BPAG 171 Solved Question Paper June 2026 gives you exam-length answers to every question IGNOU set in the Disaster Management term-end paper, written by our team after reading seven earlier BPAG-171 papers so you can see what repeats and why.
Product highlights
- BPAG 171 Solved Question Paper for the June 2026 TEE with complete answers to all 8 Disaster Management questions.
- 2 answers are shown in full here (Q1 man-made disasters, Q2 India's vulnerability profile); the other 6 sit in the full file.
- Each answer runs to about 400 words, the exact limit printed on the BPAG-171 paper for every 20-mark question.
- Every question is mapped to its unit, from Unit 3 on man-made disasters to Unit 15 on the Odisha Super Cyclone case.
- Repeat check of 7 official IGNOU papers: damage assessment appeared in 6 of them and returned as Q5 in June 2026.
- Answers use the Indian facts examiners expect: DM Act 2005, NDMA, SDMA, NDRF, NDMP 2016, Bhopal 1984 and Bhuj 2001.
- Shows that 4 of the 8 June 2026 questions mirror the June 2024 paper, which makes the file strong revision for December.
- Sent as a PDF on WhatsApp 9899436384 for BAPAH, BAG, BAM and BAFPA learners writing BPAG-171 Disaster Management.
BPAG 171 key facts
- Course code: BPAG-171
- Subject: Disaster Management (School of Social Sciences)
- Programmes printed on the paper: BAPAH, BAG, BAM and BAFPA
- Credits: 6 credits (IGNOU assignment booklet 2026-27)
- Blocks and units: 4 blocks, 15 units
- Maximum marks: 100 (term-end exam carries 70% weightage, assignments 30%)
- Duration: 3 hours
- Questions in the June 2026 paper: 8 questions in two sections, attempt any 5, at least 2 from each section
- Samples shown on this page: 2 (Questions 1 and 2)
- Questions in the paid file: All 8 answered, 6 of them not shown on this page
What the BPAG 171 Solved Question Paper June 2026 Covers
BPAG 171 Disaster Management is a six-credit IGNOU course from the School of Social Sciences, taught in the BA (Honours) Public Administration (BAPAH), BAG, BAM and BAFPA programmes.
The IGNOU BPAG 171 Solved Question Paper on this page is built on the official June 2026 term-end paper. That paper has 8 questions, all worth 20 marks, split into Section I (Questions 1 to 4) and Section II (Questions 5 to 8). You answer any five, with at least two from each section.
Section I stays inside Blocks 1 and 2: man-made disasters, India's vulnerability profile, the role of central and state governments, and types of preparedness. Section II jumps between Block 2 and Block 4: damage assessment, recovery problems, the community-based plan and the Orissa Super Cyclone of 1999.
One thing stands out. Block 3 (climate change, disasters and development) was skipped entirely in June 2026, even though those two units appeared 11 times across the seven earlier papers we checked. Students who prepared only from a generic important-questions list would have spent hours on topics that never came.
BPAG 171 Sample Answers from the June 2026 Paper
Questions 1 and 2 of the June 2026 BPAG-171 paper are answered in full below; Questions 3 to 8 are answered only in the full file. Both sample answers were written by our team to the 400-word length the paper prints in its instructions.
Section I Units 1 and 3 20 marks
Q1. Discuss the various types of man-made disasters.
Introduction. Man-made disasters, also called technological or human-induced disasters, are events caused by human action, error or negligence that occur in or close to human settlements. They lead to loss of life, damage to property and degradation of the environment. The Disaster Management Act, 2005 recognises this by defining a disaster as a catastrophe arising from natural or man-made causes, or by accident or negligence.
The High Powered Committee on Disaster Management (2001) grouped such events into chemical, industrial and nuclear disasters, accident-related disasters and biological disasters. The IGNOU course book adds complex emergencies, famine and displaced populations. The main types are explained below.
1. Complex emergencies and conflicts
A complex emergency is a humanitarian crisis in which authority breaks down because of internal or external conflict. It brings widespread violence, loss of life, damage to the economy and large-scale displacement, and it usually needs multi-agency and often international assistance.
