MCA-132 Management Principles and Organizational Behaviour Notes from Unnati Educations run to 95 pages across 4 units, with 87 solved exam questions (52 short-answer, 35 long-answer), 4 case studies with suggested answers and 28 diagrams. They follow the MCA scheme for the batch admitted in 2025-26 onwards.
Written by Prateek Talwar, Founder, Unnati Educations · Reviewed by Sheetal Kirola, Academic Head, BBA, B.Ed, M.Ed · Checked against the official GGSIPU MCA syllabus PDF (A.S. 2025-26), 13 October 2026 · Updated 14 October 2026 · Editorial policy
Scheme: MCA (2 years), USIC&T, affiliated institutes, 2025-26 | Applies to: batch admitted 2025-26 onwards | Verified against: MCA Scheme of Examination & Detailed Syllabus, BoS 28 Jul 2025
MCA-132 Management Principles and Organizational Behaviour at a glance: GGSIPU MCA Sem 2 credits, units and exam pattern
MCA-132 is an Open Elective-I paper. It sits beside the core and lab papers listed under GGSIPU MCA Semester 2 papers.
| Course and semester | MCA (2 years), Semester 2 |
|---|---|
| Category and credits | Open Elective-I (choose any one) · L 3, T 1 · 4 credits |
| Total marks | 100 |
| Passing marks | 40 out of 100 (Important Note 9 of the MCA scheme) |
| End-term and internal | End-term paper 60 marks; internal assessment 40 (100 minus 60, as the PDF does not itemise it) |
| End-term pattern | Q1 compulsory, short-answer, whole syllabus, 12 marks; then one of two questions per unit, 12 marks each (12 + 48 = 60 marks) |
| Units and teaching hours | 4 units: 10, 10, 13 and 12 hours |
| Paired lab | None (lab MCA-168 belongs to Core Elective-I) |
Verify these facts in the official MCA syllabus PDF on ipu.ac.in: Important Note 9 for passing marks, the MCA-132 paper-setter instructions for the 60-mark pattern.
Exam and re-appear rules follow GGSIPU Ordinance 11.
MCA-132 Management Principles and Organizational Behaviour Notes unit-wise: 87 solved exam questions and 4 case studies across 4 units
These MCA-132 Management Principles and OB IPU notes move from classical management (Fayol, Koontz, Drucker) in Units 1 and 2 to people and behaviour (Robbins, Herzberg, Lewin) in Units 3 and 4.
Notes for every other paper of the course sit under GGSIPU MCA notes.
MCA-132 Unit 1: Management, Planning, Decision Making and Organizing
Unit 1 (pages 4 to 26) opens with the science, art or profession debate, then coordination, Mintzberg's ten roles and Katz's three skills, planning with MBO and forecasting, decision making with Simon's bounded rationality, and organizing up to line-and-staff structures. It has 12 short-answer and 9 long-answer solved questions and 6 diagrams.
| Subordinates (n) | 3 | 5 | 8 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Relationships, R = n[2n-1 + (n - 1)] | 18 | 100 | 1,080 |
| What it shows | Add subordinates one at a time and relationships multiply, so a narrow span builds a tall structure. | ||
MCA-132 Unit 2: Delegation, Staffing, Directing, Controlling and Leadership
Unit 2 (pages 27 to 46) covers authority, French and Raven's bases of power, politics, delegation versus decentralization, staffing, directing and the five-step control process. The leadership half runs from styles and trait theory to transactional, transformational and charismatic leadership. It has 12 short-answer and 8 long-answer solved questions and 5 diagrams.
Quick look: House's Path-Goal theory in four steps (from page 40)
- Follower: locus of control, experience, ability.
- Task: structure, authority system, work group.
- Behaviour: directive, supportive, participative or achievement-oriented.
- Outcome: a clearer path lifts performance and satisfaction.
MCA-132 Unit 3: Organizational Behaviour, Motivation, Groups and Communication
Unit 3 (pages 47 to 73), with 13 teaching hours, traces OB from Taylor to Hawthorne, then covers MBTI and the Big Five, learning and reinforcement schedules, perception errors such as the halo effect, values, attitudes and the Johari Window.
