BED 106 Assessment of Learning Notes for GGSIPU B.Ed Sem 2

Written by Sheetal Kirola, Academic Head (M.Ed., 7 years of experience) · Reviewed by Prateek Talwar, Founder, Unnati Educations (B.Ed student counselling since 2020) · Checked against the GGSIPU B.Ed Course Curriculum (Two Years), Session 2023-24 onwards · Updated 14 October 2026 · Editorial policy

Scheme: B.Ed (Two Years), Session 2023-24 onwards | Applies to: students admitted from session 2023-24 onwards | Verified against: GGSIPU B.Ed curriculum PDF (syllBEd210823.pdf, ipu.ac.in)

BED 106 Assessment of Learning at a glance: GGSIPU B.Ed Sem 2 credits, units and exam pattern

BED 106 teaches you to plan a test, score it and read the results. It is one of 11 courses in the GGSIPU B.Ed Semester 2 papers, which together carry 36 credits and 1,100 marks. Verify every figure in the official B.Ed curriculum PDF on ipu.ac.in.

BED 106 Assessment of Learning Notes unit-wise: 30 topics, 18 figures and 100 exam questions across 4 units

These GGSIPU B.Ed Sem 2 Assessment of Learning notes follow the four official units in order; each unit ends with a revision table and exam questions. Notes for every other paper of the course sit under GGSIPU B.Ed notes.

BED 106 Unit 1: Concept of Evaluation

Pages 5 to 24 (20 pages), 7 topics, 4 figures. It separates measurement, assessment and evaluation (Stevens, Beeby, the Kothari Commission), draws Bloom's triangle of objectives, learning experiences and evaluation, and sets formative against summative evaluation (Scriven, 1967).

The rest covers assessment of, for and as learning, CCE with its nine-step procedure under RTE Section 29(2)(h), and norm versus criterion referencing (Glaser, 1963). Exam questions: 15 short, 10 long.

Quick look: Stevens' four scales of measurement (from page 6)

BED 106 Unit 2: Tools and Techniques of Evaluation

Pages 25 to 44 (20 pages), 7 topics, 4 figures. It runs from the qualities of a good tool (memory aid "VROUN") to reliability methods, five types of validity, and written, oral and practical tests with a sample question per Bloom level.

Then come observation, introspection, projective tests and sociometry, a blueprint for a 40-mark Class VIII Science test with item analysis, and portfolios, rubrics, focus groups and MOOC assessment on SWAYAM. Exam questions: 15 short, 10 long.

Quick look: item analysis of one test item (from page 39)

1. Rank 100 answer sheets; the top 27 are the upper group, the bottom 27 the lower group (Kelley's 27% rule).
2. For item 5, count correct answers: 20 in the upper group, 8 in the lower group.
3. Difficulty index = (20 + 8) ÷ (27 + 27) × 100 = 51.9%, which is average (30 to 70% is accepted).
4. Discrimination index = (20 − 8) ÷ 27 = 0.44, which is very good (0.40 and above).
5. Decision: the item is kept in the final test.

BED 106 Unit 3: Statistical Methods and Interpretation of Scores

Pages 45 to 64 (20 pages), 7 topics, 7 figures, the most of any unit. One table of 40 students' marks feeds the histogram, frequency polygon and pie chart; one nine-score set gives the mean (17.78), median (18), mode (15) and SD (3.82).

It ends with the normal curve, skewness and kurtosis (see the excerpt), Spearman's rank method and percentile rank. Exam questions: 15 short, 10 long.

Quick look: Spearman's rho for Hindi and Maths marks (from page 60)

1. Rank the 8 students in Hindi and in Maths (highest = rank 1).
2. Find D = R1 − R2 for each student and check that the D values add up to 0.
3. Square each D and add: ΣD² = 8.
4. ρ = 1 − (6 × 8) ÷ (8 × 63) = 1 − 48 ÷ 504 = +0.905.
5. Interpret: high positive correlation between Hindi and Maths marks.

BED 106 Unit 4: New Trends in Evaluation (Need and Use)

Pages 65 to 83 (19 pages), 9 topics, the most of any unit; the notes title it "New Trends in Evaluation". It covers question banks with item coding, CBSE 9-point and UGC 10-point grading, online exam platforms from Google Forms to TCS iON, and open book exams.

The second half appraises practice against NEP 2020, then CBCS, SGPA and CGPA, the No Detention Policy (RTE Section 16, 2019 amendment) and standardising an achievement test. Exam questions: 15 short, 10 long.

Quick look: the four types of grading (from page 67)

The normal probability curve and its properties in educational statistics: excerpt from page 56 of the BED 106 notes

Excerpt from page 56

What the normal curve is

The Normal Probability Curve (NPC) is a bell-shaped, symmetrical curve. It shows how most natural and psychological traits, such as height, intelligence and achievement, are spread in a large population: most people lie close to the average and fewer and fewer lie towards the two extremes. The curve was first worked out by De Moivre in 1733 and developed further by Laplace and Gauss, which is why it is also called the Gaussian curve.

