BECC 103 Solved Guess Paper for the 2026 sessions is a 16-page file carrying 14 high-probability questions with complete written answers for Introductory Macroeconomics under the Bachelor of Arts (Honours) Economics programme. Every answer is sized to the mark weight IGNOU actually sets, so a 20-mark question runs to roughly 450 words and a 6-mark short note stops near 150. Five answers are reproduced in full below.
BECC-103 Introductory Macroeconomics Key Facts at a Glance
| Course code and title | BECC-103 Introductory Macroeconomics |
|---|---|
| Programme | Bachelor of Arts (Honours) Economics (BAECH) |
| Semester | Semester II, Core Course |
| Sessions targeted | June 2026 and December 2026 Term-End Examination |
| Questions in the file | 14 questions, all with full answers |
| Samples shown on this page | 5 questions with answers, 9 remain in the paid file |
| File length | 16 pages, PDF, delivered on WhatsApp |
| Syllabus coverage | 5 blocks and 14 units |
| Exam duration and marks | 3 hours, 100 marks |
| Question papers analysed | 6 sessions, June 2023 to December 2025 |
| Medium | English |
What the BECC 103 Solved Guess Paper 2026 Covers
The file holds 14 questions with complete answers, drawn from all five blocks of BECC-103 and split across Section A, Section B and Section C exactly as the term-end paper splits them. Two of those are the long 20-mark type, ten sit in the 12-mark band, and the last one is a set of four short notes worth 6 marks each.
What makes it usable under exam pressure is the labelling. Each question carries a chip showing its block and section, the mark weight, and the sessions it last appeared in. So when you open page 6 and see Block 4, Section A, 20 marks, last seen December 2025 and December 2024, you already know where to place it in your revision order without cross-checking a syllabus PDF.
What separates this from a bare list of IGNOU BECC 103 Guess Paper topics floating around student groups is that every entry arrives already answered, at the length the mark weight demands.
Answers are written from the IGNOU textbook rather than paraphrased from general economics notes. Scholar names stay attached to the theories that belong to them, Myrdal and Streeten to structural inflation, Marshall and Pigou to the Cambridge cash-balance approach, and the numbered lists match the counts the book uses. Examiners marking a BAECH script look for exactly that.
If you are building a wider revision set for the semester, the same treatment exists for other course codes on our IGNOU Solved Guess Paper library, and the BECC-103 file slots into that set without repeating content.
Sample Questions with Answers from the BECC-103 Guess Paper
Five of the 14 answers are reproduced below word for word as they appear in the file, one from each of the five blocks, so you can check depth, structure and language before paying anything. Nothing here has been shortened or rewritten for the web page. The remaining nine questions are delivered on WhatsApp.
Sample 1, Inflation, Causes, Types and Effects on Society
Block 3 / Section A 20 marks Last appeared Dec 2025, June 2025, Dec 2023
Question. Explain the various causes of inflation. Discuss the effects of inflation on the various sections of society.
Meaning of Inflation
βInflation is always and everywhere a monetary phenomenon.β
Inflation is a persistent rise, or a tendency towards a persistent rise, in the general level of prices. It is a macroeconomic phenomenon β not the rise in price of one commodity β and it erodes the purchasing power of money.
Causes of Inflation
- Demand-Pull (Demand-Side): Following Keynes, inflation occurs when aggregate demand (C+I+G) exceeds aggregate supply at the full-employment level, pushing prices up once spare capacity is exhausted.
- Cost-Push (Supply-Side): A rise in production costs, chiefly wages negotiated by militant trade unions beyond productivity growth, forces producers to raise prices; market imperfection is a pre-requisite.
- Quantity Theory of Money: Monetarists use MV = PY; with V and Y assumed constant, a rise in money supply M causes a proportionate rise in the price level P.
- Structural Theory: Developed by Myrdal and Streeten, it traces inflation in developing economies to structural rigidities β resource gaps, food shortages, foreign-exchange scarcity and poor infrastructure.
Wage-Price Spiral
Workers facing rising prices demand higher wages; producers grant them and pass the higher cost on as higher prices, prompting fresh wage demands. This self-reinforcing chain of wage and price increases is the wage-price spiral.