Motivation (Maslow to Ouchi), Tuckman's group stages, teams and communication follow. It has 14 short-answer and 10 long-answer solved questions and 9 diagrams.
| Hygiene factors (extrinsic) | Motivators (intrinsic) |
|---|---|
| Company policy, supervision, salary | Achievement, recognition, the work itself |
| Working conditions, job security, status | Responsibility, advancement, growth |
| Absent: dissatisfaction. Present: only "no dissatisfaction" | Present: satisfaction and motivation |
Quick look: Herzberg's two factors side by side (from page 61)
- Hygiene factors (extrinsic)
- Company policy, supervision, salary
- Motivators (intrinsic)
- Achievement, recognition, the work itself
- Hygiene factors (extrinsic)
- Working conditions, job security, status
- Motivators (intrinsic)
- Responsibility, advancement, growth
- Hygiene factors (extrinsic)
- Absent: dissatisfaction. Present: only "no dissatisfaction"
- Motivators (intrinsic)
- Present: satisfaction and motivation
MCA-132 Unit 4: Climate, Culture, Conflict, Change and Stress
Unit 4 (pages 74 to 95) separates organisational climate from culture and explains Schein's three levels. Conflict, hidden conflicts and negotiation (distributive and integrative bargaining, BATNA) follow.
Change, resistance and work stress (Selye's GAS model) close the unit, with 4 solved case studies. It has 14 short-answer and 8 long-answer solved questions and 8 diagrams.
| Mode | Outcome | Use when |
|---|---|---|
| Competing | Win-lose | Emergencies, unpopular but vital decisions |
| Collaborating | Win-win | Both concerns too important to compromise |
| Compromising | Give and take | Equal power, time pressure |
| Avoiding / Accommodating | Lose-lose / Lose-win | Trivial issue, or it matters more to the other side |
Quick look: Thomas-Kilmann conflict modes and when to use them (from page 82)
- Mode
- Competing
- Outcome
- Win-lose
- Use when
- Emergencies, unpopular but vital decisions
- Mode
- Collaborating
- Outcome
- Win-win
- Use when
- Both concerns too important to compromise
- Mode
- Compromising
- Outcome
- Give and take
- Use when
- Equal power, time pressure
- Mode
- Avoiding / Accommodating
- Outcome
- Lose-lose / Lose-win
- Use when
- Trivial issue, or it matters more to the other side
MCA-132 exam corner: 52 short-answer and 35 long-answer solved questions by unit
The notes label answers "2.5 Marks" and "12.5 Marks"; the official paper sets 12 marks per question, so read the labels as length guides.
| Unit | Short (2.5 Marks) | Long (12.5 Marks) | Diagrams |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unit 1 | 12 | 9 | 6 |
| Unit 2 | 12 | 8 | 5 |
| Unit 3 | 14 | 10 | 9 |
| Unit 4 | 14 | 8 | 8 + 4 case studies |
| Total | 52 | 35 | 28 |
MCA-132 solved questions per unit in the notes
- Unit
- Unit 1
- Short (2.5 Marks)
- 12
- Long (12.5 Marks)
- 9
- Diagrams
- 6
- Unit
- Unit 2
- Short (2.5 Marks)
- 12
- Long (12.5 Marks)
- 8
- Diagrams
- 5
- Unit
- Unit 3
- Short (2.5 Marks)
- 14
- Long (12.5 Marks)
- 10
- Diagrams
- 9
- Unit
- Unit 4
- Short (2.5 Marks)
- 14
- Long (12.5 Marks)
- 8
- Diagrams
- 8 + 4 case studies
- Unit
- Total
- Short (2.5 Marks)
- 52
- Long (12.5 Marks)
- 35
- Diagrams
- 28
The MCA-132 notes solve 52 short-answer and 35 long-answer questions across 4 units, plus 4 case studies with suggested answers.
Four from the book, one per unit:
- Unit 1: What is bounded rationality? Pointer: Simon; limited information, time and capacity, so managers "satisfice".
- Unit 2: Why are planning and controlling called Siamese twins? Pointer: planning sets standards; controlling checks results and feeds the next plan.
- Unit 3: Distinguish between terminal and instrumental values. Pointer: Rokeach's desired end-states (freedom) versus preferred ways of behaving (honest, ambitious).