For a teacher, this matters because a well-made test given to a large, mixed group should produce marks that roughly follow this shape. When the marks do not, the shape itself tells you something about the test.

Properties of the NPC

• Bell-shaped and symmetrical: the left half is a mirror image of the right half about the vertical line through the mean.
• Mean = Median = Mode: all three sit at the centre, at the highest point of the curve.
• Unimodal: the curve has only one peak.
• Asymptotic: the two tails come closer and closer to the X-axis but never touch it; in theory they run from minus infinity to plus infinity.
• Skewness and kurtosis: skewness is 0 and kurtosis is 0.263, so the normal curve is mesokurtic.
• Total area: the area under the curve is 1 (100% of cases), with 50% of cases on each side of the mean.
• Fixed areas: M ± 1σ covers 68.26% of cases, M ± 2σ covers 95.44% and M ± 3σ covers 99.73%.
• Points of inflection: the curve changes from convex to concave at ±1σ.
• Height: the curve is highest at the mean and falls away evenly on both sides.
• Quartile deviation: in a normal curve, QD = 0.6745σ, also called the probable error (PE).

Remember the three numbers

If you learn only one line from this page, learn 68.26, 95.44 and 99.73. They are the percentages of cases within one, two and three standard deviations of the mean, and almost every NPC question builds on them.

Do the BED 106 notes cover the full GGSIPU syllabus?

Yes for all four units: every topic in the official BED 106 course content has a matching section in the notes. The practical assignment (15 marks) is work you do yourself; the notes give its theory and one worked tip, not the finished task.

Official source: B.Ed Course Curriculum (Two Years), session 2023-24 onwards (PDF). Two wording points: the syllabus prints "NPE 2020", which the notes read as the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020, and it prints "Choice based choice System (CBCS)", which the notes treat as the Choice Based Credit System.

Every course in GGSIPU notes is mapped to its official PDF in the same way.

How to write BED 106 answers: definition-led theory answers, comparison tables and short statistics workings

BED 106 mixes two kinds of answer. Units I, II and IV ask for theory: meaning, a named definition, characteristics, a comparison table and a classroom example. Unit III asks you to show a formula at work, but the syllabus limits central tendency and variability to meaning, characteristics and use, so one small worked line beats a long calculation.

The notes' exam tips give habits worth copying. When a question says "concept of evaluation", draw the triangle of objectives, learning experiences and evaluation, and quote Beeby or the Kothari Commission. For norm and criterion referencing, show that one score reads both ways: "passed with 75%" and "top 10% of the state".

For the affective domain, name attitude scales, rating scales and anecdotal records, since paper tests rarely reach it. For online examinations, give one line each on TCS iON, SWAYAM-NTA and Google Forms.

Worked example: ten-mark plan for "Differentiate between formative and summative evaluation"

Start with both terms and their source (Michael Scriven, 1967). Give a five-row table: time, purpose, stakes, feedback and tools. Add three reasons formative evaluation improves learning: immediate feedback, early diagnosis and remedial teaching, and less exam fear. Close with Robert Stake's line from the notes: when the cook tastes the soup, that is formative; when the guests taste it, summative.

For a statistics answer, write the formula, substitute, calculate and then interpret in words; an answer that stops at "ρ = 0.905" loses the interpretation marks. Practise this format on GGSIPU B.Ed important questions.

BED 106 exam corner: 60 two-to-five-mark and 40 ten-to-fifteen-mark questions by unit

The BED 106 notes list 60 short-answer (2–5 marks) and 40 long-answer (10–15 marks) exam questions across 4 units, plus 3 solved examples. The questions close each unit as a practice list. Four of them, one per unit:

1. Unit 1, long answer: distinguish among assessment of, for and as learning with classroom examples. Pointer: of = summative, teacher, end of term; for = formative, during teaching (exit slips, re-teaching); as = the learner checks their own work with a rubric. Close: more for and as, less of.
2. Unit 2, long answer: what is sociometry? Explain how a sociogram is prepared. Pointer: J.L. Moreno, 1934; choice question, confidential matrix, circles and arrows; define star, mutual pair, isolate, neglectee; uses such as grouping and seating.
3. Unit 3, long answer: explain range, quartile deviation and standard deviation. Pointer: open with two sections sharing a mean of 44 but not their spread (page 54); give each formula, characteristics and use, then the pairing rule.
4. Unit 4, long answer: the No Detention Policy and the role of evaluation. Pointer: RTE 2009 Section 16; the 2019 amendment allows exams in Classes V and VIII with a re-exam within two months; then continuous assessment, early diagnosis and remedial teaching.

