BECC 112 Solved Guess Paper 2026 is a 14 question, 18 page answer file built for students sitting the Development Economics-I term-end examination of the Bachelor of Arts (Honours) Economics programme. Every question inside it was picked after reading the actual BECC-112 papers set by IGNOU, not by rewriting the syllabus index.
The answers are written the way an evaluator wants to read them: definition first, scholar named, the book's own counts kept intact, and a short critical conclusion at the end.
Most students open the BECC-112 blocks in the last fortnight and find close to 400 pages of theory in front of them. That is the real problem this file solves. Instead of reading all twelve units, you get the fourteen questions that the paper keeps coming back to, each already written to the exact word length the section demands. If you want the wider catalogue first, the IGNOU Solved Guess Paper collection lists every course code we currently cover.
BECC 112 Key Facts at a Glance
- Course code: BECC-112
- Course name: Development Economics-I
- Programme: BA (Hons.) Economics, BAECH
- Placement: Core course, Semester V
- Blocks and units: 4 blocks, 12 units
- Exam duration: 3 hours
- Maximum marks: 100
- Questions to attempt: 8 of 12
- Questions in this file: 14
- Pages of answers: 18
- Samples shown below: 5
- Target session: December 2026
What the BECC 112 Solved Guess Paper 2026 Contains for Development Economics-I
The BECC-112 file holds 14 solved questions across 18 pages: five 20 mark answers for Section A, seven 12 mark answers for Section B and two 6 mark answers for Section C, mapped block by block.
The split is deliberate and follows the shape of the paper itself. Section A of BECC-112 gives you four questions and asks for any two, so five prepared long answers leave you room to drop one and still have a choice. Section B gives six and asks for four, so seven prepared answers cover you comfortably. Section C is compulsory, which is why both short-note and distinguish-between formats are written out in full rather than left as bullet hints.
Each question in the file carries a small header strip before the answer: the block and section it belongs to, the sessions it last appeared in, its priority band and the word target. That header is the reason students trust the selection. You are not being told a topic is important, you are being shown the sessions where it turned up in the Development Economics-I paper.
The answers themselves stay close to the official IGNOU blocks. Where the book gives a number, the answer gives the same number: three Harrod growth rates, four axioms of inequality, four types of market failure, four type-pairs of poverty. Evaluators mark against the block, so an answer that quietly changes the count loses the easy marks.
5 Sample Questions with Answers from the BECC 112 Development Economics-I Guess Paper
These five answers are reproduced in full from the file so you can judge the writing quality before you buy. They cover all three sections and all four blocks, and the remaining 9 questions follow the same structure.
Read the conclusions in particular. Every answer closes with an evaluative line rather than a summary, because that last sentence is what separates a mid-band answer from a top-band one in BECC-112 Development Economics-I.
Q. Explain the concept of economic growth. How does it differ from economic development? What are the indicators of economic development?
Meaning of economic growth
Economic growth is an increase in real terms of the output of goods and services sustained over a long period, measured in terms of value added, generally GDP or NDP. It is a dynamic concept, referring to a continuous expansion of output over time rather than a one-shot change. A rise in total output is called extensive growth, while a rise in output per capita is intensive growth, and it is the second that matters for living standards.
How development differs from growth
Growth is an engine, not an end in itself, and the end is development. Growth involves change in aggregates such as height or weight, while development includes change in functional capacity.
Modern economists reject the trickle-down view. Amartya Sen treats development as the expansion of people's capabilities to live the lives they choose, which requires the removal of capability deprivation, the argument he sets out in Development as Freedom. Development is therefore defined as the reduction and elimination of poverty, inequality and unemployment within a growing economy.
Indicators of economic development
- Extreme poverty, measured as the share of population living on less than $1.25 a day at PPP.
- Labour and land, measured by the share of adult labour in agriculture and the proportion of arable land cultivated.
- Human capital, measured by combined primary and secondary school enrolment.
- Basic access, measured by access to clean water and improved sanitation.
- Health, measured by life expectancy at birth, child mortality and prevalence of disease.
- Composite indices, namely the Human Development Index and the Multidimensional Poverty Index.
Conclusion: Growth raises real output, but development is the broader idea. It reduces poverty, inequality and unemployment while expanding human capability and the quality of life.
Q. What do you understand by the term 'inequality'? What are its various axioms? Explain Kuznets' hypothesis in relation to inequality and economic development.