- Unit 4: Why do people resist change, and how is it overcome? Pointer: sources in a table, then tactics, ending on participation and communication.
More practice: MCA-132 important questions.
Transactional Analysis and ego states in OB: excerpt from page 58 of the MCA-132 notes
Excerpt from page 58
Page 58 first closes the job-related attitudes table with organizational commitment and its three types (Meyer and Allen): affective ("want to stay"), continuance ("need to stay") and normative ("ought to stay"). It then opens interpersonal relations.
6.1 Transactional Analysis (TA)
Transactional Analysis was developed by Dr Eric Berne, author of "Games People Play" (1964). TA is a technique for understanding and improving interpersonal communication. A transaction is a unit of social interaction: a stimulus from one person and a response from another. TA analyses which ego state each person is using.
Analysis of ego states (PAC model)
| Ego state | Origin | Characteristics | Typical words |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent (P) | "Taught" concept of life, recorded from parents and authority figures | Nurturing parent (caring, protective) or critical parent (judgmental, controlling) | "Always...", "Never...", "You should...", "Poor thing" |
| Adult (A) | "Thought" concept, rational data processing | Logical, objective, factual, analytical; collects information and decides | "What", "Why", "How", "I think", "Let us analyse" |
| Child (C) | "Felt" concept, emotions recorded in early childhood | Natural child (spontaneous, creative, curious) or adapted child (obedient, rebellious) | "I want", "Wow!", "I can't", "It's not fair" |
The three ego states in Berne's PAC model (notes page 58)
- Ego state
- Parent (P)
- Origin
- "Taught" concept of life, recorded from parents and authority figures
- Characteristics
- Nurturing parent (caring, protective) or critical parent (judgmental, controlling)
- Typical words
- "Always...", "Never...", "You should...", "Poor thing"
- Ego state
- Adult (A)
- Origin
- "Thought" concept, rational data processing
- Characteristics
- Logical, objective, factual, analytical; collects information and decides
- Typical words
- "What", "Why", "How", "I think", "Let us analyse"
- Ego state
- Child (C)
- Origin
- "Felt" concept, emotions recorded in early childhood
- Characteristics
- Natural child (spontaneous, creative, curious) or adapted child (obedient, rebellious)
- Typical words
- "I want", "Wow!", "I can't", "It's not fair"
Types of transactions
Complementary (parallel): the response comes from the ego state the stimulus was addressed to, so the lines run parallel (Adult to Adult). Example: "What time is the meeting?" "At 3 pm." Result: smooth communication that can continue indefinitely.
Crossed: the response comes from an unexpected ego state and the lines cross. Example: "Have you seen the file?" answered by "Why don't you keep your things properly?", a Parent reply to an Adult question. Result: communication breaks down and conflict follows.
Ulterior (hidden): two messages travel together, an overt social message and a covert psychological one. Example: a salesman says "This model is probably too costly for you", quietly challenging the customer's Child. Result: games and manipulation.
Do the MCA-132 notes cover the full GGSIPU syllabus?
Yes. Every topic printed in the four official units has a matching section in the notes, including the Unit IV case studies (pages 89 to 91). The PDF's "Ouch's" and "McCelland's" theories appear as Ouchi's Theory Z and McClelland's needs theory.
