BHDC 107 Question Paper December 2025, IGNOU B.A. (Honours) Hindi पाश्चात्य काव्यशास्त्र

BHDC 107 Question Paper December 2025 is the freshest practice tool you can put in front of yourself before walking into your 2026 Term-End Exam. The solved version unpacks Plato, Aristotle, Croce, Eliot, Richards, and the New Criticism school in clear Hindi prose, structured the way an IGNOU evaluator wants to read it at honours level.

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What is the BHDC-107 December 2025 Question Paper?

The BHDC 107 December 2025 question paper is the official IGNOU Term-End Examination paper for Pashchatya Kavyashastra, conducted in December 2025 for B.A. Honours Hindi students. It carries 100 marks across ten questions in three hours, you attempt any five.

Here's the part that matters: this is the most recent paper IGNOU has released for the course. Question patterns from the latest cycle nearly always echo into the next two sessions. Solving December 2025 thoroughly is the closest you'll get to a live preview of June 2026 or December 2026.

About IGNOU BHDC-107 पाश्चात्य काव्यशास्त्र

BHDC-107 is a core theory course in the IGNOU B.A. Honours Hindi (BAHDH) programme that takes students through the Western tradition of literary criticism, from Greek antiquity to twentieth-century formalism. The syllabus splits across four broad eras. The classical era covers Plato's anukaran-based skepticism of poetry, Aristotle's Poetics with its mimesis and katharsis, and Longinus on the udatt (sublime).

The romantic and post-romantic era covers Wordsworth and Coleridge on imagination and poetic language. The early modern era brings Benedetto Croce's abhivyaktivad (expressionism) and T.S. Eliot's vastunisht-sahsanyojan (objective correlative) along with sahaj-anubhuti (impersonality). The twentieth-century era covers I.A. Richards, the New Criticism school (Ransom, Cleanth Brooks), nav-shastriyata, and shankuk's anumitivada is also touched in comparative context. Most students find Eliot and Richards the highest-scoring once concepts are clearly defined.

BHDC 107 Question Paper December 2025, Exam Pattern and Marks Breakdown

That's a different rhythm from most IGNOU papers. Five questions in three hours means roughly 36 minutes per question. Use that time to define each Western concept in clean Hindi, attribute it to the right critic and text, and develop one or two specific examples.

All Questions in the BHDC 107 Question Paper December 2025 (Complete List)

Topics tested

Plato ka kavya siddhant, Shankuk ka anumitivada, udatt, kavya bhasha, abhivyaktivad, sanvedna ki nissangata, I.A. Richards ka yogdan, nayi sameeksha (New Criticism), nav-shastriyatavad, vastunisht sahsanyojan.

Syllabus Topics Covered

The solutions in this PDF map directly across the BHDC-107 syllabus. Q1 covers the foundational Greek critique of poetry from Plato's Republic. Q2 brings in Shankuk's anumitivada, included for comparative discussion with Western inference theory. Q3 deals with Longinus's udatt and its opposing elements. Q4 covers kavya-bhasha, drawing from Wordsworth, Coleridge, and modern linguistic criticism.

Q5 is on Croce's abhivyaktivad. Q6 covers Eliot's "impersonality of art", what the syllabus calls sanvedna ki nissangata. Q7 covers I.A. Richards's psychological criticism and Practical Criticism. Q8 is the New Criticism school broadly. Q9 covers nav-shastriyatavad with Eliot, T.E. Hulme, and the early twentieth-century classical revival. Q10 short notes test specific terms: anviti (unity), sadhuranikaran (comparative angle), vastunisht-sahsanyojan (objective correlative), and sahjanubhuti.

Sample Answer Preview: Pashchatya Kavyashastra Explanation

Take Q7, the 20-mark question on I.A. Richards's critical contribution. It's a high-frequency question on this paper, repeated in some form in nearly every recent cycle.

Here's how those 20 marks actually break down:

Bhumika (2 marks): Open with a one-paragraph introduction. Place Richards in the early twentieth century at Cambridge. State that he is the founder of modern psychological literary criticism and a foundational influence on the New Criticism school. Mention his key works: Principles of Literary Criticism, Practical Criticism, and The Meaning of Meaning (with Ogden, 1923).

