BSOC-131 Solved Question Paper June 2026 gives exam-length answers to all 8 questions of the IGNOU Introduction to Sociology term-end paper held in June 2026.
BSOC-131 Introduction to Sociology key facts for the June 2026 solved paper
- Course code: BSOC-131
- Course title: Introduction to Sociology
- Programme: Bachelor of Arts (General) (BAG), sociology discipline core course, Semester I; the June 2026 paper is printed under BAG
- Credits: 6
- Blocks / units: 3 blocks and 13 units (1 + 5 + 7)
- Maximum marks: 100
- Duration: 3 hours
- Questions in the paper: 8 questions of 20 marks; attempt any 5. Q8 is short notes on any two of four terms (10 + 10)
- Choice rule: any 5 of 8; no sections since June 2023 (December 2021 to December 2022 papers had Section I and II with at least two answers from each)
- Marks split: 8 × 20 = 160 printed; 5 × 20 = 100 attempted
- Printed word limit: about 400 words per 20-mark answer, about 200 words per short note
- Paper language: English and Hindi
- Assessment weightage: term-end exam 70%, assignments 30%
- Samples shown on this page: 2 (Q1 and Q2)
- Answers in the paid file: All 8, including 6 not shown on this page, with all four Q8 short notes
What the BSOC-131 Solved Question Paper June 2026 covers
BSOC-131 Introduction to Sociology is the 6-credit Semester I sociology core course of IGNOU's Bachelor of Arts (General), studied across 3 blocks and 13 units on eGyanKosh. As a Semester I course, it sets the base for later sociology courses such as sociological theory and research methods.
The June 2026 BSOC-131 Question Paper asked eight 20-mark questions, and students had to attempt any five in about 400 words each. This session leaned on thinkers: Radcliffe-Brown's idea of social anthropology as comparative sociology, Merton's middle range theory and Cooley's looking glass self all appeared, alongside regular topics like community, culture change and primary versus secondary groups.
Our solved file answers every question in the 400-word shape the paper asks for, with an introduction, headed body points, thinkers and dates, and a short conclusion. Q8 asks for short notes on any two of four terms, and the file covers all four (multiculturalism, role set, norms and political capital), so you can choose the two you understand best.
BSOC-131 sample answers: Radcliffe-Brown and middle range theory
Two June 2026 answers are shown in full below (Q1 and Q2); the other 6 questions are answered only in the full file.
These two answers show exactly how every answer in the file is written. Q1 tests Block 1 and Block 2 thinking on sociology and social anthropology, and Q2 tests Merton, a name many BAG students skip. Read them as you would read your own exam script.
Question 1 (20 marks)
Q1 20 marks Units 1 and 2 Sociology and anthropology: 5 of 9 earlier papers
'Social anthropology is comparative sociology.' Explain with reference to the viewpoint of Radcliffe-Brown. 20
Introduction. A. R. Radcliffe-Brown (1881 to 1955) was a British social anthropologist who, along with Bronislaw Malinowski, built the functionalist school of anthropology. He described social anthropology as "comparative sociology". By this he meant that social anthropology is not a separate hobby of collecting strange customs. It is a branch of sociology that studies simpler, small-scale societies and compares them to reach general statements about human society.
Background of his view. Radcliffe-Brown was strongly influenced by Emile Durkheim. His fieldwork in the Andaman Islands (1906 to 1908) led to The Andaman Islanders (1922). He rejected the "conjectural history" of the evolutionists and diffusionists, because the past of non-literate peoples cannot be reliably known. Instead, he said, a society should be studied as it works now, at one point in time.
Social anthropology as a natural science of society. In lectures given at Chicago in 1937, later published as A Natural Science of Society (1957), he argued that society can be studied with the logic of the natural sciences: careful observation, classification, comparison and generalisation. The aim is to discover regularities, not just to describe one tribe.
Key concepts behind the claim.
- Social structure: the network of actually existing social relations between persons. Individuals change, but the structural form of relations continues.
- Function: the contribution a partial activity makes to the total activity of which it is a part. A funeral rite, for example, is studied for how it maintains the continuity of the social structure.
- Organic analogy: like a living body, a society has structure and a life process, and each part contributes to the whole.
The comparative method in practice. In his 1951 Huxley Memorial Lecture, The Comparative Method in Social Anthropology, he took the Eaglehawk and Crow moieties of Aboriginal Australia. Similar paired divisions named after animals appear in many regions. Comparing them showed a general principle of "opposition": groups that are linked to each other and yet opposed. This is how comparison moves from a local custom to a general law.
