MPA 014 Human Resource Management at a Glance
- Course code and title: MPA-014, Human Resource Management
- Programme: M.A. Public Administration (MPA), First Year, School of Social Sciences
- Units in the syllabus: 20 units (Unit 1 to Unit 20)
- Questions solved in the file: 25
- Samples shown on this page: 5 (remaining 20 are inside the file)
- Exam duration and marks: 3 hours, 100 marks
- Term-End Examination weightage: 70 per cent
- Attempt rule: any 5 questions out of 10, at least 2 from each Section
- Word limit printed on the paper: about 500 words per answer
- Sessions studied: 6 papers, December 2023 to June 2026
- Target session: December 2026 Term-End Examination
MPA 014 Solved Guess Paper is a 29-page PDF built for students of MPA-014 Human Resource Management who have limited days left and need to know exactly which topics to write and how to write them. It carries 25 questions, each answered to the 500-word limit that the question paper itself states, with the unit number, the priority tag and the sessions in which that topic has already been asked printed on top of every answer.
The file belongs to the first year of M.A. Public Administration (First Year), where MPA-014 sits alongside MPA-011, MPA-012 and MPA-013. Most learners in this programme are working people who study late at night, so the answers avoid heavy textbook language and stay close to how a real exam answer is written in three hours.
1. What the MPA 014 Solved Guess Paper Covers for Human Resource Management
The file contains 25 questions with full written answers, drawn from all 20 units of MPA-014, with each answer carrying its unit number, a priority tag and the list of sessions in which that topic has already appeared.
Nothing in the file is a bare list of topics. Each of the 25 entries opens with the question phrased the way IGNOU phrases it, then gives the answer under headings, then closes with a two or three line conclusion. That closing line matters more than students think, because it tells the examiner the answer is finished rather than abandoned.
The coverage is deliberately wide rather than narrow. Section I of the paper draws from the early units on the meaning of HRM, strategic HRM, manpower planning, job analysis, recruitment, appraisal, remuneration, incentives and employee benefits. Section II draws from training, redeployment, learning, management development, capacity building, quality, health and safety, participation, industrial relations, discipline and effectiveness assessment.
Because you only have to attempt five questions, twenty-five answers give you a very large cushion. Students who have used our IGNOU Solved Guess Paper files in earlier sessions usually report that six or seven of their prepared topics turned up on the paper, which is far more than the five they needed.
One thing the file is honest about. Two topics that have been appearing as Question 9 and Question 10 in recent MPA-014 papers, Human Resource Audit and change at the workplace, do not sit inside Units 1 to 20 of the supplied course material. Nothing has been invented for them. That note is printed inside the file itself, and it is explained again in the index section below.
2. 5 Sample Questions with Answers from the MPA 014 Guess Paper
Five of the 25 answers are shown below in shortened form, two from Section I topics and three from Section II topics, so you can judge the writing quality before you pay. The remaining 20 answers are inside the full file.
The extracts below are cut down. In the file each of these runs to roughly 500 words with every numbered point written out. What stays the same is the structure, the definition with its source, and the numbered headings.
Sample 1. Meaning, scope and objectives of HRM (Unit 1)
Question. Examine the meaning and scope of Human Resource Management and discuss its objectives, bringing out its significance in the public and private sectors.
Answer extract. Human resource management is the management function that deals with the people side of an organisation. Money and machines return very little on their own; they pay back only when sound people practices support them.
Definition. Flippo (1984) describes it as the planning, organising, directing and controlling of the procurement, development, compensation, integration and maintenance of human resource, so that individual, organisational and social objectives are accomplished.
Features of HRM. It is a pervasive function, a comprehensive function, an integrating mechanism, action oriented, people oriented and a continuous activity rather than a short-term measure.
Scope of HRM. The Indian Institute of Personnel Management puts the scope under three aspects. The personnel aspect covers manpower planning, recruitment, selection, placement, transfer, promotion, training, retrenchment and remuneration. The welfare aspect covers canteens, creches, rest rooms, housing, transport, medical help and safety. The industrial relations aspect covers union and management relations, joint consultation, collective bargaining, grievance redress and settlement of disputes.
Objectives. Four heads are used in the book: societal, organisational, functional and personal objectives.
