler method, window closing, and a neat sketch of the output window. Window closing matters because an AWT Frame does not close by default (page 65).
  • Unit 4: write any RMI program as four files: interface, implementation, server and client. For JDBC, number the six connection steps before the code and close resources with try-with-resources.

Worked example: a custom exception for a twelve-mark question (page 37)

Open with one line: a user-defined exception extends Exception (checked) or RuntimeException (unchecked). Then write the bank example:

class InsufficientBalanceException extends Exception {
  InsufficientBalanceException(String msg) { super(msg); }
}
// withdraw() throws it when amt > balance
// main(): withdraw(2000), then withdraw(4000), inside try-catch
View preformatted content

This view preserves the original alignment. Scroll within it if needed to read the complete content.

class InsufficientBalanceException extends Exception {
  InsufficientBalanceException(String msg) { super(msg); }
}
// withdraw() throws it when amt > balance
// main(): withdraw(2000), then withdraw(4000), inside try-catch

Output: Withdrawn 2000.0, left 3000.0 then Custom Exception: Balance only 3000.0. Finish with the throw vs throws table and two Throwable methods, getMessage() and printStackTrace().

Practise this format on GGSIPU MCA important questions.

MCA-109 and the MCA-167 Java lab, plus other GGSIPU MCA Sem 1 papers

Lab card: MCA-167 (2 practical hours, 1 credit). See the MCA-167 Java lab notes.

The official PDF gives the lab five outcomes but no practical list. They line up with the theory units: Unit 1 → lab CO1, Unit 2 → CO2, Unit 3 → CO3, and Unit 4 → CO4 (JDBC, RMI, I/O) and CO5 (Java 8).

Three Sem 1 papers feed this one:

  • MCA-107 Database Management Systems gives the SQL and PL/SQL behind the Unit 4 JDBC programs.
  • MCA-103 Computer Networks teaches the TCP and UDP layer behind the Unit 2 sockets.
  • MCA-105 Operating Systems with Linux covers threads and deadlock.

Also this semester: MCA-101 Discrete Structures, labs MCA-161, MCA-163 and MCA-165, MCA-169 Minor Project I and MCA-171 Professional Proficiency I (NUES).

Synchronisation and happens-before ordering in Java threads: excerpt from page 41 of the MCA-109 notes

Excerpt from page 41

Ways to synchronise

Java gives three ways to stop two threads from changing shared data at the same time. A synchronized method, synchronized void method() { }, locks the current object. A synchronized block, synchronized (obj) { }, locks only the critical section on the object you name. Static synchronisation, static synchronized, locks the Class object itself.

The notes prove it with a Counter whose increment() is synchronized. Two threads each call it 10,000 times, then join() makes main wait for both. The program prints Count = 20000. Remove synchronized and the result is often less than 20,000, because both threads read and write count at once: a race condition.

Remember: deadlock

Deadlock happens when two threads each hold one lock and wait for the other's lock, so both wait forever. Avoid it by taking locks in a fixed order and keeping synchronized code small.

Happens-before ordering

The Java Memory Model decides how threads see each other's changes. CPU caches and reordering by the compiler or processor mean one thread's write may not be visible to another straight away. Happens-before is the guarantee: if action A happens-before action B, the effects of A are visible to B, and A is ordered before B.

The notes list seven rules:

  1. Program order: each action in a thread happens-before every later action in that thread.
  2. Monitor lock: an unlock on a monitor happens-before every later lock on the same monitor.
  3. Volatile variable: a write to a volatile field happens-before every later read of it.
  4. Thread start: t.start() happens-before any action in the started thread.
  5. Thread join: every action in a thread happens-before another thread returns from join() on it.
  6. Interruption: t.interrupt() happens-before the thread detects the interrupt.
  7. Transitivity: if A happens-before B and B happens-before C, then A happens-before C.

The page then starts a volatile boolean running flag example, finished on page 42, where the worker thread stops only because the write is guaranteed to be seen.

Do the MCA-109 notes cover the full GGSIPU syllabus?

Yes. Every topic in the four official MCA-109 units has its own section in the notes; no gaps found.

MCA-109 official syllabus mapped to the notes
Official unitOfficial topicsWhere in the notesStatus
Unit IOOP Paradigm; Java Fundamentals, JVM, .class file, class loaders, Sandbox; OOPs concepts; Arrays and String; packages and interfacesI.1-I.5, pages 6-30Covered
Unit IIException Handling; Multithreaded Programming, Happens-before ordering; Collection Framework; Networking, TCP/IP and Data-gramII.1-II.4, pages 33-54Covered
Unit IIIAnonymous and Inner classes; Event Handling, AWT controls, Layout managers, images, animation, sound and video; Swing, JFCIII.1-III.3, pages 57-79Covered
Unit IVJDBC, Two and Three Tier Model, Prepared and Callable Statement; Input/output; Java 8 Concepts; RMIIV.1-IV.4, pages 82-99Covered