Effects on Various Sections of Society
- Debtors & Creditors: Debtors gain since they repay in money of lower real value; creditors lose β wealth is redistributed towards debtors.
- Fixed-Income Groups: Salaried persons and recipients of pensions, rent and interest lose, as their incomes adjust slowly to rising prices.
- Traders & Investors: Producers, traders and real-estate holders gain, as inventory values and output prices rise faster than input costs.
- Agriculturists: Landlords (fixed rents) and landless workers lose, while peasant proprietors gain as farm prices outpace costs.
- Government: As a debtor it gains on fixed-interest bonds; households gain as taxpayers since the real value of taxes paid with a lag falls.
Conclusion: Inflation springs from demand, cost, monetary and structural forces and redistributes real income β hurting fixed-income earners and creditors while benefiting debtors and proprietors β which is why price stability is a prime policy goal.
Sample 2, Derivation of the IS Curve
Block 5 / Section A 20 marks Last appeared Dec 2025, Dec 2024, June 2023
Question. Derive the IS curve. State the factors that influence the position and slope of the IS curve.
Meaning of the IS Curve
βThe IS curve is made up of those combinations of rate of interest and output where savings is equal to investment (aggregate demand equals aggregate supply).β
The IS curve represents goods-market (real-sector) equilibrium. Every point on it shows a combination of interest rate and income at which planned investment equals planned saving.
Derivation
- Interest & Investment: A fall in the interest rate raises investment, which raises aggregate demand.
- Demand & Output: Higher aggregate demand raises the equilibrium level of output through the multiplier.
- Plotting Combinations: When interest falls from iβ to iβ, output rises from Yβ to Yβ; plotting these (i, Y) pairs gives a downward-sloping IS curve, confirming that interest and output are negatively related.
Algebraically, equilibrium Y = AD gives Y = Ξ±α΄³(Δ β bi), where Ξ±α΄³ = 1/(1 β cΜ) is the multiplier with the government sector and cΜ = c(1 β t). Points below-left of the curve show excess demand for goods; points above-right show excess supply.
Factors Affecting the Slope
- Sensitivity of Investment (b): If investment is highly responsive to interest, a small fall in i shifts AD greatly, giving a flatter IS curve; low responsiveness gives a steeper curve.
- Size of the Multiplier (Ξ±α΄³): A larger multiplier produces a larger change in output, making the IS curve flatter.
- Tax Rate: A higher tax rate lowers the multiplier and so makes the IS curve steeper β hence fiscal policy can alter its slope.
Factors Affecting the Position
- Autonomous Spending (Δ): A rise in autonomous expenditure β autonomous consumption, investment, government spending or transfers β shifts the AD curve up and the IS curve to the right at every interest rate; a fall shifts it left.
Conclusion: The IS curve is the downward-sloping locus of goods-market equilibrium; its slope depends on the interest-sensitivity of investment and the multiplier, while its position depends on the level of autonomous spending.
Sample 3, National Income by the Expenditure Method
Block 1 / Section B 12 marks Last appeared Dec 2025, Dec 2024, Dec 2023
Question. Explain how national income can be measured by the expenditure method. State the precautions involved in this method.
Meaning of the Expenditure Method
βThe amount of economic activity occurring during a given period can be measured in terms of the amount of spending on final goods and services.β
Under this method, final expenditure by all sectors β household, business, government and rest of the world β is added to obtain GDP at market prices, given by the income-expenditure identity Y = C + I + G + NX.
Components
- Consumption (C): Household spending on durable goods, non-durable goods and services.
- Investment (I): Business fixed investment, residential investment and change in inventories.
- Government Expenditure (G): Spending by local, state and central governments.
- Net Exports (NX): Exports minus imports.
Precautions
- Only the value of final goods and services is included, to avoid double counting.
- Sale and purchase of second-hand goods is excluded, though commission and brokerage on them is included.
- Imputed value of owner-occupied houses is included.
- Value of own-account production of fixed assets by enterprises, households and government is included.
