MCA-109 Object Oriented Programming and JAVA Notes from Unnati Educations run to 101 pages across the 4 official units, with 74 Java programs shown with output, 88 exam-style questions (48 short, 40 long) and unit-wise exam tips. They follow the official MCA scheme for batches admitted from 2025-26 onwards and come as a printed book.
Written by Prateek Talwar, Founder, Unnati Educations · Reviewed by Ritik Rawat, B.Tech, Senior Full Stack Developer · Checked against MCA Scheme of Examination & Detailed Syllabus (affiliated institutes, A.S. 2025-26 onwards), 28 Jul 2025 · Updated 13 October 2026 · Editorial policy
Scheme: MCA (2 years) scheme, A.S. 2025-26 onwards | Applies to: batches admitted 2025-26 onwards | Verified against: MCA Scheme of Examination & Detailed Syllabus, BoS 28 Jul 2025
MCA-109 Object Oriented Programming and JAVA at a glance: GGSIPU MCA Sem 1 credits, units and exam pattern
MCA-109 is one of five theory papers in the first semester of the two-year MCA. It sits with four other GGSIPU MCA Semester 1 papers.
| Code and title | MCA-109 · Object Oriented Programming and JAVA |
|---|---|
| Course and semester | MCA (2 years), Semester 1 |
| Credits | Theory · L 3, T/P 0 · 3 credits (no category label printed) |
| Marks | Pass mark 40 out of 100 (scheme note 9); internal and end-term split not printed in the official PDF |
| Applies to | Batches from A.S. 2025-26 onwards, affiliated institutes |
| End-term pattern | Q1 compulsory, objective or short answers from the whole syllabus, 12 marks; then one of two questions per unit, 12 marks each (12 + 48 = 60 marks) |
| Units | 4 units: 12, 12, 10 and 10 teaching hours; 5 course outcomes, BTL2 to BTL6 |
| Paired lab | MCA-167 Object Oriented Programming and JAVA Lab · P 2 · 1 credit (marks not printed) |
MCA-109 Object Oriented Programming and JAVA Notes unit-wise: 74 programs with output across 4 units
These MCA-109 Object Oriented Programming and JAVA IPU notes follow the four official units in order, and each unit ends with its own question bank. The official PDF numbers the units only, so the names below are the notes' own titles. Notes for every other paper in the course sit under GGSIPU MCA notes. The cover, contents and four content pages are in the sample PDF above.
MCA-109 Unit 1: OOP Paradigm, Java Fundamentals & OOP in Java
The longest unit (pages 5-31) compares paradigms, then goes inside the JVM: class loaders, runtime data areas, bytecode read through javap -c, the .class layout starting 0xCAFEBABE, instrumentation agents and ASM or Javassist. It then builds OOP from classes to packages. Sections I.1 to I.5 hold 24 programs with output and 22 exam questions.
| Basis | String | StringBuffer | StringBuilder |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mutable | No | Yes | Yes |
| Thread-safe | Yes (immutable) | Yes (synchronized) | No |
| Many edits | Slow | Medium | Fastest |
| Since | JDK 1.0 | JDK 1.0 | JDK 1.5 |
Quick look: String vs StringBuffer vs StringBuilder (from page 24)
- Basis
- Mutable
- String
- No
- StringBuffer
- Yes
- StringBuilder
- Yes
- Basis
- Thread-safe
- String
- Yes (immutable)
- StringBuffer
- Yes (synchronized)
- StringBuilder
- No
- Basis
- Many edits
- String
- Slow
- StringBuffer
- Medium
- StringBuilder
- Fastest
- Basis
- Since
- String
- JDK 1.0
- StringBuffer
- JDK 1.0
- StringBuilder
- JDK 1.5
MCA-109 Unit 2: Exceptions, Multithreading, Collections & Networking
Pages 32-55 cover the Throwable hierarchy, throw versus throws and a custom InsufficientBalanceException, then thread states, Thread versus Runnable, producer-consumer and flag-based stopping. The Collection Framework and java.net TCP and UDP programs close it. Sections II.1 to II.4 hold 21 programs with output and 22 exam questions.