Mulya-siddhant (Theory of Value) (4 marks): Richards proposed that literature is judged by its capacity to organise experience and harmonise conflicting impulses. Define his concept of "synaesthesis" as the equilibrium of opposing impulses through poetry. This is his answer to the question, why does poetry matter. Quote: kavya manaviya anubhutiyon ka sangathan karta hai.

Bhasha-vichar (Theory of Language) (4 marks): Richards distinguishes scientific language (referential) from emotive language (poetic). Scientific language verifies facts; emotive language organises feelings and attitudes. Therefore, applying truth-value tests to poetry is a category error. This is his major theoretical contribution.

Practical Criticism (4 marks): Walk through his Cambridge experiment. Richards gave students unsigned poems without context and asked for responses. The results revealed common misreadings: stock responses, sentimentality, doctrinal adhesion, technical preconceptions, and irrelevant associations. This experiment laid the foundation for close reading as a method.

Char prakar ke artha (Four Kinds of Meaning) (3 marks): Define Richards's four meanings of any utterance: Sense (literal meaning), Feeling (emotional attitude), Tone (speaker's attitude to listener), and Intention (purpose). Useful for analysing poems where these four pull in different directions.

Mulyankan aur prabhav (Critical Evaluation and Influence) (2 marks): Note Richards's influence on Cleanth Brooks, William Empson, and the Anglo-American New Critics. Mention the major critique: his psychological framework was challenged by later structuralists and reader-response theorists for being overly mechanistic.

Nishkarsh (1 mark): Close with a line on why Richards matters. He moved literary criticism from impressionistic appreciation to systematic analytic discipline.

The full solution in your PDF follows exactly this structure, with Richards's English terms quoted in brackets next to the Hindi explanation.

How to Write High-Scoring Answers

Time first. 100 marks in 180 minutes works out to roughly 36 minutes per 20-mark question. That's enough room for 700 to 800 words with proper structure. Use it.

Open every answer with a definitional bhumika that names the critic, the era, and the key text. IGNOU evaluators consistently award the first two marks for this clean opening.

For Pashchatya Kavyashastra, accuracy of attribution is everything. Aristotle's anukaran (mimesis) is not the same as Plato's anukaran. Eliot's "objective correlative" is not Croce's "expression". Mixing these up loses 4 to 5 marks instantly.

When you use Hindi terms (vastunisht-sahsanyojan, sahjanubhuti, abhivyaktivad), include the English term in brackets the first time. This signals to the evaluator that you know both registers.

For Q10 short notes, ten marks each, write 350 to 400 words. Definition, key thinker, one example, brief mulyankan. That's enough. Don't try to write a full essay.

Who Should Use This Solved Question Paper

This is built for the BAHDH student whose Term-End Exam falls in 2026 or beyond. June 2026 candidate, December 2026 candidate, or back-paper attempt, the December 2025 release is your sharpest practice resource for this theory paper.

Two student profiles benefit most. The working professional doing IGNOU alongside a teaching, journalism, or government job, with limited time to memorise Western critic names and concepts. And the first-time honours student who hasn't yet figured out how to balance Western theory with clear Hindi prose at honours level.

UGC NET Hindi aspirants, state PSC Hindi candidates, and college-level Hindi teaching aspirants will find the structured Eliot, Richards, and New Criticism answers especially useful for parallel preparation.

Why This is Better Than Free PDFs and Telegram Files

Free Hindi PDFs look attractive until you actually open one. Most are old papers with critic names misspelled, theories misattributed (Eliot's objective correlative attributed to Richards is a frequent mistake), and answers stitched from random blogs. Half the time the date of a critic's major work is plain wrong.

The actual cost isn't money. It's writing the wrong critic's name in your real exam because you trusted a careless file. We've seen students attribute "purgation" to Plato instead of Aristotle because a free PDF had the chapter sequence reversed.

This solved paper is checked against the official IGNOU release, written by a NET-qualified Hindi scholar who teaches kavyashastra, and corrected when something needs an update. There's also a real human at the other end if you spot anything off.

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Explore More IGNOU BHDC-107 Study Material

If this paper helps, you might also want the previous session solved papers (June 2025, December 2024), the BHDC-107 assignment solutions for the current session, an important questions guide for last-minute revision, and topic-wise notes on Eliot, Richards, and New Criticism, which most students find the most term-heavy section. Bundle pricing kicks in if you pick up two or more resources together.