Conclusion: The expenditure method sums consumption, investment, government spending and net exports to give GDP at market prices, and yields a figure identical to the income and product methods when the listed precautions are observed.
Sample 4, Instruments of Monetary Policy
Block 2 / Section B 12 marks Last appeared Dec 2025, Dec 2024, June 2024
Question. Explain the various quantitative and qualitative instruments available to the Central Bank for implementation of monetary policy.
Meaning
βThe instruments of monetary policy to control credit are divided into two categories, viz., Quantitative and Qualitative.β
Quantitative measures are non-discriminatory and apply to the banking system as a whole, while qualitative or selective measures vary across different uses of credit.
Quantitative Instruments
- Repo Rate: The rate at which banks borrow from the RBI against collateral; raised to curb inflation, lowered to revive growth.
- Bank Rate: The rate at which the central bank lends without collateral; higher bank rate lowers credit creation.
- Open Market Operations: Sale of securities reduces high-powered money and credit; purchase increases them.
- Cash Reserve Ratio: The fraction of liabilities held with the RBI; a higher CRR reduces liquidity.
- Statutory Liquidity Ratio: The fraction of liabilities held as liquid assets; a higher SLR reduces lending capacity.
Qualitative Instruments
- Selective Credit Control: Channels credit to priority sectors and restricts it elsewhere.
- Margin Requirements: Raising the margin on loans discourages borrowing for chosen purposes.
- Credit Rationing: Limits the amount a bank may lend to a particular sector.
- Moral Suasion: Persuasion through discussions, letters and speeches.
- Direct Action: Penal action against banks not complying with directives.
Conclusion: The central bank manages money and credit through five quantitative tools β repo rate, bank rate, OMO, CRR and SLR β and five qualitative tools, usually applied together to achieve price stability and growth.
Sample 5, Balanced Budget Multiplier, Short Note
Block 4 / Section C 6 marks Last appeared Dec 2025, Dec 2024, June 2024, June 2023
Question. Write short notes on any two of the following: (a) Hot Money (b) Liquidity Trap (c) Stagflation (d) Balanced Budget Multiplier.
Balanced Budget Multiplier
βIf the government raises the tax rate and government purchases by the same amount, the equilibrium budget will be unchanged as the multiplier will be equal to 1.β
- The government-spending multiplier is 1/(1 β c) and the tax multiplier is βc/(1 β c).
- When government spending and taxes rise by an equal amount (ΞG = ΞT), the two effects combine.
- The net result is ΞY = ΞG β output rises exactly by the amount of the increase in government spending.
- Thus, an equal rise in spending and taxes raises income even though the budget remains balanced.
The full file also carries the written notes for Hot Money, Liquidity Trap and Stagflation from the same question.
Nine more answers, including the LM curve, the classical system, credit creation and the investment multiplier, are in the complete file.
Inside the File, Page by Page Index of the BECC-103 Answer Set
The BECC-103 file runs to 16 pages, a cover, thirteen answer pages carrying Q1 to Q14, and two closing pages holding the exam rules and the repeat-topic table. The index below is the actual page order, so you know what arrives before you pay.
| Page | Contents | Marks |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Cover, question map and coverage summary | n/a |
| 2 | Q1 Inflation, causes, types and effects on society | 20 |
| 3 | Q2 Classical system of output and employment against the Keynesian model | 20 |
| 4 | Q3 Derivation of the IS curve, slope and position | 20 |
| 5 | Q4 Derivation of the LM curve and points off the curve | 20 |
| 6 | Q5 Investment multiplier, operation and limitations | 20 |
| 7 | Q6 National income by the expenditure method and precautions | 12 |
| 8 | Q7 Quantity theory of money, Fisher against Cambridge | 12 |
| 9 | Q8 Credit creation by the banking system and the money multiplier | 12 |
| 10 | Q9 Functions of money and measures M1 to M4 with M0 | 12 |
| 10 | Q10 Circular flow, money flows against real flows | 12 |
| 11 | Q11 Government spending and tax rate on equilibrium output | 12 |
| 12 | Q12 Macro aggregates, GNP against GDP and net factor income | 12 |
| 13 | Q13 Quantitative and qualitative instruments of monetary policy | 12 |
| 14 | Q14 Short notes, hot money, liquidity trap, stagflation, balanced budget multiplier | 6 each |
| 15 | Exam pattern rules, what not to over-prepare, what examiners want | n/a |
| 15 and 16 | Repeat-topic frequency table across six sessions with priority ratings | n/a |
The seven previews on this page are rendered straight from the delivered PDF at full page width. They show the cover, the inflation answer, the IS curve derivation, the multiplier page, the monetary policy instruments page, the exam rules page and the frequency table, which together cover every layout style used in the file.