More practice sits in the BED 106 important questions.

Who writes and checks the BED 106 Assessment of Learning notes?

• Sheetal Kirola, author: Academic Head, Unnati Educations; M.Ed.; 7 years of experience. She wrote the unit notes, worked examples and revision tables for BED 106. Read her profile.
• Prateek Talwar, reviewer: Founder, Unnati Educations; has counselled B.Ed students since 2020. He checked the notes against the university's curriculum and scheme of examination. Read his profile.

This is the 2026-27 edition of the BED 106 Assessment of Learning IPU notes, mapped to the B.Ed curriculum for session 2023-24 onwards. It works Unit III on shared data sets, gives a full 40-mark blueprint in Unit II, and adds the UGC 2021 SWAYAM credit rule and the December 2024 No Detention change. Last updated 14 October 2026; how we check facts is set out in our editorial policy.

The same team prepares GGSIPU important questions for every course.

BED 106 and the GGSIPU B.Ed Sem 2 papers it connects to

BED 106 has no separate lab paper; its practical side is one field task, listed paper by paper on the GGSIPU B.Ed syllabus page.

Unit III is the method for compiling one class's result. Unit II (blueprint, item writing) supports the objective marking scheme and the ten application questions. Unit IV's online platforms help with the ICT-based language question paper, and Units I and IV give the content for the PowerPoint on assessment practice.

Other Semester 2 papers that link to BED 106:

• BED 154 PSE-II: its tasks ask for reflective writing on how schools run Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation, which is Unit I, topic 6.
• Pedagogy of School Subject I and II (BED116 to 150): several have their own evaluation unit using Unit II's rubrics and portfolios.
• BED 102 Learning and Teaching: its assessment of intelligence sits beside the standardised tests of Unit IV.
• BED 104 Contemporary Perspectives in Education, BED 108 Experiential Learning, BED 110 Entrepreneurship in Education and BED 152 Reading and Reflecting on Texts complete the semester.

Looking back, Unit IV's online examination topic builds on the evaluation software of BED 109 Critical Understanding of ICT (Semester 1).

BED 106 Assessment of Learning notes FAQs

How do I get the full BED 106 notes?

Message us on WhatsApp at 9899436384 with the code BED 106, or tap "Get Full Notes" at the top of this page. The full BED 106 notes come as a printed book only, not as a PDF. Delivery takes a maximum of 5 to 7 days; the exact time depends on your location.

What is the passing mark in BED 106 Assessment of Learning?

BED 106 is marked out of 100: 75 for the theory exam, 15 for practical assignments or field engagement and 10 for minors. The B.Ed scheme of examination states pass marks as 40%, which is 40 out of 100. For any separate end-term minimum and the rules on re-appearing, check GGSIPU Ordinance 11 on ipu.ac.in or ask your institute.

How much statistics is there in BED 106?

All of BED 106 Unit 3 is statistics: graphs, mean, median, mode, range, quartile deviation, standard deviation, the normal curve, Spearman's rank correlation and percentiles. The syllabus asks for meaning, characteristics and use of central tendency and variability, so the notes explain each with one small worked example rather than long sums. Spearman's method has a full solved example.

Do the BED 106 notes follow the GGSIPU B.Ed curriculum for 2023-24 onwards?

Yes. The BED 106 notes are mapped to the official B.Ed Course Curriculum (Two Years) for session 2023-24 onwards, which applies if you were admitted in or after that session. The four unit titles match the official PDF, and every listed topic has a numbered topic in the notes, as the syllabus map above shows page by page.

Are the BED 106 notes available as a PDF?

No. The full BED 106 notes are sold only as a printed book, ordered on WhatsApp. Prices are shared on WhatsApp.

Which BED 106 unit has the most topics?

Unit 4, New Trends in Evaluation, has the most topics in the BED 106 notes: 9, from question banks and grading to CBCS, CGPA, the No Detention Policy and achievement test standardisation. Unit 3 has the most figures (7), because every graph and curve is drawn. Units 1 to 3 run to 20 pages each and Unit 4 to 19.

Get the full BED 106 Assessment of Learning Notes on WhatsApp

These Assessment of Learning notes in English run to 83 pages, with 100 exam questions, 3 solved examples and a revision table for each unit. The book is printed only, not available as a PDF. Delivery takes a maximum of 5 to 7 days; the rest depends on your location.

Order the BED 106 notes book on WhatsApp (4 units, 83 pages)

Unnati Educations is an independent education provider based in Vikaspuri, Delhi. We are not affiliated with, authorised by, or endorsed by Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University (GGSIPU). 'GGSIPU' and 'IPU' are used only to describe the syllabus our notes follow. For official information, visit ipu.ac.in.