The full answer continues with significance in the public and private sectors, and a three line conclusion.
Sample 2. Manpower planning, process, relevance and shortcomings (Unit 3)
Question. "Manpower planning is an integral part of Human Resource Management." Discuss the process and relevance of manpower planning and bring out its shortcomings.
Answer extract. Human resource planning, also called manpower planning, is a technique for correcting the imbalance between manpower demand and supply, at the micro level inside an organisation and at the macro level in the economy.
Definition. Gupta (1988) defines manpower as the total knowledge, skills, creative abilities and aptitudes of an organisation's work force, that is, the sum total of inherent abilities and acquired knowledge represented by the talents of the employed persons.
Two aspects. The quantitative aspect deals with how many employees are needed over a period. The qualitative aspect deals with what qualifications are wanted at each level.
Process, eight steps. Stating the manpower plan and objectives, assessing the present manpower situation through an inventory, projecting future requirements through extrapolation, regression or econometric models, classifying and interpreting the information, developing work standards, anticipating manpower problems, costing the inventory and supply, and finally research studies to monitor the plan.
Shortcomings. Diane Steel (2005) points out that manpower planning leans too heavily on quantification, relies on input and output norms that never stay static, and uses data only from the formal employment sector, which limits its usefulness in a country where most people work in agriculture and informal activity.
The full answer adds the seven requirements of effective planning, the advantages, and the conclusion.
Sample 3. Principles of remuneration and salary structure (Unit 7)
Question. Explain the principles of remuneration and the methods of determining salary structure.
Answer extract. Compensation is the broad term for the financial rewards a person receives through the employment relationship. It performs an equity function and a motivational function. A wage is normally an hourly rate, a salary a monthly rate.
Wage levels. The Fair Wage Committee reported in 1948 that three levels exist, minimum, fair and living. Minimum wage is fixed from the point of view of the employee's health and prevents sweating. A living wage is expressed as necessities plus incentives. Capacity to pay applies only to the fair wage.
Principles, ten in number. Structure of emoluments, scales of pay benchmarked outside the industry, social criteria, equal pay for equal work, variations for skill and hazard, the level of consumer prices, the gap between highest and lowest salaries, salaries commensurate with personnel requirement, the employer's capacity to pay, and legislation such as the minimum wage law.
Job evaluation. Miller (1987) states that its purpose is to establish rates of pay for various jobs on an equitable basis, removing chance, favouritism and individual bargaining from wage fixing.
Methods. Non-analytical methods are job ranking and job classification. Analytical methods are factor comparison and the point method, where skill, responsibility, effort and working conditions are split into degrees carrying points.
The full answer explains each of the ten principles and closes with why a fair pay system is investment and not cost.
Sample 4. Employee capacity building strategies (Unit 14)
Question. Explain the objectives, significance, process and strategies of employee capacity building.
Answer extract. Capacity building is the development of an organisation's core skills and capabilities, such as leadership, management, finance and fund raising, in order to build the organisation's effectiveness and sustainability.
Two components. Organisational capacity building means technical updating through periodic review and development of human capital through education and training. Human capacity building helps an individual or a group identify key areas of development and use their capacity more fully.
Objectives. The National AHEC Leadership Conference on Capacity Building Needs and Strategies, held on 20 August 2003 at Portland, listed prioritising areas for improvement, developing specific outcomes with strategies and tactics, identifying the resources required, implementing, evaluating what worked and what did not, and beginning again with suitable modifications.
Process. The Beijing Initiative on APEC Human Capacity Building of 15 and 16 May 2001 stressed promoting overall human capacity building, setting up a lifelong learning society, and strengthening managerial and employee training.
Strategies, six in number. Decentralisation, delegation, quality and innovation, technical capacity building, promoting openness and networking through instruments such as the Right to Information Act, and a management information system.
The full answer adds the six points on significance and the social dialogue reference by Venkataratnam and Tomoda (2005).
Sample 5. Assessing HRM effectiveness and the Four C's model (Unit 20)
Question. Discuss the purposes of assessing HRM effectiveness, explain the Four C's model and describe the levels and bases of effectiveness standards.