2. Famine and food insecurity
Famine is a complex disaster with several root causes. Drought or conflict can create an acute food emergency, while chronic food insecurity reflects poverty, debt and poor management of water resources. Food may be unavailable or simply unaffordable, and malnutrition then lowers resistance to disease.
3. Displaced populations
Conflict, threat or a sudden disaster forces people to leave home in groups, either across borders as refugees or within a country as internally displaced persons. India faced this after the 1971 war, when a large influx of refugees from the then East Pakistan created heavy administrative and health pressures.
4. Transport accidents
This group covers air, rail, road and water accidents, along with the risky bulk movement of chemicals and petroleum products by road, rail, sea and pipeline. The triple-train collision near Balasore in Odisha on 2 June 2023 showed how a single rail accident can become a mass-casualty event.
5. Industrial, chemical and nuclear accidents
Explosions, toxic gas leaks and radiation releases fall here, often followed by pollution and acid rain. The Bhopal gas tragedy of 2 to 3 December 1984, caused by a methyl isocyanate leak from the Union Carbide plant, and the Chernobyl nuclear accident of 26 April 1986 remain the standard examples.
6. Other accident-related and biological disasters
Urban and forest fires, mine flooding, oil spills, building collapses, serial bomb blasts, stampedes at festivals and boat capsizing are also treated as man-made. Epidemics, pest attacks and food poisoning are biological, yet they are often spread or worsened by human activity and poor sanitation.
Conclusion. Unlike earthquakes or cyclones, most man-made disasters are preventable. After Bhopal, India passed the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 and the Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991, and NDMA later issued guidelines on chemical disasters. Strict safety audits, land-use control and community awareness remain the best defence.
Section I Unit 4 20 marks
Q2. Write a note on vulnerability profile of India.
Introduction. The vulnerability profile of a country shows how far its people, property and economy are exposed and susceptible to hazards. India is among the most disaster-prone countries in the world because of its geo-climatic conditions, and almost every state faces at least one major hazard, which makes India a multi-hazard country.
Hazard exposure in figures
According to the National Disaster Management Plan, 2016, about 58.6 per cent of India's landmass is prone to earthquakes of moderate to very high intensity. Over 40 million hectares, roughly 12 per cent of the land, is prone to floods and river erosion. Of the 7,516 km coastline, close to 5,700 km is prone to cyclones and tsunamis.
About 68 per cent of the cultivable area is vulnerable to drought, and the hilly regions are at risk from landslides and avalanches. Heat waves and cold waves add a seasonal layer of risk across north and central India.
Region-wise profile
The IGNOU unit studies India's vulnerability through its three geological divisions:
- Himalayas (Extra-Peninsula): young, tectonically active mountains prone to earthquakes, landslides, avalanches and cloudbursts, as seen in the Uttarakhand floods of June 2013.
- Indo-Gangetic Plains: densely populated river basins where the Ganga, Kosi and Brahmaputra systems cause recurring floods, especially in Bihar, Assam and eastern Uttar Pradesh.
- Peninsula: a drought-prone Deccan interior, a cyclone-prone east coast and tsunami exposure, shown by the Indian Ocean tsunami of 26 December 2004, along with earthquakes such as Latur in 1993.
Seismic vulnerability
Seismic Zone V, the highest-risk zone, covers the whole North-East, parts of Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand, the Rann of Kutch, north Bihar and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. The Bhuj earthquake of 26 January 2001 in Kutch showed what this exposure means in practice.
Socio-economic vulnerability
Physical exposure turns into disaster because of human factors. Poverty, unplanned urbanisation, unsafe housing on flood plains and slopes, dependence on rain-fed farming, and weaker access of women, children, the elderly and persons with disabilities to warnings and relief all raise the impact of the same hazard.