Concept of economic inequality
Economic inequality is the fundamental cause that provides diverse choices to one individual and denies them to another. It relates to capabilities, political freedom and lifetime income, and inequality of opportunity matters as much as inequality of outcome. The functional distribution of income concerns returns to the factors of production, while the personal distribution describes income flows to individuals or households.
The four axioms of inequality
Axioms are the desirable properties that any measure of inequality should possess.
- Anonymity principle: the measure does not classify individuals into groups such as rich, poor, good or bad.
- Scale independence principle: the size of the economy does not dominate the measure, since only dispersion matters and not magnitude.
- Population independence principle: the measure is independent of the number of people receiving income.
- Transfer principle, also called Pigou-Dalton: a progressive transfer from rich to poor should lower the index and a regressive transfer should raise it.
Kuznets' inverted-U hypothesis
Simon Kuznets proposed that as an economy develops from a rural agricultural society into an industrialised urban one, income inequality first widens, then stabilises, and finally falls, tracing an inverted-U curve. The early widening comes from structural change that favours the higher-productivity urban sector. Inequality narrows later as rural labour migrates to the cities and the rural population share falls.
Conclusion: Inequality reflects unequal access to resources, its axioms discipline how we measure it, and Kuznets' inverted-U ties the path of inequality to the stage of economic development.
Q. Describe the structure of the Solow model of growth and explain the concept of the technological trap and its consequences as discussed in the model.
Structure and assumptions of the Solow model
The Solow model is a neoclassical model with diminishing returns to each factor but constant returns to scale, in which exogenous technological change generates long-term growth.
Its structure rests on four assumptions. The economy produces a single composite good that is either consumed or accumulated as capital. Labour supply is homogeneous, and capital and labour are the two factors of production. The aggregate production function is continuous and displays constant returns to scale. The labour force grows at an exogenously given rate n, and people save a constant proportion of income, so that S = sY.
The technological trap
Empirically, convergence has not held well, and many nations remain caught in a poverty trap, which is a low-level equilibrium. There are two types, technologically induced and population induced.
In the technological trap, if the production function exhibits increasing returns to scale over a certain range, multiple equilibria arise. An economy that starts below the critical capital level k* slumps back to a very low income and output level, because k* is an unstable equilibrium. Only an initial injection of capital, a Big Push, can lift it past that level.
Conclusion: Solow derives growth from capital accumulation under constant returns, but where increasing returns create multiple equilibria an economy can stay trapped at low income until a Big Push carries it past the critical capital level.
Q. Discuss the concepts of 'Tragedy of Commons' and 'Prisoner's Dilemma'. What alternative has been suggested by Hobbes to solve the commons dilemma?
- Tragedy of commons: common resources such as natural resources give benefits to all and exclusion is not possible, so nobody has an incentive to contribute. Rational, self-interested behaviour by each member of the group leads the group as a whole into chaos or destruction, because each individual thinks mainly of his own interest and not at all about the common interest.
- Prisoner's dilemma: a game in which all individuals choose individually rational strategies, yet the collective outcome turns out to be irrational. Players have complete information, but communication between them is either impossible or irrelevant to the outcome.
- Free-rider problem: since individuals cannot be excluded from the benefits, each has an incentive to free ride on the contribution of others, and this continues until the benefit itself ceases to exist.
Hobbes' solution
In Leviathan (1651), Hobbes argues that to avoid ruin in a crowded world people must be responsive to a coercive force outside their individual psyches, a force he calls a Leviathan. This leads to the suggestion that central governments control most natural-resource systems, with an external authority deciding who uses the commons, when and how much. Such an agency, however, needs accurate information if it is to reach an efficient equilibrium.
Conclusion: Both the tragedy of commons and the prisoner's dilemma trace back to the free-rider problem, and Hobbes answers them with an external coercive authority governing shared resources.
Q. Differentiate between: (a) Conditional and Unconditional Convergence; (b) Absolute and Relative Poverty.
| Unconditional convergence | Conditional convergence |
|---|---|
| Nations converge to a common value regardless of their initial state, assuming similar parameters. | Economies converge to their own steady states, which can differ from one country to another. |
| Occurs when an economy's growth rate declines as it approaches its steady state. | Convergence is conditional on other variables being held constant. |
In a related sense, sigma convergence means a reduction in the dispersion of income levels among nations, while beta convergence means poorer economies grow faster than richer ones.
| Absolute poverty | Relative poverty |
|---|---|
| Inability to afford basic goods and services such as food, housing and clothing. | Disadvantage, financial or social, compared with other people in one's own environment. |
| Linked to destitution and difficult to measure precisely. | Closely linked to the notion of inequality. |
Those are 5 of the 14 questions. The remaining 9 answers cover the Harrod model and the trade cycle, endogenous growth theory and its policy implications, poverty and the poverty line, the classical theory with the Marxian critique, Romer's model, Arrow's learning by doing, market failure with government failure, public interest against public choice, and the short notes on the Sustainable Development Goals with path dependence.