| Official unit | Official topics (MCA scheme 2025-26) | Where in the notes | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unit I (10 hours) | Management concept and functions, coordination, managers' roles, levels, skills; planning, MBO, forecasting; decision making, bounded rationality; organizing, structure, span of control, scalar chain, line and staff | Sections 1 to 7, pages 5 to 22 | Covered |
| Unit II (10 hours) | Authority, power, politics; delegation, decentralization; staffing; directing, supervision; controlling; leadership styles; Path Goal, transactional, transformational, charismatic, trait theory | Sections 1 to 8, pages 28 to 42 | Covered |
| Unit III (13 hours) | OB history and levels; personality, MBTI, Big Five; learning, reinforcement; perception; values, attitudes; TA, Johari Window; motivation theories; groups, teams; communication | Sections 1 to 9, pages 48 to 68 | Covered |
| Unit IV (12 hours) | Climate, culture, Schein's three levels; conflict, hidden conflicts, bargaining; planned change, Lewin's force field, resistance; work stress, coping; case studies | Sections 1 to 7, pages 75 to 91 | Covered |
MCA-132 official units mapped to the notes
- Official unit
- Unit I (10 hours)
- Official topics (MCA scheme 2025-26)
- Management concept and functions, coordination, managers' roles, levels, skills; planning, MBO, forecasting; decision making, bounded rationality; organizing, structure, span of control, scalar chain, line and staff
- Where in the notes
- Sections 1 to 7, pages 5 to 22
- Status
- Covered
- Official unit
- Unit II (10 hours)
- Official topics (MCA scheme 2025-26)
- Authority, power, politics; delegation, decentralization; staffing; directing, supervision; controlling; leadership styles; Path Goal, transactional, transformational, charismatic, trait theory
- Where in the notes
- Sections 1 to 8, pages 28 to 42
- Status
- Covered
- Official unit
- Unit III (13 hours)
- Official topics (MCA scheme 2025-26)
- OB history and levels; personality, MBTI, Big Five; learning, reinforcement; perception; values, attitudes; TA, Johari Window; motivation theories; groups, teams; communication
- Where in the notes
- Sections 1 to 9, pages 48 to 68
- Status
- Covered
- Official unit
- Unit IV (12 hours)
- Official topics (MCA scheme 2025-26)
- Climate, culture, Schein's three levels; conflict, hidden conflicts, bargaining; planned change, Lewin's force field, resistance; work stress, coping; case studies
- Where in the notes
- Sections 1 to 7, pages 75 to 91
- Status
- Covered
Official source: MCA Scheme of Examination and Detailed Syllabus, affiliated institutes, A.S. 2025-26 onwards.
Every course in GGSIPU notes is mapped to its own ipu.ac.in PDF in the same unit-by-unit way.
Who writes and checks the MCA-132 Management and OB notes?
- Prateek Talwar, author: Founder, Unnati Educations; Associate Company Secretary (ACS), ICSI, membership no. 58704, since 15 May 2019; B.Com, University of Delhi (School of Open Learning), 2012. Author bio
- Sheetal Kirola, subject reviewer for these management and OB notes: Academic Head, Unnati Educations; BBA and B.Ed, DU SOL; M.Ed.; 6 years of experience in BBA subjects.
The 2026-27 edition of the GGSIPU MCA Semester 2 Management Principles and OB notes is mapped to the scheme approved by the USIC&T Board of Studies on 28 July 2025. It adds a syllabus roadmap to each unit and 4 case studies, from an IT merger in Delhi to an ERP rollout in Ludhiana.
Last checked 13 October 2026; see our editorial policy.
The same team prepares GGSIPU important questions for each course.
MCA-132 and the GGSIPU MCA Sem 2 papers it connects to
MCA-132 has no lab; its units and hours sit with every other paper in the GGSIPU MCA syllabus.
- The other Open Elective-I choices are MCA-128 Digital Marketing, MCA-130 Management Information System and MCA-134 Finance and Accounting. MCA-130 Unit I lists functions of management and the managerial role, which MCA-132 Unit 1 covers in depth.
- Core papers are MCA-102, MCA-104 and MCA-106, plus a Core Elective-I.
- MCA-170 Minor Project-II involves teamwork, where Unit 3 (Tuckman's stages, effective teams) and Unit 4 (conflict handling, negotiation) apply directly.
How to write MCA-132 answers: definition-led theory answers and five-step case study answers
Each long answer in the notes has "answer hints" in one shape: definition, table of points, labelled diagram, one-line conclusion.
The exam corners lean on comparisons: policy vs rule, delegation vs decentralization, Maslow vs Herzberg, climate vs culture. Use a basis-wise table and end with a one-liner like the notes' "delegation is a process, decentralization is the end result".
Worked example: case study format (Case Study 3, page 90)
The notes' five steps are: identify the problem, analyse it with a named theory, weigh alternatives, recommend with reasons, conclude. In Case Study 3, sales promises 7-day delivery and production needs 15 days:
- Problem: intergroup conflict, sliding from task conflict into relationship conflict.