Conclusion. India's vulnerability profile explains the shift from a relief-centric approach to risk reduction after the Odisha Super Cyclone of 1999 and the Bhuj earthquake of 2001. Vulnerability mapping is now treated as the first step of preparedness under the Disaster Management Act, 2005 and the National Disaster Management Plan.
Questions answered only in the full file
These six questions are printed exactly as they appear in the June 2026 paper. Their answers are not published on this page.
- Analyse the role of central and state governments in disaster management.
- Explain the various types of preparedness.
- Explain the various dimensions of damage assessment.
- What are the major problems in the area of disaster recovery ? Explain.
- Discuss the community-based disaster management plan for effective disaster management.
- Describe the impacts of Orissa Super Cyclone, 1999 and establishment of the Odisha State Disaster Management Authority.
Question 8 alone asks for impacts plus an institution, so a weak answer usually covers only half the marks. Question 6 is the one that surprised most students, because earlier papers asked about funding rather than problems in recovery.
BPAG 171 Disaster Management Syllabus Block by Block
BPAG-171 has 4 blocks and 15 units, and the June 2026 paper drew on 9 of those 15 units across Blocks 1, 2 and 4.
Block 2 is the heavy one: five units and four of the eight questions. If your BPAG 171 Study Material is the IGNOU course book, these are the units to read twice before December.
| Block | Unit | Key topics in the unit | June 2026 question |
|---|---|---|---|
| Block 1: Introduction | Unit 1 Meaning and Classification of Disasters | Origin of the word disaster, DM Act 2005 definition, HPC 2001 five-way classification | Q1 |
| Block 1: Introduction | Unit 2 Hazard, Risk and Vulnerability | Risk = Hazard x Vulnerability, risk perception factors, nine types of vulnerability | Not asked |
| Block 1: Introduction | Unit 3 Natural and Man-made Disasters | Geophysical, hydrological, climatological and biological hazards; famine; transport and industrial accidents | Q1 |
| Block 1: Introduction | Unit 4 Disaster Profile of India | Himalayas, Indo-Gangetic Plains and Peninsula; earthquake, flood, cyclone and drought exposure; heat and cold waves | Q2 |
| Block 2: Concepts and Institutional Framework | Unit 5 Disaster Management: Act, Policy and Institutional Arrangements | DM Act 2005, NDMA, NEC, SDMA, DDMA, NIDM and NDRF; NPDM 2009; NDMP 2016 | Q3 |
| Block 2: Concepts and Institutional Framework | Unit 6 Disaster Management Cycle | Pre, during and post-disaster stages; prevention, preparedness and mitigation | Q4 |
| Block 2: Concepts and Institutional Framework | Unit 7 Disaster Relief and Response | Evacuation, search and rescue, shelter, debris clearance, Emergency Operations Centre | Not asked |
| Block 2: Concepts and Institutional Framework | Unit 8 Damage Assessment | Elements and dimensions of assessment, two-part framework, critical sectors from housing to livelihood | Q5 |
| Block 2: Concepts and Institutional Framework | Unit 9 Rehabilitation, Reconstruction and Recovery | Physical, social, economic and psychological rehabilitation; NDRF and SDRF funding; recovery problems | Q6 |
| Block 3: Disasters and Development | Unit 10 Climate Change | Weather versus climate, climate vulnerability, adaptation process | Not asked |
| Block 3: Disasters and Development | Unit 11 Disasters and Development | Development programmes and vulnerability, disasters as opportunities, environmental infrastructure | Not asked |
| Block 4: Cross-cutting Issues | Unit 12 Relevance of Indigenous Knowledge | Traditional early warning, coping strategies for cyclone, flood and drought | Not asked |
| Block 4: Cross-cutting Issues | Unit 13 Community Based Disaster Management | CBDM principles, Community Based Risk Assessment, CBDM versus traditional approach | Q7 |
| Block 4: Cross-cutting Issues | Unit 14 Disaster Management Strategies | IDNDR, Yokohama Strategy, Hyogo Framework, Sendai Framework | Not asked |
| Block 4: Cross-cutting Issues | Unit 15 Disaster Management: Case Studies | Odisha 1999, Gujarat 2001, 2004 tsunami, Uttarakhand 2013, Cyclone Phailin | Q8 |
Units 2, 7, 10, 11, 12 and 14 were not tested this time. That does not make them safe to skip: Unit 2 and Unit 11 are two of the three most repeated areas in the earlier papers.