Answer extract. Peter Drucker (1973) separated efficiency from effectiveness. Efficiency is doing things right and converts inputs into outputs. Effectiveness is doing the right things and produces outputs that yield the desired outcomes.
Definition. Reddin (1970) holds that managerial effectiveness has to be defined in terms of output rather than input, by what a manager achieves rather than by what he does.
The Four C's model. Beer, Spector, Lawrence, Mills and Walton (1985) proposed four tests. Competence asks how capable the personnel are and whether HRM policy attracts the skills needed now and later. Commitment is traced through interviews and through records on voluntary retirement, absenteeism and grievances.
Congruence asks whether the goals of the organisation and its people agree, since incongruence surfaces as strikes and conflicts. Cost effectiveness asks whether HR policy is economical in terms of pay, turnover, absenteeism, strikes and benefits.
Effectiveness standards. Reddin gives three levels, corporate standards set by the top team, departmental or divisional standards, and managerial standards tied to one position.
The full answer lists the six purposes of assessment and the sound against unsound objectives table.
These 5 samples are part of the same 25. The other 20 answers, including strategic HRM, job design, recruitment steps, performance appraisal, MBO, incentives, pension, training methods, redeployment, learning, management development, total quality management, health and safety, workers' participation, collective bargaining, industrial relations and civil service discipline, are supplied in the full file.
Want all 25 answers? Message us on WhatsApp.
Get the MPA-014 guess paper on WhatsApp 98994363843. Complete Question Index of the MPA 014 Human Resource Management Guess Paper
All 25 questions in the MPA-014 file are listed below with their unit number, the sessions in which the topic has already been asked, and the priority tag; every question in the file is written for 20 marks.
Use this index as a checklist. Tick a row once you can reproduce its headings from memory. Students who pair this index with an IGNOU Previous Year Question Paper set and rewrite two answers a day usually finish the whole file in under a fortnight.
| Q | Question focus | Unit | Sessions in which this topic appeared | Priority |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Meaning, scope and objectives of HRM | Unit 1 | Dec 2023, Jun 2024, Jun 2025, Dec 2025, Jun 2026 | High |
| 2 | Strategic HRM, concept, features and application | Unit 2 | Dec 2023, Dec 2024, Jun 2026 | High |
| 3 | Approaches and models of SHRM | Unit 2 | Dec 2023 | High |
| 4 | Manpower planning, process and shortcomings | Unit 3 | Dec 2024, Jun 2026 | High |
| 5 | Job analysis, purpose, methods and limitations | Unit 4 | Jun 2024, Jun 2025 | High |
| 6 | Job description, specification, design, enlargement and enrichment | Unit 4 | Jun 2024, Dec 2025, Jun 2026 | High |
| 7 | Recruitment essentials, steps and direct recruitment | Unit 5 | Dec 2023, Jun 2024, Jun 2025 | High |
| 8 | Civil service recruitment in India and promotion | Unit 5 | Dec 2024 | Medium |
| 9 | Performance appraisal, requirements and methods | Unit 6 | Dec 2023, Dec 2025 | High |
| 10 | Management by Objectives and performance management | Unit 6 | Dec 2023, Dec 2025, Jun 2026 | High |
| 11 | Principles of remuneration and salary structure | Unit 7 | Jun 2024, Jun 2025, Dec 2025 | High |
| 12 | Rewards, incentive plans and social security | Unit 8 | Dec 2024, Jun 2025 | Medium |
| 13 | Employee benefits and the pension scheme | Unit 9 | Dec 2024 | Medium |
| 14 | Training and development, needs, steps and methods | Unit 10 | Dec 2023, Jun 2024, Dec 2024, Dec 2025 | High |
| 15 | Redeployment and reskilling | Unit 11 | Dec 2023 | Medium |
| 16 | Learning and development, approaches and elements | Unit 12 | Jun 2026 | High |
| 17 | Management development, approaches and controversies | Unit 13 | Jun 2024, Jun 2025 | Medium |
| 18 | Employee capacity building strategies | Unit 14 | Dec 2025, Jun 2026 | High |
| 19 | Total Quality Management and the traditional approach | Unit 15 | Jun 2024, Dec 2024 | High |
| 20 | Employee health, safety and causes of accidents | Unit 16 | Not asked in the last six sessions, treated as a gap | Medium |
| 21 | Workers' participation in management | Unit 17 | Dec 2023, Jun 2024, Jun 2025, Dec 2025 | High |
| 22 | Collective bargaining and quality circles | Unit 17 | Dec 2024, Jun 2026 | High |
| 23 | Industrial relations, industrial peace and conflict resolution | Unit 18 | Dec 2023, Jun 2024 | High |
| 24 | Discipline and conduct rules in the civil services | Unit 19 | Dec 2023, Jun 2026 | High |
| 25 | Assessing HRM effectiveness and the Four C's model | Unit 20 | Jun 2024, Dec 2024, Jun 2025, Dec 2025 | High |
Two topics the MPA 014 guess paper deliberately does not cover
Human Resource Audit and change at the workplace, which have been appearing as Question 9 and Question 10 in recent MPA-014 papers, are not part of Units 1 to 20 of the course material supplied for this course. Rather than manufacture answers from outside sources, the file says so plainly and leaves those two to your own reading.