Blocks and Units of BECC-103 Introductory Macroeconomics Covered
BECC-103 is built from 5 blocks and 14 units, and the guess paper draws questions from every one of the five blocks. The table maps each unit to the specific concepts it carries and to the question numbers in the file that answer from it, so you can revise unit by unit rather than topic by topic.
| Block | Unit | Key topics in this unit | Answered as |
|---|---|---|---|
| Block 1 Issues in Macroeconomics and National Income Accounting | Unit 1 Issues and Concepts | Scope of macroeconomics, stock against flow variables, micro and macro distinction | Frequency table only, low priority |
| Unit 2 Circular Flow and National Income Accounting | Real flows against money flows, two and three sector flows, leakages through the financial sector | Q10 | |
| Unit 3 Measuring Economic Performance | Expenditure, income and value-added methods, GNP against GDP, net factor income from abroad | Q6 and Q12 | |
| Block 2 Money in a Modern Economy | Unit 4 Functions of Money | Store of value, unit of account, medium of exchange, M1 to M4 and reserve money M0 | Q9 |
| Unit 5 Demand for Money | Transactions and speculative demand, liquidity trap, Fisher equation of exchange against the Cambridge k | Q7 and Q14(b) | |
| Unit 6 Monetary Policy | Repo rate, bank rate, CRR and SLR, open market operations, credit creation and the money multiplier | Q8 and Q13 | |
| Block 3 Inflation | Unit 7 Inflation, Concept, Types and Measurement | Demand-pull against cost-push, price index construction, measurement of the general price level | Q1 |
| Unit 8 Causes and Effects of Inflation | Structural theory of Myrdal and Streeten, wage-price spiral, redistribution between debtors and creditors, stagflation | Q1 and Q14(c) | |
| Block 4 The Closed Economy in the Short-Run | Unit 9 Classical and Keynesian Systems | Say's Law, wage and price flexibility, vertical aggregate supply, effective demand | Q2 |
| Unit 10 Keynesian Model of Income Determination | Consumption function, marginal propensity to consume, investment multiplier and its limitations | Q5 | |
| Unit 11 Fiscal Policy in Keynesian Model | Government spending multiplier, tax multiplier, balanced budget multiplier, automatic stabilisers | Q11 and Q14(d) | |
| Block 5 IS-LM Analysis | Unit 12 Equilibrium in the Real Sector | Derivation of the IS curve, interest sensitivity of investment b, shifts from autonomous spending | Q3 |
| Unit 13 Equilibrium in the Monetary Sector | Derivation of the LM curve, income parameter k and interest parameter h, points off the curve | Q4 | |
| Unit 14 Neoclassical Synthesis | Simultaneous IS-LM equilibrium, relative strength of monetary and fiscal policy, crowding out | Built from Q3 and Q4 together |
Block and unit titles above follow the official IGNOU self-learning material for BECC-103 hosted on eGyanKosh, the university's own repository, rather than a third-party summary. Students taking other core courses in the same semester will find the BAECH guess Paper set organised the same way.
How the BECC-103 Guess Paper Was Built from Past Question Papers
The shortlist came from reading BECC-103 term-end papers across the last five years and then mapping the six most recent sessions, June 2023 to December 2025, question by question against the syllabus. The December 2025 paper was the last one added, so the file reflects the most recent examiner behaviour rather than a pattern from three years ago.