BPAG 171 Exam Pattern and Marks Split
The BPAG 171 Question Paper is a 100-mark, 3-hour descriptive paper in which you attempt five 20-mark answers of about 400 words each.
The June 2026 paper had no short-note question at all, unlike December 2025 and June 2025, where Questions 4 and 8 were split into two 10-mark notes of about 200 words.
| Part | What it contains in June 2026 | Marks |
|---|---|---|
| Section I | Q1 to Q4: man-made disasters, India's vulnerability profile, central and state roles, types of preparedness | 4 x 20, attempt at least 2 |
| Section II | Q5 to Q8: damage assessment, recovery problems, community-based plan, Orissa 1999 and OSDMA | 4 x 20, attempt at least 2 |
| Total to attempt | Any 5 of 8, so one section gives 3 answers and the other gives 2 | 5 x 20 = 100 |
| Word guide | About 400 words per answer, printed in the paper's note | Same for every question |
| Final result weightage | Term-end exam 70%, three assignments (TMAs) 30% | Course of 6 credits |
Pick your three answers from the section where you know the Indian examples best. If you want to compare older formats, our IGNOU Previous Year Question Paper collection keeps the earlier BPAG-171 papers together.
Disaster Management Topics IGNOU Keeps Repeating in BPAG 171
Damage assessment is the most reliable BPAG-171 topic: it appeared in 6 of the 7 official papers we checked and came back as Question 5 in June 2026.
We counted topics across seven official IGNOU papers: December 2020, December 2021, December 2023, June 2024, December 2024, June 2025, December 2025. We could not find June 2021, June 2022, December 2022 or June 2023 papers on the official IGNOU sites, so this is not a five-year claim.
| Topic | Unit | Sessions where it appeared | Count (of 7) | In June 2026? |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Damage assessment: elements, dimensions, framework, critical sectors | Unit 8 | Dec 2020, Dec 2021, Dec 2023, Dec 2024, Jun 2025, Dec 2025 | 6 | Yes, Q5 |
| Disasters and development, including environmental infrastructure | Unit 11 | Dec 2020, Dec 2021, Dec 2023, Jun 2024, Jun 2025, Dec 2025 | 6 | No |
| Hazard, risk and vulnerability: concept, types, factors, assessment | Unit 2 | Dec 2020, Dec 2021, Dec 2023, Dec 2024, Jun 2025, Dec 2025 | 6 | No |
| Community based disaster management and CBDRA | Unit 13 | Dec 2020, Dec 2021, Jun 2024, Dec 2024, Jun 2025 | 5 | Yes, Q7 |
| Climate change, its vulnerability and adaptation | Unit 10 | Dec 2020, Dec 2021, Dec 2023, Dec 2024, Dec 2025 | 5 | No |
| Natural and climatological disasters | Units 1 and 3 | Dec 2020, Dec 2023, Jun 2024, Jun 2025, Dec 2025 | 5 | No |
| DM Act 2005, NDMA and institutional framework | Unit 5 | Dec 2020, Dec 2021, Dec 2023, Dec 2024, Jun 2025 | 5 | Partly, via Q3 |
| Man-made disasters | Units 1 and 3 | Dec 2021, Dec 2024, Jun 2025 | 3 | Yes, Q1 |
| Disaster or vulnerability profile of India | Unit 4 | Jun 2024, Dec 2024, Dec 2025 | 3 | Yes, Q2 |
| Disaster preparedness and its types | Unit 6 | Dec 2020, Dec 2021, Jun 2024 | 3 | Yes, Q4 |
| Relief, response mechanism, search and rescue | Unit 7 | Dec 2023, Jun 2025, Dec 2025 | 3 | No |
| Reconstruction funding, insurance and recovery | Unit 9 | Jun 2024, Jun 2025, Dec 2025 | 3 | Yes, Q6 |
| Role of central, state and district administration | Unit 5 | Jun 2024, Dec 2025 | 2 | Yes, Q3 |
| Indigenous knowledge and coping strategies | Unit 12 | Dec 2023, Dec 2024 | 2 | No |
| Odisha Super Cyclone 1999 and OSDMA | Unit 15 | Jun 2024 | 1 | Yes, Q8 |
| Hyogo Framework and global strategies | Unit 14 | Dec 2025 | 1 | No |
The June 2024 paper is the closest match: its Questions 2, 3, 4 and 8 return almost word for word in June 2026. For December 2026 revision, our IGNOU Important Questions page pairs this table with the topics that were skipped this time, mainly climate change and disasters and development.