Get all 14 BECC 112 answers on WhatsApp 9899436384How This BECC 112 Guess Paper Was Built from Development Economics-I Previous Year Papers
Topic selection came from reading six consecutive BECC-112 term-end papers, June 2023 to December 2025, and then checking the shortlist against the June 2026 paper before the answers were written.
The method is boring on purpose. Every question from every one of those papers was typed into a single sheet, tagged to its block and its marks band, and counted. A topic that turned up four or more times, or that skipped a recent session and is therefore due, went into the high band. Topics appearing two or three times went into the medium band. Single appearances were kept out of the file and listed instead as the things not worth over-preparing.
That is also why some obvious-looking topics are missing. Natural monopoly and regulation showed up once in six papers. The Lorenz curve appeared three times but always as part of a larger inequality question already covered. Including them would have padded the page count without raising anyone's marks. If you want to run the same check yourself, the IGNOU Previous Year Question Paper section carries the BECC-112 papers we worked from.
Once the shortlist was fixed, the answers were written directly against the official blocks so that the terminology matches what the evaluator has in the key. You can verify any definition in the file against the official IGNOU study material on eGyanKosh, and the exam pattern against the December 2025 BECC-112 question paper published by IGNOU.
BECC 112 Development Economics-I Block and Unit Index with Key Topics
BECC-112 has 4 blocks and 12 units. Block 2 alone carries five units and supplies the largest share of the paper, which is why six of the fourteen questions in the file come from it.
The table below is the index you should keep open while revising. Use it to check what a question actually belongs to, because the BECC-112 paper often blends two units in one question, for example asking about Solow's structure and the technological trap together. Anyone who wants the source blocks alongside the answers can pick up the BECC 112 Study Material set from our IGNOU material section.
| Block | Unit | Unit title | Key topics that get examined |
|---|---|---|---|
| Block 1: Growth and Development | 1 | Concepts, Indicators and Measurement | Extensive against intensive growth, Sen's capability approach, the six indicator groups, HDI and MPI |
| Block 1: Growth and Development | 2 | International Comparisons | Purchasing power parity against exchange rate conversion, cross-country income gaps, structural change in development |
| Block 2: Growth Models: Theory and Evidence | 3 | Introduction to Growth Models | Smith's division of labour, Ricardo's diminishing returns, Malthus on population, the Marxian critique and stages |
| Block 2: Growth Models: Theory and Evidence | 4 | Harrod-Domar Model | Actual, warranted and natural growth rates, GC = s, knife-edge equilibrium, the trade cycle, Harrod against Domar |
| Block 2: Growth Models: Theory and Evidence | 5 | The Solow Model | Constant returns to scale, the steady state, the technological and population traps, critical level k*, the Big Push |
| Block 2: Growth Models: Theory and Evidence | 6 | Endogenous Growth Models | Arrow's learning by doing, Romer's 1990 research sector, non-rival knowledge, spillovers, criticisms of the theory |
| Block 2: Growth Models: Theory and Evidence | 7 | Determinants of Growth | Growth accounting and total factor productivity, Hicks and Harrod neutral technical change, path dependence and lock-in |
| Block 3: Inequality and Poverty | 8 | Inequality | Functional against personal distribution, the four axioms, Lorenz curve and Gini, Kuznets' inverted-U hypothesis |
| Block 3: Inequality and Poverty | 9 | Poverty | Objective and subjective, absolute and relative, transversal and persistent, multidimensional poverty, poverty line and poverty trap |
| Block 4: Political Institutions and the Functioning of the State | 10 | Institutions and Evolution of Democracy | Tragedy of commons, prisoner's dilemma, the free-rider problem, Hobbes' Leviathan, devising an institution |
| Block 4: Political Institutions and the Functioning of the State | 11 | Theories of Regulation | Public interest theory, public choice theory, capture theory, regulating a natural monopoly and the fair rate of return |
| Block 4: Political Institutions and the Functioning of the State | 12 | Government Failure and Corruption | The four types of market failure, causes of government failure, Myrdal's soft state, special interest capture |
BECC 112 Exam Pattern and Marking Scheme for Development Economics-I
The BECC-112 term-end paper runs for 3 hours, carries 100 marks and is split into three sections. You attempt 8 questions in all: 2 from Section A, 4 from Section B and both questions of Section C.