Why it is "comparative sociology".
- Its subject matter is the same as sociology: social relations, social structure and social institutions.
- The difference lies mainly in the field, which is simpler, small-scale societies.
- Ethnography supplies the data, while comparison of many societies supplies the theory.
- Its goal is general laws, which places it within sociology rather than history.
Criticism. E. E. Evans-Pritchard, in his 1950 Marett Lecture, argued that social anthropology is closer to history and the humanities, seeking interpretation rather than laws. Others found Radcliffe-Brown's model static, with little room for conflict and change.
Conclusion. Radcliffe-Brown's view joined anthropology and sociology into one comparative science of society. In India, his student M. N. Srinivas carried this structural approach into the study of Coorg society, which shows how deeply the idea shaped Indian sociology too.
Length check: this answer runs to about 470 words, past the printed 400 and well past the 340 to 370 words a 31-minute hand-written answer allows. It is written for revision, so it has more points than you need. In the hall, keep the introduction, the rejection of conjectural history, social structure and function, the Eaglehawk and Crow comparison and the four reasons it is comparative sociology; the Chicago lectures, the organic analogy and the Srinivas line are the first to drop.
Question 2 (20 marks)
Q2 20 marks Unit 12 Functionalism: 6 of 9 earlier papers
What do you understand by 'middle range theory'? Explain its significance in sociology. 20
Introduction. Middle range theory is an idea of the American sociologist Robert K. Merton (1910 to 2003). He set it out in Social Theory and Social Structure (first published 1949, enlarged 1968). It refers to theories that sit between small working hypotheses used in daily research and very broad attempts to build one unified theory that explains all social behaviour.
Why Merton proposed it. In the late 1940s and 1950s American sociology was pulled in two directions. On one side was grand theory, best seen in Talcott Parsons's The Social System (1951), which tried to explain the whole social order at a very abstract level. On the other side was raw empiricism, which piled up facts with little theory. Merton felt that neither helped sociology grow as a science.
Main features of middle range theory.
- It deals with a limited, clearly defined part of social life, not society as a whole.
- It stays close to observable data, so its claims can be tested.
- It is built from a small set of concepts that can be measured.
- Several such theories can later be joined into wider theory, step by step.
Examples from Merton's own work.
- Anomie and deviance: in Social Structure and Anomie (1938), he linked deviance to a gap between cultural goals and legitimate means, and listed five modes of adaptation: conformity, innovation, ritualism, retreatism and rebellion.
- Reference group and relative deprivation: drawing on The American Soldier (1949) studies, he showed that people judge their position by comparing themselves with chosen groups.
- Self-fulfilling prophecy (1948): a false definition of a situation produces behaviour that makes it come true.
- Manifest and latent functions, and his work on role-set, are further examples.
Significance in sociology.
- Bridges theory and research: it tells researchers what to look for and lets findings correct theory.
- Cumulative knowledge: like the natural sciences, sociology can grow by adding tested theories one by one.
- Practical value: it guides studies of organisations, crime, education and science itself.
- Wide use: reference group theory, for instance, is often used to explain why groups imitate the customs of higher-ranked groups, as in Sanskritisation in India.
Criticism. Supporters of grand theory say middle range theories break sociology into small pieces with no shared framework. Others feel the line between "middle" and "grand" is not always clear.
Conclusion. Middle range theory gave sociology a practical path: theories modest enough to test, yet general enough to explain patterns. That balance is why it remains one of Merton's most lasting contributions.
Length check: this answer runs to about 410 words, just over the printed 400 and above the 340 to 370 words a 31-minute hand-written answer allows. If time is short, keep the definition, why Merton proposed it, the anomie and reference-group examples and three significance points; the self-fulfilling prophecy and the criticism can shrink to one line each.
BSOC-131 questions answered only in the full file
The remaining six questions of the June 2026 paper are printed below exactly as they appear. Their answers are in the paid file only.
Q3 What is a social group? Explain the differences between primary group and secondary group. 20
Q4 Discuss the main agents of socialization. 20
Q5 What is Cooley's looking glass self theory? Explain. 20
Q6 What is culture change? Explain the processes by which cultures [culture] change takes place in society. 20
Q7 What do you understand by 'community'? Outline its main characteristics. 20
Q8 Write short notes on any two of the following: 10 × 2 = 20
(i) Multiculturalism
(ii) Role set
(iii) Norms
(iv) Political capital
BSOC-131 Introduction to Sociology syllabus: 3 blocks and 13 units
BSOC-131 Introduction to Sociology has 3 blocks and 13 units on eGyanKosh, moving from the birth of the discipline to its neighbouring sciences and then to its core concepts.