| Basis | HashSet | LinkedHashSet | TreeSet |
|---|---|---|---|
| Inside | Hash table | Hash table + linked list | Red-black tree |
| Order | Not guaranteed | Insertion | Sorted |
| null | One | One | None |
| Speed | O(1) | Slightly slower | O(log n) |
Quick look: the three Set classes (from page 47)
- Basis
- Inside
- HashSet
- Hash table
- LinkedHashSet
- Hash table + linked list
- TreeSet
- Red-black tree
- Basis
- Order
- HashSet
- Not guaranteed
- LinkedHashSet
- Insertion
- TreeSet
- Sorted
- Basis
- null
- HashSet
- One
- LinkedHashSet
- One
- TreeSet
- None
- Basis
- Speed
- HashSet
- O(1)
- LinkedHashSet
- Slightly slower
- TreeSet
- O(log n)
MCA-109 Unit 3: Inner Classes, Event Handling, AWT & Swing
Pages 56-80 start with the four kinds of inner class and their file names (Outer$Inner.class). The delegation model then runs through listeners, adapters, Graphics, AWT controls, layouts, menus, a double-buffered bouncing ball, Java Sound and JavaFX video, ending with Swing's JTable and JTree. Sections III.1 to III.3 hold 16 programs, 12 with an output-window screenshot, and 22 exam questions.
| Adapter | Listener interface(s) |
|---|---|
WindowAdapter | WindowListener, WindowStateListener, WindowFocusListener |
MouseAdapter | MouseListener, MouseMotionListener, MouseWheelListener |
KeyAdapter | KeyListener |
FocusAdapter | FocusListener |
Quick look: adapter classes and their listeners (from page 64)
- Adapter
WindowAdapter- Listener interface(s)
- WindowListener, WindowStateListener, WindowFocusListener
- Adapter
MouseAdapter- Listener interface(s)
- MouseListener, MouseMotionListener, MouseWheelListener
- Adapter
KeyAdapter- Listener interface(s)
- KeyListener
- Adapter
FocusAdapter- Listener interface(s)
- FocusListener
MCA-109 Unit 4: JDBC, I/O, Java 8 Concepts & RMI
Pages 81-101 explain the four JDBC driver types, then run one student table through Statement, PreparedStatement and a stored procedure via CallableStatement. I/O covers file copy and serialisation with a transient field; Java 8 covers default methods, lambdas and streams; RMI ends with a four-file calculator. Sections IV.1 to IV.4 hold 13 programs with output and 22 exam questions.
| Basis | PermGen (to Java 7) | Metaspace (Java 8+) |
|---|---|---|
| Where | JVM heap | Native memory |
| Size | Fixed | Grows by default |
| Typical error | OutOfMemoryError: PermGen space | Rare |
| Cleanup | Full GC | When its class loader is collected |
Quick look: PermGen vs Metaspace (from page 96)
- Basis
- Where
- PermGen (to Java 7)
- JVM heap
- Metaspace (Java 8+)
- Native memory
- Basis
- Size
- PermGen (to Java 7)
- Fixed
- Metaspace (Java 8+)
- Grows by default
- Basis
- Typical error
- PermGen (to Java 7)
- OutOfMemoryError: PermGen space
- Metaspace (Java 8+)
- Rare
- Basis
- Cleanup
- PermGen (to Java 7)
- Full GC
- Metaspace (Java 8+)
- When its class loader is collected
MCA-109 exam corner: 48 short-answer and 40 long-answer exam questions by unit
| Unit | Short | Long | Programs |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unit 1 | 12 | 10 | 24 |
| Unit 2 | 12 | 10 | 21 |
| Unit 3 | 12 | 10 | 16 |
| Unit 4 | 12 | 10 | 13 |
MCA-109 exam questions and programs per unit
- Unit
- Unit 1
- Short
- 12
- Long
- 10
- Programs
- 24
- Unit
- Unit 2
- Short
- 12
- Long
- 10
- Programs
- 21
- Unit
- Unit 3
- Short
- 12
- Long
- 10
- Programs
- 16
- Unit
- Unit 4
- Short
- 12
- Long
- 10
- Programs
- 13
The MCA-109 notes list 48 short-answer and 40 long-answer exam questions across 4 units, plus 74 programs with output. The banks are practice lists; the answers sit in the unit sections, so each question below has a page pointer.