- Theory: on the Thomas-Kilmann grid both sides compete.
- Recommendation: collaborate through joint planning and a shared customer-satisfaction goal.
- Conclusion: moderate task conflict helps when channelled, as the interactionist view holds.
Practise this format on GGSIPU MCA important questions.
MCA-132 Management and OB notes FAQs
How do I get the full MCA-132 notes?
The full MCA-132 notes come as a printed book only; they are not sold as a PDF. Tap "Get Full Notes" or the button at the end of this page to message our desk on WhatsApp at 9899436384. We confirm your address and dispatch the book, which reaches you within 5 to 7 days at most, depending on your location.
What is the passing mark for MCA-132?
MCA-132 is marked out of 100 and the pass mark is 40. The MCA scheme of examination states passing marks as 40 out of 100 for every paper (Important Note 9). The end-term paper carries 60 marks (12 for Question 1 plus four unit questions of 12), leaving 40 for internal assessment. End-term minimums and re-appear rules come from Ordinance 11 on ipu.ac.in.
Is MCA-132 compulsory in MCA Semester 2?
No. MCA-132 is one of four Open Elective-I papers in MCA Semester 2, alongside MCA-128, MCA-130 and MCA-134, and you choose one. It carries 4 credits (L 3, T 1). Scheme note 3 says an elective with fewer than 20 students may run without classes, with students completing it through a MOOC after committee approval. Ask your institute which route applies.
Do the MCA-132 notes match the 2025-26 MCA syllabus?
Yes. The MCA-132 notes follow the MCA scheme for affiliated institutes that applies from the 2025-26 academic year, approved by the USIC&T Board of Studies on 28 July 2025. All four units are mapped topic by topic in the syllabus table above, including case studies, which official Unit IV lists as a topic in its own right.
Which unit of MCA-132 is the largest?
Unit 3 of MCA-132 is the largest. It runs from page 47 to 73 of the notes, carries 13 teaching hours in the official scheme (the others have 10 to 12), and has the most solved questions: 14 short-answer and 10 long-answer. It covers personality, learning, perception, values, TA, motivation, groups and communication, so give it extra revision time.
Are the MCA-132 notes useful without a management background?
Yes. MCA-132 is taught to computing students, so the notes define each term before using it, quote standard definitions from Fayol, Koontz and Robbins, and put most comparisons in tables. Three of the four Unit 4 case studies are set in Delhi, Ludhiana and Gurugram. The official pre-requisite is analytical, interpersonal, observational and communication skills, not a commerce degree.
Get the full MCA-132 Management Principles and Organizational Behaviour Notes on WhatsApp
| Part | Pages | Solved (short + long) |
|---|---|---|
| Cover and index | 1 to 3 | - |
| Unit 1 | 4 to 26 (23 pages) | 12 + 9 |
| Unit 2 | 27 to 46 (20 pages) | 12 + 8 |
| Unit 3 | 47 to 73 (27 pages) | 14 + 10 |
| Unit 4 with 4 case studies | 74 to 95 (22 pages) | 14 + 8 |
What the full MCA-132 notes book contains
- Part
- Cover and index
- Pages
- 1 to 3
- Solved (short + long)
- -
- Part
- Unit 1
- Pages
- 4 to 26 (23 pages)
- Solved (short + long)
- 12 + 9
- Part
- Unit 2
- Pages
- 27 to 46 (20 pages)
- Solved (short + long)
- 12 + 8
- Part
- Unit 3
- Pages
- 47 to 73 (27 pages)
- Solved (short + long)
- 14 + 10
- Pages
- 74 to 95 (22 pages)
- Solved (short + long)
- 14 + 8
The full book is a set of Management Principles and OB notes in English: 95 printed pages, not a PDF. Delivery: within 5 to 7 days at most; the exact time may vary with your location.
Order the MCA-132 notes book on WhatsApp (4 units, 95 pages)
Unnati Educations is an independent education provider based in Vikaspuri, Delhi. We are not affiliated with, authorised by, or endorsed by Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University (GGSIPU). 'GGSIPU' and 'IPU' are used only to describe the syllabus our notes follow. For official information, visit ipu.ac.in.
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