Block 3 is the heaviest, with seven units, and it supplied six of the eight June 2026 questions. The block titles and unit titles below are taken from the official BSOC-131 course page on eGyanKosh.
| Block | Unit | Key topics to prepare |
|---|---|---|
| Block 1: Nature and Scope of Sociology | Unit 1 Emergence of Sociology and Social Anthropology | Industrial and French revolutions, Comte and Durkheim, phases of social anthropology |
| Block 2: Relationship of Sociology with other Social Sciences | Unit 2 Relationship of Sociology with Anthropology | Radcliffe-Brown, Malinowski, fieldwork tradition, Indian sociology and anthropology |
| Unit 3 Relationship of Sociology with Psychology | Social psychology, individual and group behaviour, shared methods | |
| Unit 4 Relationship of Sociology with History | Historical sociology, use of records, past and present societies | |
| Unit 5 Relationship of Sociology with Economics | Economic sociology, markets as social institutions, shared issues | |
| Unit 6 Relationship of Sociology with Political Science | Political sociology versus sociology of politics, power, state | |
| Block 3: Basic Concepts | Unit 7 Culture and Society | Elements of culture, ethnocentrism, subculture, culture change |
| Unit 8 Social Groups and Community | Primary and secondary groups, reference group, features of community | |
| Unit 9 Organisations and Institutions | Formal organisation, Etzioni, perspectives on social institutions | |
| Unit 10 Status and Role | Ascribed and achieved status, role strain, role set | |
| Unit 11 Socialisation | Agencies, Cooley and Mead on the self, anticipatory socialisation | |
| Unit 12 Structure and Function | Radcliffe-Brown, Malinowski, Parsons, Merton's functional analysis | |
| Unit 13 Social Control and Change | Formal and informal control, agencies, evolutionary theories of change |
Block split of the June 2026 questions: Blocks 1 and 2 (6 units) = 1 essay (Q1); Block 3 (7 units) = 6 essays (Q2 to Q7) plus three of the four Q8 terms (multiculturalism, norms, role set). Counting Q8, Block 3 supplied 7 of the 8 questions.
Unit coverage: the seven essays came from only five units, 2 (Q1), 7 (Q6), 8 (Q3 and Q7), 11 (Q4 and Q5) and 12 (Q2). Units 3, 4, 5, 6, 9 and 13 gave no essay, and Unit 10 appeared only as the role-set short note.
Block arithmetic: Block 3 alone answered the paper with two to spare, since Q2 to Q7 and Q8 (three of its four terms) all come from it. Blocks 1 and 2 together gave only Q1, plus at most one Q8 term, so they could not supply even two answers.
BSOC-131 June 2026 paper pattern and marks
The June 2026 BSOC-131 paper had 8 questions of 20 marks each, and students answered any 5 in about 400 words each, for 100 marks in 3 hours.
The pattern has shifted over the years. The December 2021, June 2022 and December 2022 papers were split into Section I and Section II, with at least two answers required from each, and two of them asked for 500 words. From June 2023 onwards the sections were dropped, and from June 2025 a short-notes question was added as the last question.
| Part of paper | What it asks | Marks | Expected length |
|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 and Q2 | Thinker-based essays: Radcliffe-Brown, Merton | 20 each | About 400 words |
| Q3, Q4 and Q5 | Groups and socialisation: primary and secondary groups, agents, Cooley | 20 each | About 400 words |
| Q6 and Q7 | Culture change and community | 20 each | About 400 words |
| Q8 | Short notes on any two of four terms | 10 + 10 | About 200 words per note |
| Whole paper | Attempt any five of eight, all carry equal marks | 100 | 3 hours |
The term-end exam carries 70% weightage in your final BSOC-131 result, and the three assignments carry 30%, as stated in the course assignment booklet.
Your other Semester I papers follow a similar 20-mark essay style, and you can see them together in our BAG Question Paper collection.
Printed 8 × 20 = 160 marks; attempted 5 × 20 = 100. Three questions are spare.
Is 400 words achievable? 180 minutes ÷ 5 answers = 36 minutes each. Keep about 5 minutes per answer for reading and planning, and 31 minutes at 11 to 12 handwritten words a minute gives roughly 340 to 370 words. The printed 400 (20 words a mark) is a fair upper target and matches BSOC-101 and BSOC-103. The 500-word limit on two of the older sectioned papers was not achievable in the same 36 minutes.