The notes label questions 2.5 Marks and 12.5 Marks. The current paper-setter instructions give Q1 and every unit question 12 marks, so read the labels as an answer-length guide.
- Unit 1: Explain compile-time and run-time polymorphism with programs. How is dynamic binding achieved? Pointer: overloading vs overriding table, page 19; the
Shapereference program, page 20. - Unit 2: Explain inter-thread communication with the producer-consumer problem. Pointer: the
Qclass, page 42; output and wait vs sleep table, page 43. - Unit 3: Explain the delegation event model with a program. Pointer: its three components, page 61; the
ClickCounterframe, page 62. - Unit 4: Explain RMI architecture, stub and skeleton, and the steps to create a remote object. Pointer: layers, pages 97-98; the
Calculatorfiles, pages 98-99.
More practice sits in the MCA-109 important questions.
Who writes and checks the MCA-109 Java notes?
- Prateek Talwar, author: Founder, Unnati Educations; Associate Company Secretary (ACS), ICSI, membership no. 58704, since 15 May 2019; B.Com, University of Delhi (School of Open Learning), 2012. Profile
- Ritik Rawat, subject reviewer for the Java code and theory: Senior Full Stack Developer, Unnati Educations · B.Tech
This 2026-27 edition of the GGSIPU MCA Semester 1 Object Oriented Programming and JAVA notes is mapped to the scheme approved on 28 July 2025. It flags newer Java changes: Security Manager deprecated from Java 17, rmic removed in Java 15. Last updated 13 October 2026, under our editorial policy.
The same team prepares GGSIPU important questions for every course.
How to write MCA-109 answers: program-plus-output, GUI and four-file RMI answers
Much of MCA-109 is answered with code, so the notes keep one layout: a short definition, a table or diagram, a complete program, then its output underneath. The Unit 2 strategy tip says it plainly: always write the output below each program. Without output, the examiner cannot tell whether your program runs.
- Q1 drill: Q1 is compulsory, carries 12 marks and draws on the whole syllabus, so the 48 short questions are your Q1 drill. Answer each in four to six lines: a definition, one rule or difference, and a one-line example such as JDK = JRE + development tools (page 9). For "differentiate" questions, a table is quicker to write and to mark; the notes give ready ones for ArrayList vs LinkedList and Statement vs PreparedStatement.
- Unit 3 GUI answers: five parts in order: the
importlines, listener registration such asaddActionListener(this), the handler method, window closing, and a neat sketch of the output window. Window closing matters because an AWTFramedoes not close by default (page 65). - Unit 4: write any RMI program as four files: interface, implementation, server and client. For JDBC, number the six connection steps before the code and close resources with try-with-resources.
Worked example: a custom exception for a twelve-mark question (page 37)
Open with one line: a user-defined exception extends Exception (checked) or RuntimeException (unchecked). Then write the bank example:
class InsufficientBalanceException extends Exception {
InsufficientBalanceException(String msg) { super(msg); }
}
// withdraw() throws it when amt > balance
// main(): withdraw(2000), then withdraw(4000), inside try-catchOutput: Withdrawn 2000.0, left 3000.0 then Custom Exception: Balance only 3000.0. Finish with the throw vs throws table and two Throwable methods, getMessage() and printStackTrace().