The method was simple and repeatable. Every question from each paper was tagged to its block and unit. Topics were then counted, and anything appearing four times or more, or appearing in the most recent paper after a gap, was marked HIGH. Topics appearing two or three times were marked MEDIUM, and single appearances were kept as LOW backups rather than dropped.
Gap analysis mattered as much as repetition. Credit creation by banks, for example, has not been set since December 2024, which under IGNOU's rotation makes it more likely rather than less. That reasoning is why it sits in the file at HIGH priority even though its raw count is only two.
Answers were then written against the textbook, not against the question. Where the book gives four functions of money, the answer gives four. Where it names a scholar, the scholar is named. If you want to run the same check yourself, the archive of every IGNOU Previous Year Question Paper we maintain lets you verify the frequency counts session by session.
Repeat Topic Frequency Across Six BECC-103 Term-End Sessions
Ten topics in BECC-103 carry a HIGH rating, meaning they repeated four or more times across the six sessions analysed or reappeared in December 2025 after a gap. The extract below shows those ten. The complete table in the file covers 27 topics with MEDIUM and LOW ratings included.
| Topic | J23 | D23 | J24 | D24 | J25 | D25 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| National income measurement methods | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Inflation, causes, types and effects | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Derivation of the LM curve and factors | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Functions of money and measures of supply | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | Yes |
| Classical system of output and employment | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes |
| Derivation of the IS curve and factors | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
| Government spending and tax on equilibrium output | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | No |
| Hot money, liquidity trap and stagflation notes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
| Investment multiplier and limitations | No | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
| Monetary policy instruments and the central bank | No | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
Treated as a shortlist of BECC 103 Important Questions, these ten rows are where revision time earns the most. Reading the table sideways is the useful part. National income measurement has been set in all six sessions without exception, so it is the one topic no BECC-103 candidate can afford to skip. If you want to confirm any single row against the original paper, our BECC 103 Question paper archive holds the session-wise papers the counts were taken from.
BECC-103 Exam Pattern and Marks Distribution for 2026
The BECC-103 term-end paper runs 3 hours for 100 marks, split into Section A worth 40, Section B worth 48 and Section C worth 12. The paper is printed bilingually in English and Hindi, and you attempt questions from all three sections.
| Section | Attempt | Word length | Marks | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Section A | Any 2 of 4 questions | About 500 words | 20 each | 40 |
| Section B | Any 4 of 7 questions | About 250 words | 12 each | 48 |
| Section C | Short notes on any 2 of 4 | About 100 words | 6 each | 12 |
| Duration 3 hours | 100 | |||
This structure is confirmed against IGNOU's own published paper, the December 2022 BECC-103 term-end question paper on the university's question paper archive, and it has held steady through the December 2025 session.
One practical consequence often missed. Section B carries more marks than Section A, 48 against 40, yet students routinely spend the first hour on the two long answers and rush the four middle ones. The guess paper deliberately weights ten of its 14 answers towards Section B for that reason.
Who Should Order the BECC 103 Solved Guess Paper
This file suits BAECH students who have three to four weeks left, have read the blocks at least once, and now need to convert that reading into answers that score. It is a revision and answer-writing aid, not a replacement for the self-learning material.
- Semester II BAECH candidates preparing for the June 2026 session with limited time across five or six courses
- Backlog candidates reattempting BECC-103 in December 2026 who already know the theory but lose marks on structure
- Students who find the IGNOU block language dense and want the same content in shorter, exam-ready prose
- Anyone who writes correct economics but runs out of time, since every answer here is pre-sized to its mark weight
It suits you less well if you have not opened the blocks at all. Fourteen questions will not carry a paper where Section B alone offers seven options across five blocks. Read first, then use this to compress and rehearse.
How to Get the Complete BECC-103 Guess Paper with Answers
Send the course code on WhatsApp to 9899436384 and the complete 16-page PDF is delivered digitally, usually the same day. There is no account to create and no waiting for a courier, since the file is sent as a PDF you can read on a phone or print.