Q8 gives the widest choice: any two of four terms, each about 200 words, for the same 20 marks. Three of the four terms come from Block 3.
BSOC-131 important questions topics that keep coming back
Across nine official papers from December 2021 to December 2025, social institutions and organisation were asked as full 20-mark questions in 8 sessions, followed by status and role and culture in 7 each.
We read every IGNOU BSOC-131 Question Paper published on IGNOU's own website for these nine sessions and grouped each 20-mark question by topic. Short notes are mentioned separately so the counts stay honest. If you want a ready shortlist for your next exam, see our IGNOU Solved Guess Paper.
| Topic (unit) | Sessions where a 20-mark question was asked | Count | Link to June 2026 paper |
|---|---|---|---|
| Social institutions and organisation (Unit 9) | Dec 2021, Jun 2022, Dec 2022, Jun 2023, Dec 2023, Jun 2024, Jun 2025, Dec 2025 | 8 of 9 | Skipped in June 2026, so expect it back |
| Status and role (Unit 10) | Dec 2021, Jun 2022, Jun 2023, Jun 2024, Dec 2024, Jun 2025, Dec 2025 | 7 of 9 | Role set returns as a Q8 short note |
| Culture, its elements and ethnocentrism (Unit 7) | Dec 2021, Jun 2022, Dec 2022, Jun 2023, Jun 2024, Dec 2024, Jun 2025 | 7 of 9 | Q6 culture change, plus multiculturalism and norms in Q8 |
| Functionalism: Parsons, Malinowski, Radcliffe-Brown (Unit 12) | Dec 2021, Jun 2022, Jun 2023, Dec 2023, Jun 2024, Jun 2025 | 6 of 9 | Q1 on Radcliffe-Brown and Q2 on Merton |
| Sociology and social anthropology (Units 1 and 2) | Jun 2022, Dec 2023, Jun 2024, Dec 2024, Jun 2025 | 5 of 9 | Q1 asks it through Radcliffe-Brown |
| Community (Unit 8) | Dec 2021, Jun 2022, Jun 2023, Jun 2024, Dec 2025 | 5 of 9 | Q7 asks its characteristics again |
| Social groups: classification, primary and secondary, reference group (Unit 8) | Dec 2022, Dec 2023, Dec 2024, Jun 2025, Dec 2025 | 5 of 9 | Q3 repeats the June 2025 primary and secondary group question |
| Social change and its theories (Unit 13) | Dec 2021, Dec 2022, Dec 2023, Dec 2024, Jun 2025 | 5 of 9 | Not asked in June 2026 |
| Emergence of sociology (Unit 1) | Dec 2021, Dec 2022, Jun 2024, Dec 2025 | 4 of 9 | Not asked in June 2026 |
| Sociology and history, historical sociology (Unit 4) | Jun 2022, Dec 2022, Dec 2023, Jun 2024 | 4 of 9 | Not asked in June 2026 |
| Socialisation and the self (Unit 11) | Jun 2023, Dec 2023 | 2 of 9 | Q4 agents and Q5 Cooley; also short notes in Jun 2025 and Dec 2025 |
Sessions used: December 2021, June 2022, December 2022, June 2023, December 2023, June 2024, December 2024, June 2025 and December 2025. Papers from June 2021 and earlier were not included in this count.
The pattern is clear. Block 3 concepts, especially institutions, groups, community, culture and status, return almost every session, while each Block 2 relationship unit is asked roughly every second paper. Cooley's looking glass self looked new in June 2026, yet Mead's theory of the self from the same unit was asked in December 2023.
Hit rate: 6 of the 11 tracked topics came back as a full 20-mark question in June 2026 = 55%. Counting the role-set short note, 7 of 11 = 64%, but that return is a 10-mark optional note, not an essay.
Biggest miss: social institutions and organisation, the most-asked topic in the course at 8 of 9, got nothing. Status and role, at 7 of 9, got only half of one optional question.
Two signals agree: Units 9 (institutions), 13 (social change), 4 (history) and 10 (status and role, note only) are the dead or half-used units of June 2026, and they hold four of the five tracked topics June 2026 skipped or cut down.
Socialisation, at only 2 of 9 earlier papers, took two full essays (Q4 and Q5), and Unit 8 also took two (Q3 and Q7). Q3 repeats June 2025's primary versus secondary group question in consecutive June papers.