Practise this format on GGSIPU MCA important questions.
MCA-109 and the MCA-167 Java lab, plus other GGSIPU MCA Sem 1 papers
Lab card: MCA-167 (2 practical hours, 1 credit). See the MCA-167 Java lab notes.
The official PDF gives the lab five outcomes but no practical list. They line up with the theory units: Unit 1 → lab CO1, Unit 2 → CO2, Unit 3 → CO3, and Unit 4 → CO4 (JDBC, RMI, I/O) and CO5 (Java 8).
Three Sem 1 papers feed this one:
- MCA-107 Database Management Systems gives the SQL and PL/SQL behind the Unit 4 JDBC programs.
- MCA-103 Computer Networks teaches the TCP and UDP layer behind the Unit 2 sockets.
- MCA-105 Operating Systems with Linux covers threads and deadlock.
Also this semester: MCA-101 Discrete Structures, labs MCA-161, MCA-163 and MCA-165, MCA-169 Minor Project I and MCA-171 Professional Proficiency I (NUES).
Synchronisation and happens-before ordering in Java threads: excerpt from page 41 of the MCA-109 notes
Excerpt from page 41
Ways to synchronise
Java gives three ways to stop two threads from changing shared data at the same time. A synchronized method, synchronized void method() { }, locks the current object. A synchronized block, synchronized (obj) { }, locks only the critical section on the object you name. Static synchronisation, static synchronized, locks the Class object itself.
The notes prove it with a Counter whose increment() is synchronized. Two threads each call it 10,000 times, then join() makes main wait for both. The program prints Count = 20000. Remove synchronized and the result is often less than 20,000, because both threads read and write count at once: a race condition.
Remember: deadlock
Deadlock happens when two threads each hold one lock and wait for the other's lock, so both wait forever. Avoid it by taking locks in a fixed order and keeping synchronized code small.
Happens-before ordering
The Java Memory Model decides how threads see each other's changes. CPU caches and reordering by the compiler or processor mean one thread's write may not be visible to another straight away. Happens-before is the guarantee: if action A happens-before action B, the effects of A are visible to B, and A is ordered before B.
The notes list seven rules:
- Program order: each action in a thread happens-before every later action in that thread.
- Monitor lock: an unlock on a monitor happens-before every later lock on the same monitor.
- Volatile variable: a write to a
volatilefield happens-before every later read of it. - Thread start:
t.start()happens-before any action in the started thread. - Thread join: every action in a thread happens-before another thread returns from
join()on it. - Interruption:
t.interrupt()happens-before the thread detects the interrupt. - Transitivity: if A happens-before B and B happens-before C, then A happens-before C.
The page then starts a volatile boolean running flag example, finished on page 42, where the worker thread stops only because the write is guaranteed to be seen.
Do the MCA-109 notes cover the full GGSIPU syllabus?
Yes. Every topic in the four official MCA-109 units has its own section in the notes; no gaps found.