MCA-109 official syllabus mapped to the notes

Official unit
Unit I
Official topics
OOP Paradigm; Java Fundamentals, JVM, .class file, class loaders, Sandbox; OOPs concepts; Arrays and String; packages and interfaces
Where in the notes
I.1-I.5, pages 6-30
Status
Covered
Official unit
Unit II
Official topics
Exception Handling; Multithreaded Programming, Happens-before ordering; Collection Framework; Networking, TCP/IP and Data-gram
Where in the notes
II.1-II.4, pages 33-54
Status
Covered
Official unit
Unit III
Official topics
Anonymous and Inner classes; Event Handling, AWT controls, Layout managers, images, animation, sound and video; Swing, JFC
Where in the notes
III.1-III.3, pages 57-79
Status
Covered
Official unit
Unit IV
Official topics
JDBC, Two and Three Tier Model, Prepared and Callable Statement; Input/output; Java 8 Concepts; RMI
Where in the notes
IV.1-IV.4, pages 82-99
Status
Covered

Official source: MCA scheme and syllabus, A.S. 2025-26 onwards (PDF). The scheme says the programme follows Ordinance 11.

Every course in GGSIPU notes is mapped to its official PDF the same way.

MCA-109 Java notes FAQs

How do I get the full MCA-109 notes?

Message the Unnati Educations GGSIPU desk on WhatsApp at 9899436384 using the Get Full Notes button on this page. The full MCA-109 notes come only as a printed book of 101 pages; there is no PDF edition. The book is delivered within 5 to 7 days at most; the exact time depends on your location. To check the style first, open the sample PDF at the top of the page.

Is a PDF of the full MCA-109 notes available?

No. The full MCA-109 notes are sold only in printed book form, ordered on WhatsApp. The only PDF is the watermarked sample linked at the top of the page: 8 pages covering the cover, three contents pages and one content page from each unit. Everything else on this page, including the unit summaries and quick looks, is free to read.

What is the passing mark in MCA-109?

MCA-109 is marked out of 100, and its end-term paper carries 60 marks: a 12-mark compulsory Q1 plus four 12-mark unit questions. The official PDF does not print the internal share. The MCA scheme of examination states pass marks as 40%, which is 40 out of 100. For end-term minimums and re-appear rules, read GGSIPU Ordinance 11 on ipu.ac.in.

Which MCA-109 unit has the most programs?

Unit 1 has the most, with 24 of the 74 programs that show output, from a javap -c bytecode dump to matrix multiplication and a user-defined package. Unit 2 follows with 21, Unit 3 has 16 (mostly GUI) and Unit 4 has 13. The Unit 4 programs are fewer but longer, and many are close to a full twelve-mark answer.

Do the MCA-109 notes follow the 2025-26 MCA scheme?

Yes. They are mapped to the MCA scheme approved by the USIC&T Board of Studies on 28 July 2025, effective from academic year 2025-26 for affiliated institutes. Detailed topics in this scheme, such as happens-before ordering, .class file instrumentation and bytecode engineering libraries, have their own sections. If you joined before 2025-26, compare with your own scheme first.

Are the MCA-109 notes the same as the MCA-167 lab notes?

No. MCA-109 is the 3-credit theory paper with a written end-term exam, and these notes explain its concepts. MCA-167 is the separate 1-credit lab, with 2 practical hours a week, where you write and run programs. The 74 programs in the theory notes help in the lab, but lab notes are organised around practicals, aims, output and viva questions.

Get the full MCA-109 Object Oriented Programming and JAVA Notes on WhatsApp

The full MCA-109 notes are a printed book only; they are not available as a PDF. Order the book on WhatsApp.

What the MCA-109 notes book contains
PartPagesProgramsQuestions
Unit 15-31 (27)2422
Unit 232-55 (24)2122
Unit 356-80 (25)1622
Unit 481-101 (21)1322

What the MCA-109 notes book contains

Part
Unit 1
Pages
5-31 (27)
Programs
24
Questions
22
Part
Unit 2
Pages
32-55 (24)
Programs
21
Questions
22
Part
Unit 3
Pages
56-80 (25)
Programs
16
Questions
22
Part
Unit 4
Pages
81-101 (21)
Programs
13
Questions
22

Format: a printed book of Object Oriented Programming and JAVA notes in English, 101 pages, with 17 exam tips. Delivery: within 5 to 7 days at most; the exact time may vary with your location.

Order the MCA-109 notes book on WhatsApp (4 units, 101 pages)

Unnati Educations is an independent education provider based in Vikaspuri, Delhi. We are not affiliated with, authorised by, or endorsed by Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University (GGSIPU). 'GGSIPU' and 'IPU' are used only to describe the syllabus our notes follow. For official information, visit ipu.ac.in.

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