Session split (4 June and 5 December papers in the window): no tracked topic scores zero on either side, so no topic is locked to one session. Social change appeared in 4 of the 5 December papers; functionalism in all 4 June papers. Both samples on this page (Q1 and Q2) draw on topics asked in both sessions.
December 2026 shortlist: what June 2026 left out
- Social institutions and organisation (Unit 9). 8 of 9 earlier papers, the most-asked topic in BSOC-131, and Unit 9 gave nothing in June 2026. Prepare formal organisation, Etzioni and the perspectives on institutions.
- Status and role (Unit 10). 7 of 9 earlier papers, cut down in June 2026 to the role-set short note. Ascribed and achieved status, role strain and role conflict are untested.
- Social change and its theories (Unit 13). 5 of 9 earlier papers, including 4 of the 5 December papers, and Unit 13 was dead in June 2026.
- Emergence of sociology (Unit 1). 4 of 9 earlier papers. June 2026 touched Unit 1 only through the anthropology side of Q1.
- Sociology and history (Unit 4). 4 of 9 earlier papers. Block 2 gave only Q1 in June 2026, so Units 3 to 6 were all left out.
Coverage: these five come from Units 1, 4, 9, 10 and 13. Add culture (7 of 9) and functionalism (6 of 9), and a student has seven prepared areas for a five-answer paper.
How our BSOC-131 answers are written and checked
Each BSOC-131 answer is written by our sociology team from the official IGNOU paper and the eGyanKosh units, then reviewed by our reviewer before it goes into the file.
Our IGNOU BSOC-131 Solved Question Paper starts from the June 2026 paper as printed by IGNOU. We map every question to its unit, and write the answer in the 400-word form the examiner expects. Thinker answers carry names, book titles and years, such as Radcliffe-Brown's The Andaman Islanders (1922) or Merton's Social Theory and Social Structure (1949), because these details lift marks in BSOC-131.
Before writing, the team studied the nine earlier papers listed above, so an answer on community or primary groups also covers the angles IGNOU used in December 2021, June 2023 and June 2025. Answers are drafted by Prateek Talwar's team and reviewed by Sheetal Kirola, reviewer (M.Ed.), who checks facts, dates and unit coverage. Answers are in English.
BSOC-131 solved file index: all 8 June 2026 questions
BSOC-131 is a theory-only course with no practical record, so this index lists each June 2026 question, its eGyanKosh unit and where its answer sits.
| Question | Topic | Unit | Answer available |
|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 | Radcliffe-Brown: social anthropology as comparative sociology | Units 1 and 2 | On this page |
| Q2 | Merton's middle range theory and its significance | Unit 12 Structure and Function | On this page |
| Q3 | Social group; primary versus secondary group | Unit 8 Social Groups and Community | Full file only |
| Q4 | Main agents of socialization | Unit 11 Socialisation | Full file only |
| Q5 | Cooley's looking glass self | Unit 11 Socialisation | Full file only |
| Q6 | Culture change and its processes | Unit 7 Culture and Society | Full file only |
| Q7 | Community and its characteristics | Unit 8 Social Groups and Community | Full file only |
| Q8 | Short notes: multiculturalism, role set, norms, political capital (all four answered) | Units 7, 10 and Block 2 | Full file only |
Need the paper itself before you buy? Every past BSOC-131 Question Paper can be opened from our IGNOU Previous Year Question Paper section, so you can compare sessions side by side.
Programmes that study BSOC-131 Introduction to Sociology
BSOC-131 Introduction to Sociology is listed under IGNOU's Bachelor of Arts (General), sociology discipline, Semester I, and the same course code appears in other IGNOU bachelor programmes.
- BAG: IGNOU Bachelor of Arts (General), sociology discipline core course, Semester I. This is the programme printed on the June 2026 paper.
- BAMSAPS: Bachelor of Arts (Applied Skills) Micro Small and Medium Enterprises, where BSOC-131 is offered as a sociology course.
- BAAUD: IGNOU has also issued a BSOC-131 assignment booklet for the Bachelor of Arts Applied Urdu programme for the July 2024 and January 2025 sessions.
The paper and answers are identical for every programme because IGNOU sets one BSOC-131 paper per session, so the same file serves BAG, BAMSAPS and BAAUD learners.
How to get the full BSOC-131 Solved Question Paper on WhatsApp
Send a WhatsApp message to 9899436384 and our team will share the price and send the complete BSOC-131 Solved Question Paper with answers to all 8 questions.