| Official unit | Official topics | Where in the notes | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unit I | OOP Paradigm; Java Fundamentals, JVM, .class file, class loaders, Sandbox; OOPs concepts; Arrays and String; packages and interfaces | I.1-I.5, pages 6-30 | Covered |
| Unit II | Exception Handling; Multithreaded Programming, Happens-before ordering; Collection Framework; Networking, TCP/IP and Data-gram | II.1-II.4, pages 33-54 | Covered |
| Unit III | Anonymous and Inner classes; Event Handling, AWT controls, Layout managers, images, animation, sound and video; Swing, JFC | III.1-III.3, pages 57-79 | Covered |
| Unit IV | JDBC, Two and Three Tier Model, Prepared and Callable Statement; Input/output; Java 8 Concepts; RMI | IV.1-IV.4, pages 82-99 | Covered |
MCA-109 official syllabus mapped to the notes
- Official unit
- Unit I
- Official topics
- OOP Paradigm; Java Fundamentals, JVM, .class file, class loaders, Sandbox; OOPs concepts; Arrays and String; packages and interfaces
- Where in the notes
- I.1-I.5, pages 6-30
- Status
- Covered
- Official unit
- Unit II
- Official topics
- Exception Handling; Multithreaded Programming, Happens-before ordering; Collection Framework; Networking, TCP/IP and Data-gram
- Where in the notes
- II.1-II.4, pages 33-54
- Status
- Covered
- Official unit
- Unit III
- Official topics
- Anonymous and Inner classes; Event Handling, AWT controls, Layout managers, images, animation, sound and video; Swing, JFC
- Where in the notes
- III.1-III.3, pages 57-79
- Status
- Covered
- Official unit
- Unit IV
- Official topics
- JDBC, Two and Three Tier Model, Prepared and Callable Statement; Input/output; Java 8 Concepts; RMI
- Where in the notes
- IV.1-IV.4, pages 82-99
- Status
- Covered
Official source: MCA scheme and syllabus, A.S. 2025-26 onwards (PDF). The scheme says the programme follows Ordinance 11.
Every course in GGSIPU notes is mapped to its official PDF the same way.
MCA-109 Java notes FAQs
How do I get the full MCA-109 notes?
Message the Unnati Educations GGSIPU desk on WhatsApp at 9899436384 using the Get Full Notes button on this page. The full MCA-109 notes come only as a printed book of 101 pages; there is no PDF edition. The book is delivered within 5 to 7 days at most; the exact time depends on your location. To check the style first, open the sample PDF at the top of the page.
Is a PDF of the full MCA-109 notes available?
No. The full MCA-109 notes are sold only in printed book form, ordered on WhatsApp. The only PDF is the watermarked sample linked at the top of the page: 8 pages covering the cover, three contents pages and one content page from each unit. Everything else on this page, including the unit summaries and quick looks, is free to read.
What is the passing mark in MCA-109?
MCA-109 is marked out of 100, and its end-term paper carries 60 marks: a 12-mark compulsory Q1 plus four 12-mark unit questions. The official PDF does not print the internal share. The MCA scheme of examination states pass marks as 40%, which is 40 out of 100. For end-term minimums and re-appear rules, read GGSIPU Ordinance 11 on ipu.ac.in.
Which MCA-109 unit has the most programs?
Unit 1 has the most, with 24 of the 74 programs that show output, from a javap -c bytecode dump to matrix multiplication and a user-defined package. Unit 2 follows with 21, Unit 3 has 16 (mostly GUI) and Unit 4 has 13. The Unit 4 programs are fewer but longer, and many are close to a full twelve-mark answer.
Do the MCA-109 notes follow the 2025-26 MCA scheme?
Yes. They are mapped to the MCA scheme approved by the USIC&T Board of Studies on 28 July 2025, effective from academic year 2025-26 for affiliated institutes. Detailed topics in this scheme, such as happens-before ordering, .class file instrumentation and bytecode engineering libraries, have their own sections. If you joined before 2025-26, compare with your own scheme first.
Are the MCA-109 notes the same as the MCA-167 lab notes?
No. MCA-109 is the 3-credit theory paper with a written end-term exam, and these notes explain its concepts. MCA-167 is the separate 1-credit lab, with 2 practical hours a week, where you write and run programs. The 74 programs in the theory notes help in the lab, but lab notes are organised around practicals, aims, output and viva questions.
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Format: a printed book of Object Oriented Programming and JAVA notes in English, 101 pages, with 17 exam tips. Delivery: within 5 to 7 days at most; the exact time may vary with your location.
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Unnati Educations is an independent education provider based in Vikaspuri, Delhi. We are not affiliated with, authorised by, or endorsed by Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University (GGSIPU). 'GGSIPU' and 'IPU' are used only to describe the syllabus our notes follow. For official information, visit ipu.ac.in.
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