Counts include short-note parts. Question 8(b) of December 2024 and June 2025 could not be read in the official archive copy, so those two parts are not counted.
How Our BPAG 171 Answers Are Written and Checked
Every BPAG 171 Disaster Management answer is written against the IGNOU course book unit it comes from, then checked for facts, length and structure before release.
Each answer opens with a definition in course-book language, moves through numbered heads an examiner can tick off, and closes with a short conclusion. The 400-word guide is respected, because longer answers cost time you need for the fifth question.
Facts are checked line by line: the Disaster Management Act, 2005, the NDMA, SDMA and DDMA structure, the National Disaster Management Plan, 2016 figures, and dates such as Bhopal 1984, Orissa 1999 and Bhuj 2001. Answers are drafted by Prateek Talwar's team and reviewed by Sheetal Kirola.
BPAG 171 Solved File Index Question by Question
The full BPAG 171 file answers all 8 June 2026 questions: 2 are on this page and 6 are in the WhatsApp file only.
| Q | Question as printed | Section | Course unit | Where to read it |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Discuss the various types of man-made disasters. | I | Units 1 and 3 (Block 1) | On this page |
| 2 | Write a note on vulnerability profile of India. | I | Unit 4 (Block 1) | On this page |
| 3 | Analyse the role of central and state governments in disaster management. | I | Unit 5 (Block 2) | Full file only |
| 4 | Explain the various types of preparedness. | I | Unit 6 (Block 2) | Full file only |
| 5 | Explain the various dimensions of damage assessment. | II | Unit 8 (Block 2) | Full file only |
| 6 | What are the major problems in the area of disaster recovery ? Explain. | II | Unit 9 (Block 2) | Full file only |
| 7 | Discuss the community-based disaster management plan for effective disaster management. | II | Unit 13 (Block 4) | Full file only |
| 8 | Describe the impacts of Orissa Super Cyclone, 1999 and establishment of the Odisha State Disaster Management Authority. | II | Unit 15 (Block 4) | Full file only |
BPAG-171 is a theory course with no practical or record work, so the file is indexed by question and unit instead. If you are building a full set for your programme, the BAPAH Question Paper page groups the other Public Administration courses.
Programmes That Carry BPAG 171 Disaster Management
BPAG 171 Disaster Management is printed for four programmes on the June 2026 paper and is also offered as a generic elective to IGNOU BA Honours learners from other disciplines.
Most buyers of this file are in the Bachelor of Arts (Honours) Public Administration programme, but the same paper is written by BAG, BAM and BAFPA learners in the same exam slot.
| Programme | Code | How BPAG-171 appears |
|---|---|---|
| Bachelor of Arts (Honours) Public Administration | BAPAH | Printed first on the June 2026 paper header |
| Bachelor of Arts (General) | BAG | Printed on the paper; assignment booklet 2025-26 issued for BAG |
| Bachelor of Arts (Multidisciplinary) | BAM | Printed on the paper; separate BAM assignment booklet 2025-26 |
| Bachelor of Arts (Major) Public Administration | BAFPA | Printed on the paper and on the 2026-27 assignment booklet |
| Bachelor of Arts (Honours) Psychology | BAPCH | Listed by eGyanKosh as a Semester I generic elective |
You can confirm the generic elective listing on the official eGyanKosh BAPCH Semester I generic elective page, which carries BPAG-171 in English and Hindi.