This costs you nothing in the exam. Section II still gives you eight covered questions against the two or three you actually need from that half of the paper.
Is there a practical file for MPA 014 Human Resource Management
No. MPA-014 has no practical, project or laboratory component, so there is no practical file index to publish for this course. Assessment runs on one Tutor Marked Assignment carrying 30 per cent and the written Term-End Examination carrying 70 per cent. The question index above is the closest thing to a contents page this course has.
4. Unit-Wise Syllabus Table of MPA 014 Human Resource Management
MPA-014 runs across 20 units, and the guess paper draws at least one answer from every single one of them, with Units 2, 4, 5, 6 and 17 supplying two answers each.
The unit titles below follow the official listing on eGyanKosh rather than any coaching booklet. If you are reading the MPA 014 Study Material alongside this file, the unit numbers will match one to one, so you can jump from an answer straight to the pages it came from.
| Unit | Official unit title | Key topics the guess paper takes from this unit | Answers |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Human Resource Management: Meaning, Nature, Scope and Significance | Flippo definition, six features, the three IIPM scope aspects, four objective heads | 1 |
| 2 | Strategic Human Resource Management | Mabey, Salaman and Storey perspectives, Delery and Doty frameworks, Pfeffer's seven practices, Guest model | 2 |
| 3 | Human Resource Planning and Strategy | Gupta definition of manpower, demand and supply plans, Diane Steel critique | 1 |
| 4 | Job Analysis and Job Design | Yoder definition, PAQ and MPAQ, job description against specification, enlargement against enrichment | 2 |
| 5 | Recruitment, Selection, Appointment and Promotion | Seven recruitment steps, merit system of 1853, Articles 309 and 315, L. D. White on promotion | 2 |
| 6 | Performance Appraisal | Heigel definition, ten traditional techniques, Odiorne on MBO, Osborne and Gaebler on measurement | 2 |
| 7 | Remuneration and Salary System | Fair Wage Committee 1948, ten pay principles, point method and factor comparison | 1 |
| 8 | Rewards and Incentive Management | Megginson definition, Halsey and Rowan plans, Payment of Bonus Act 1965, nine ILO social security components | 1 |
| 9 | Employee Benefits | Fringe benefit categories, Nakara judgment on pension, seven kinds of pension, Gratuity Act 1972 | 1 |
| 10 | Training and Development | Training against development table, six programme steps, vestibule schools, T-Groups and sensitivity training | 1 |
| 11 | Redeployment and Reskilling | Redeployment Guideline definition, VRS and the National Renewal Fund, Stewart on intellectual capital | 1 |
| 12 | Learning and Development | Ribeaux and Poppleton definition, Mumford's ten blocks to learning, whole against part learning, memory storage | 1 |
| 13 | Management Development | Margerison policy guidelines, Mumford's three types, piecemeal, open system and unified approaches | 1 |
| 14 | Employee Capacity Building Strategies | AHEC 2003 objectives, Beijing Initiative 2001 process, six capacity building strategies | 1 |
| 15 | Total Quality Management | Q equals P over E formula, Mike Hick core concepts, Garvin's eight quality dimensions, ISO 9000 in India | 1 |
| 16 | Employee Health and Safety | Article 42, Sections 11 to 20 of the Factories Act 1948, three causes of accidents, Karl Albrecht on stress | 1 |
| 17 | Human Resource Management and Employment Involvement | Article 43-A, five forms of participation, works committees and joint management councils, quality circle structure | 2 |
| 18 | Human Resource Management and Industrial Relations | Dunlop definition, industrial peace requirements, conciliation, arbitration and adjudication, model grievance procedure | 1 |
| 19 | Discipline and Grievances | Hot stove rule, progressive against negative discipline, Article 311, Conduct Rules 3(1), 4, 5 and 13(2) | 1 |
| 20 | Assessing Human Resource Management Effectiveness | Drucker on efficiency against effectiveness, Reddin on output, the Four C's, sound against unsound objectives | 1 |
5. How the MPA 014 Important Questions Were Selected from Previous Year Papers
Six Term-End papers of MPA-014, from December 2023 through to June 2026, were read question by question, every topic was counted across those six sittings, and the questions were then tagged High or Medium on how often they repeat.