The full file holds the 2 answers you read above plus the 6 not shown here: social groups, agents of socialization, Cooley's looking glass self, culture change, community and all four Q8 short notes. Pair it with our BSOC-131 Study Material if you want unit-wise notes as well.
How it works: message us on WhatsApp 9899436384 with the code BSOC 131 and the June 2026 session, confirm the price we share, make the payment, and the PDF reaches you on the same WhatsApp chat.
BSOC-131 Introduction to Sociology FAQs
How can I get the full BSOC-131 Solved Question Paper June 2026?
Message us on WhatsApp at 9899436384 with the course code BSOC 131 and the June 2026 session. Our team shares the price, and once payment is confirmed the complete PDF is sent on the same chat. The file answers all 8 questions of the paper: the 2 sample answers on this page plus the 6 remaining ones, including all four short notes asked in Q8.
How many questions are in the BSOC-131 June 2026 question paper?
The BSOC-131 June 2026 paper has 8 questions of 20 marks each, and you must answer any five in about 400 words. Questions 1 to 7 are essays, while Question 8 asks for short notes on any two of four terms: multiculturalism, role set, norms and political capital. The paper is for 100 marks and lasts 3 hours.
Which BSOC-131 answers are shown on this page?
This page shows complete answers to Q1, on Radcliffe-Brown's view that social anthropology is comparative sociology, and Q2, on Merton's middle range theory and its significance. Both follow the 400-word exam structure with an introduction, headed points, thinkers with dates and a conclusion. The other six BSOC-131 questions appear on this page as question text only.
Which BSOC-131 topics are repeated most in IGNOU exams?
In nine IGNOU papers from December 2021 to December 2025, social institutions and organisation came up in 8 sessions, while status and role and culture came up in 7 each. Functionalist thinkers, community, social groups, social change and social anthropology also return often. In June 2026, community came back again and the primary versus secondary group question repeated from June 2025.
How many blocks and units does BSOC-131 Introduction to Sociology have?
BSOC-131 Introduction to Sociology has 3 blocks and 13 units on eGyanKosh. Block 1 covers the nature and scope of sociology, Block 2 covers its relationship with anthropology, psychology, history, economics and political science, and Block 3 covers basic concepts such as culture, groups, status and role, socialisation, structure and function, and social control and change.
Is BSOC-131 a 6-credit course in IGNOU?
Yes, BSOC-131 Introduction to Sociology is a six-credit core course. Its assignment booklet asks students to submit three tutor-marked assignments, which together carry 30 percent weightage in the final result. The term-end examination carries the remaining 70 percent, so a strong written paper matters most for passing BSOC-131 with good marks in BAG.
Are the BSOC-131 answers in English or Hindi?
The BSOC-131 Solved Question Paper answers are written in English, in simple language that suits first-semester BAG students. The question paper itself is bilingual, printed in English and Hindi, but our solved file follows the English wording. If you write your exam in Hindi, you can still use the structure, thinkers and points from each English answer.
Is the BSOC-131 paper the same for BAG and BAMSAPS students?
Yes, IGNOU sets one BSOC-131 Introduction to Sociology paper per session, so students of BAG, BAMSAPS and any other programme carrying this course sit the same June 2026 paper. That means our solved file works for every programme listed on this page. Only your enrolment number and exam centre differ, not the questions or the marks.
Who prepared these BSOC-131 answers
The BSOC-131 answers on this page and in the full file were written by the Unnati Educations sociology team from the official June 2026 paper, the 13 eGyanKosh units of the course and nine earlier BSOC-131 papers from December 2021 to December 2025.
Prateek Talwar, Academic Head at Unnati Educations, led the analysis on this page: mapping the seven June 2026 essays to just five units, showing that Block 3 alone could answer the paper while Blocks 1 and 2 gave only Q1, separating full-question returns from the role-set short note (55% against 64%), lining up the dead Units 9, 13 and 4 with the skipped topics, and building the December 2026 shortlist led by social institutions at 8 of 9.
Sheetal Kirola reviewed the page. She checked every row of the repeat table against the sessions listed, the corrected block count (six essays from Block 3, not five), and the dates and titles in both samples: Radcliffe-Brown (1881 to 1955), The Andaman Islanders (1922), the 1937 Chicago lectures published in 1957, the 1951 Huxley Memorial Lecture, Evans-Pritchard's 1950 Marett Lecture, Merton (1910 to 2003), Social Theory and Social Structure (1949, 1968), "Social Structure and Anomie" (1938), The American Soldier (1949) and the self-fulfilling prophecy (1948).