Get the Full BPAG 171 Solved Question Paper on WhatsApp
Send BPAG 171 June 2026 to WhatsApp 9899436384 and you receive the complete solved PDF with all 8 answers once payment is confirmed.
The complete solved file adds the 6 answers this page holds back, including Question 5 on damage assessment, the most repeated topic in the course, and Question 8 on the Orissa Super Cyclone and OSDMA.
Our team replies on the same chat with the price and payment options. There is no sign-up and no app to install, and the PDF opens on any phone.
BPAG 171 Disaster Management FAQs
These answers cover what students ask us most about the BPAG-171 June 2026 paper and the solved file.
What is the BPAG 171 Solved Question Paper for June 2026?
It is the official IGNOU June 2026 BPAG-171 Disaster Management term-end paper with complete answers written by our subject team for all 8 questions. Each answer runs to about 400 words, the length the paper itself asks for, and is mapped to its course unit. This page shows Questions 1 and 2 in full, and the other 6 answers are in the WhatsApp file.
How do I get the full BPAG 171 Disaster Management solved file on WhatsApp?
Message WhatsApp 9899436384 with the code BPAG 171 and the words June 2026. Our team replies with the price and payment details, and the complete PDF is shared on the same chat once payment is confirmed. The file answers all 8 questions of the paper: the 2 shown on this page plus the 6 that are not published anywhere on our website.
Which BPAG 171 questions are answered only in the full file?
Questions 3 to 8 of the June 2026 paper are answered only in the full file. They cover the role of central and state governments, types of preparedness, dimensions of damage assessment, problems in disaster recovery, the community-based disaster management plan, and the 1999 Orissa Super Cyclone with the setting up of OSDMA. This page lists their exact wording only.
How many questions must I attempt in the BPAG 171 exam?
You must attempt any five of the eight questions in the BPAG-171 term-end exam, choosing at least two from each section. Section I holds Questions 1 to 4 and Section II holds Questions 5 to 8. Every question carries 20 marks, so the paper totals 100 marks over 3 hours, and each answer should be about 400 words long.
Which BPAG 171 Disaster Management topics repeat most often?
Damage assessment is the most dependable BPAG-171 topic: it appeared in 6 of the 7 official papers we checked and came back as Question 5 in June 2026. Disasters and development and the hazard, risk and vulnerability unit also appeared 6 times each, while community-based disaster management, climate change and the Disaster Management Act framework came up 5 times each.
How many blocks and units does BPAG 171 Disaster Management have?
BPAG-171 Disaster Management is a six-credit course divided into 4 blocks and 15 units. Block 1 introduces disasters and India's profile, Block 2 covers the Act, the management cycle, relief, damage assessment and recovery, Block 3 links disasters with climate change and development, and Block 4 deals with indigenous knowledge, community-based management, global strategies and Indian case studies.
Is the June 2026 BPAG 171 paper similar to earlier papers?
Yes, it is very close to the June 2024 BPAG-171 paper. Four June 2026 questions mirror that paper: India's vulnerability profile, the role of central and state governments, types of preparedness and the Odisha Super Cyclone with OSDMA. Only the question on problems in disaster recovery took a new angle, because earlier papers asked about funding for reconstruction from the same Unit 9.
Who writes and checks the BPAG 171 answers at Unnati Educations?
Answers in the BPAG-171 file are written by our subject team led by Prateek Talwar and reviewed by Sheetal Kirola before release. Every answer is checked against the IGNOU course book, including unit wording, the Disaster Management Act, 2005 and dates such as Bhopal 1984 and Bhuj 2001, so the facts you write in the exam match what evaluators expect.
Written by Prateek Talwar. Reviewed by Sheetal Kirola. Last updated October 2026.