- Message 9899436384 on WhatsApp with the words BECC-103 guess paper 2026
- Confirm your session, June 2026 or December 2026, so the right version is sent
- Complete the payment as guided in the chat
- Receive the 16-page PDF with all 14 answers, the exam rules page and the 27-topic frequency table
Questions about coverage before you order are welcome on the same number. If a topic you are worried about is not among the 14, we will tell you plainly rather than sell you the file anyway.
Order the BECC-103 guess paper on WhatsApp 9899436384
Email info@unnatieducations.com
Written and Reviewed by the BECC-103 Subject Team
The BECC-103 answers were written by Prateek Talwar and checked before release by Sheetal Kirola. Both are named here because a guess paper is only as good as the person who decided what to leave out.
Prateek Talwar, Founder, Unnati Educations. He built the session-by-session mapping used across our IGNOU files and wrote the 14 BECC-103 answers against the eGyanKosh blocks. Profiles on LinkedIn and Instagram.
Sheetal Kirola, M.Ed., academic reviewer. She checked answer length against the mark weights, verified that every scholar name and numbered list matches the IGNOU text, and signed off the file. Profiles on LinkedIn and Facebook.
Unnati Educations is an independent academic support provider and is not affiliated with, endorsed by or connected to IGNOU (Indira Gandhi National Open University). BECC-103 course codes, block titles and question paper formats referenced here belong to IGNOU and are cited only to describe what this study aid covers.
BECC-103 Introductory Macroeconomics Frequently Asked Questions
How many questions are in the BECC-103 guess paper for 2026?
The file carries 14 questions, every one of them with a complete written answer. Five are shown in full on this page as samples and the remaining nine are delivered on WhatsApp. Coverage runs across all five blocks, with two 20-mark Section A answers, ten 12-mark Section B answers and one Section C short-note question holding four separate notes.
Is the BECC 103 Solved Guess Paper valid for both June 2026 and December 2026?
Yes. The file was prepared for both 2026 term-end sessions, since IGNOU sets from the same syllabus in June and December and the repeat pattern holds steadily across both. Mention your session when you message us on WhatsApp and we will confirm whether any topic has shifted once the June 2026 paper is released, so December candidates are never working from an outdated priority list.
Which blocks and units of BECC-103 does the guess paper cover?
All five blocks and all fourteen units. Questions are drawn from national income accounting in Block 1, money and monetary policy in Block 2, inflation in Block 3, the classical and Keynesian systems in Block 4, and IS-LM analysis in Block 5. The mapping table above shows which question number answers from which unit, so you can revise in block order rather than jumping around.
Are BECC-103 guess paper answers written from the IGNOU textbook?
Yes. Definitions are taken from the BECC-103 self-learning material rather than generic economics notes, scholar names stay attached to the theories that belong to them, and every numbered list matches the counts the blocks use. This matters because examiners marking BAECH scripts credit the book's own framing and terminology, and an answer built from outside sources quietly loses those structural marks.
How is the BECC-103 guess paper delivered after payment?
As a PDF on WhatsApp, usually the same day you order. Message 9899436384 with your course code and your session. There is no account to create, no postage wait and no separate download portal to log into. The file opens on a phone, on a laptop or as a printed copy, whichever suits the way you actually revise before the exam.
Can I pass BECC-103 using only this guess paper?
Not reliably, and we would rather say so plainly. Section B alone offers seven questions spread across five blocks, so a 14-question file cannot guarantee complete coverage of the paper. It works best once you have read the blocks at least once, as a way to compress that reading into structured, correctly sized answers you can rehearse and reproduce under time pressure.
How many previous year papers were analysed for the BECC-103 guess paper?
Term-end papers from the last five years were read, and the six most recent sessions running from June 2023 to December 2025 were then mapped question by question into the frequency table inside the file. The December 2025 paper was analysed last, so the priority ratings reflect the most recent examiner behaviour rather than a pattern that has since gone stale.
Does the BECC-103 guess paper include diagrams for the IS and LM curves?
The answers describe each derivation step by step, including how the IS curve slopes downward and how the LM slope equals k over h, so you can draw the diagram yourself in the exam. Drawing them in your own hand carries marks, which is why the file teaches the derivation rather than supplying a figure to copy.