The method is boring and that is the point. Nothing was predicted on instinct. A topic asked four or more times across six sittings, or a topic with a clear recent gap, is tagged High. A topic seen two or three times is tagged Medium. The frequency table printed on the last page of the file shows the working, session by session, so you can check the logic yourself instead of trusting a claim.
Anyone can verify one of those six sittings in two minutes. The official June 2025 paper is published by the university at ignou.ac.in, and its ten questions run from the evolution of HRM and job analysis through recruitment essentials, remuneration principles and incentives in Section I, to management development, workers' participation and the Four C's model in Section II. Every one of those eight in-syllabus topics is answered in this file.
Two patterns came out of the count and both changed what went into the file. Meaning and scope of HRM has appeared in five of the six sittings, which is as close to a certainty as this paper offers. Employee health and safety, by contrast, has not been asked in any of those six sittings, which in a rotating paper makes it a gap worth covering rather than a topic to drop.
A guess paper is only as good as the pattern behind it, which is why the same frequency method sits behind every MPA guess Paper we publish for this programme rather than one file being treated as special.
6. MPA 014 Exam Pattern and Marking Scheme for Human Resource Management
The MPA-014 Term-End Examination runs for 3 hours and carries 100 marks, with ten questions of 20 marks each split into two Sections, of which you attempt any five, taking at least two from each Section, in about 500 words per answer.
That instruction is printed at the top of the paper itself, so it is not open to interpretation. The Term-End Examination carries 70 per cent weightage and the Tutor Marked Assignment carries the remaining 30 per cent.
Three consequences follow, and they decide how the file was written. First, there are no short notes and no compulsory question in MPA-014, so every one of the ten is optional and you can pick your strongest five. Second, the 500-word limit means a padded answer wastes the time you need for the fifth question. Third, examiners mark against the IGNOU text, so imported management-textbook material scores less than the book's own counts and definitions.
Those counts are where marks are quietly won: four objectives of HRM, three aspects of scope, seven methods of job analysis, nine components of social security, four C's of effectiveness, five forms of participation. The file prints each count as a numbered list rather than burying it in a paragraph.
7. Who Should Buy This MPA 014 Solved Guess Paper
This file suits MPA first year students who have three weeks or less before the December 2026 Term-End Examination and want a fixed, finite list of topics to write rather than 20 units to read.
It fits you if you are working full time and can give the course only an hour or two a day. It fits you if you have the blocks but have not opened them. It fits you if you have failed MPA-014 once and want to know what actually repeats. It also fits you if English is not your strongest subject and you need answers already written in plain sentences.
It does not fit everyone. If you have four months in hand and want conceptual depth in human resource management, read the units first and treat this as revision at the end. If you are looking for assignment answers rather than exam answers, this is the wrong file, because the TMA asks different questions and is marked separately.
One honest limit. No guess paper can promise that all five questions you write will come from it. What twenty-five prepared answers across twenty units do is make it very unlikely that you are short of five writable questions on the day.
8. How to Use the MPA 014 Important Questions in the Last Ten Days
Cover all 14 High priority answers in the first six days, add the Medium ones on days seven and eight, and spend the last two days writing full 500-word answers against a clock.
Days one and two. Read the question index, then learn only the headings of the High priority answers. Do not attempt the body yet. Headings first is what makes the body stick later.
Days three to six. Take three High answers a day. For each one, write the definition with its author and year, then the numbered headings, then close with the conclusion line. Roughly forty minutes per answer if you are honest about it.
Days seven and eight. Add the Medium priority answers and revise the tables, since the job enlargement against enrichment table and the TQM against traditional management table are the two easiest places to gain marks quickly.
Days nine and ten. Sit with a blank sheet and write five full answers in three hours, choosing at least two from each Section, exactly as the real paper demands. Almost every student who does this once discovers that their handwriting speed, not their memory, is the real constraint.
9. How to Get the IGNOU MPA 014 Guess Paper with Answers on WhatsApp
Send a WhatsApp message to 9899436384 with the course code MPA-014 and your enrolment number, and the complete 25-question PDF is delivered on the same day, usually within a few working hours.
There is no cart and no account to create. Message the number, confirm the session you are appearing in, and the file comes back to you as a PDF you can open on a phone or print at any shop. If you need more than one first year course, say so in the same message and it can be handled together.
Ask before you pay, not after. If you want a different sample page from the file, or you want to know whether a particular unit has been answered at the depth you need, ask on the same number and you will get a straight answer.
Unnati Educations has been working with distance learners from Vikas Puri, New Delhi since 2008. We are an independent academic support platform and are not affiliated to IGNOU, and these are our own study materials prepared by our faculty, not university publications.
10. FAQs on the IGNOU MPA 014 Human Resource Management Guess Paper
How many questions are there in the MPA 014 Human Resource Management guess paper?
There are 25 questions in the file, each answered in about 500 words. Five of them are shown as samples on this page, so 20 remain inside the file. Every one of the 20 syllabus units contributes at least one answer, and Units 2, 4, 5, 6 and 17 contribute two each because those units carry more examinable topics.
Which sessions were analysed to build the MPA 014 important questions list?
Six Term-End sittings of MPA-014 were studied question by question: December 2023, June 2024, December 2024, June 2025, December 2025 and June 2026. Each topic was then counted across those six papers. Topics repeating four or more times, or showing a clear recent gap, carry a High tag. Topics seen only twice or thrice carry a Medium tag instead.
What is the exam pattern of MPA 014 Human Resource Management?
The paper runs 3 hours for 100 marks. Ten questions of 20 marks each are split into Section I and Section II. You answer any five in about 500 words each, taking at least two from each Section. There is no compulsory question and there are no short notes. The Term-End Examination carries 70 per cent weightage.
Does the MPA 014 guess paper cover Human Resource Audit and change at the workplace?
No, and the file says so openly. Those two topics have been appearing as Question 9 and Question 10 in recent papers but do not sit inside Units 1 to 20 of the course material, so nothing was invented for them. Prepare them from your own reading. Eight covered questions still remain in each Section.
Is the MPA 014 Human Resource Management guess paper valid for December 2026?
Yes. The file is prepared for the June 2026 and December 2026 Term-End Examinations of MPA-014, and it is built on the six most recent question papers of this course. Since the syllabus of 20 units has not changed, the unit mapping stays valid for the December 2026 sitting and for the one after it, unless IGNOU revises the course.
Are the MPA 014 answers written from the IGNOU book or from outside sources?
Every answer is written from the IGNOU MPA-014 units themselves. That matters, because examiners mark against the university text, so the definitions, scholar names and exact counts used in the book earn more marks than imported management material. Where the book credits Flippo, Yoder, Odiorne or Reddin, the answer credits exactly the same name and year.
Can I use the MPA 014 guess paper for my assignment as well?
Not directly. The Tutor Marked Assignment of MPA-014 carries 30 per cent and asks its own set of questions, which differ from the Term-End paper. Some content does overlap, since both draw on the same 20 units, but the assignment needs answers written to its own wording. This file is built for the written Term-End Examination.
How is the IGNOU MPA 014 guess paper with answers delivered after ordering?
It is delivered as a PDF on WhatsApp 9899436384, normally on the same day you order. Send the course code MPA-014 and your enrolment number, then confirm the session you are appearing in. The file opens on any phone and prints cleanly in black and white if you prefer studying on paper rather than on a screen.