What trips students up is not the number of questions, it is the word target. Section A asks for about 500 words per answer and carries 20 marks each. Writing 250 words there costs you half the marks no matter how correct the content is. The reverse is just as damaging: a 500 word answer in Section B eats the time you needed for your fourth answer.
| Section | Questions set | To attempt | Marks each | Section total | Word target | Suggested time |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Section A, long answer | 4 | Any 2 | 20 | 40 | About 500 words | 40 minutes each |
| Section B, medium answer | 6 | Any 4 | 12 | 48 | About 250 words | 20 minutes each |
| Section C, short notes and distinguish | 2 | Both, compulsory | 6 | 12 | About 150 words | 10 minutes each |
Section B carries the largest block of marks at 48, which surprises most candidates who assume the 20 mark questions decide the result. In practice, four clean 12 mark answers are easier to secure than two perfect 20 mark answers, so the guess paper gives Section B seven prepared options rather than the minimum four.
BECC 112 Important Questions and Topic Repeat Frequency in Development Economics-I
Fifteen topics account for almost every question set in BECC-112 between June 2023 and December 2025. The table below shows which sessions each one appeared in and what the answer has to contain to score.
Read the last column carefully. Knowing a topic repeats is only half the work. The marks sit in the specific thing the evaluator is scanning for, usually a named scholar, a year, an exact count or a formula, and that is what the fourth column records for each topic.
| Topic | Sessions it appeared in | Usual marks | What the answer must contain to score |
|---|---|---|---|
| Economic growth against development and indicators | Dec 2023, Jun 2024, Dec 2024, Jun 2025, Dec 2025 | 20 or 12 | Sen's capability line, the six indicator groups, and the structural change angle the December 2025 paper asked for |
| Domar model and Harrod against Domar | Jun 2023, Jun 2024, Dec 2024, Jun 2025, Dec 2025 | 20 | The four-row contrast: acceleration against multiplier, induced against planned investment |
| Solow model and the technological trap | Jun 2023, Jun 2024, Dec 2024, Jun 2025, Dec 2025 | 12 | The critical level k*, multiple equilibria from increasing returns, and the Big Push conclusion |
| Endogenous growth theory and its policy implications | Jun 2023, Jun 2024, Dec 2024, Jun 2025, Dec 2025 | 20 | Named critics Scott, Auerbach, Srinivasan and Olson, then the convergence implication for poor countries |
| Convergence, sigma and beta | Jun 2023, Jun 2024, Dec 2024, Jun 2025, Dec 2025 | 6 | Two lines each on conditional and unconditional, then the sigma and beta distinction |
| Inequality, its axioms and Kuznets | Dec 2023, Jun 2024, Jun 2025, Dec 2025 | 20 | All four axioms by name, Pigou-Dalton spelled out, and the shape of the inverted-U |
| Market failure and government failure | Jun 2024, Dec 2024, Jun 2025, Dec 2025 | 12 | The four failure types, then Myrdal's soft state listed among the causes of government failure |
| Tragedy of commons, prisoner's dilemma and Hobbes | Jun 2024, Dec 2024, Jun 2025, Dec 2025 | 12 | The free-rider link between the two concepts, and Leviathan dated to 1651 |
| Public interest against public choice theory | Jun 2023, Dec 2023, Jun 2024, Dec 2025 | 12 | A three-row contrast on view of state, motive and prescription, plus one regulation example |
| Poverty, its types and the poverty line | Jun 2023, Dec 2023, Dec 2024, Jun 2025 | 20 | The four type-pairs, India's calorie-based line, and the $1.90 revision of the international line |
| SDGs and the MDG contrast | Jun 2023, Jun 2024, Dec 2024, Jun 2025 | 6 | 17 goals, 169 targets, adopted 2015, due 2030, and why the eight MDGs were narrower |
| Classical theory and the Marxian critique | Jun 2023, Jun 2024, Dec 2024 | 12 | Smith, Ricardo dated 1817, Malthus dated 1798, then Marx's three specific rejections |
| Harrod model, three growth rates and the trade cycle | Dec 2023, Jun 2024, Dec 2025 | 20 | GC = s and Gw·Cr = s written out, then the knife-edge logic before any diagram |
| Romer's model of technological change | Dec 2023, Dec 2024, Jun 2025 | 12 | Knowledge as non-rival but partially excludable, and the function ΔA = F(KA, HA, A) |
| Arrow's learning by doing | Dec 2023, Jun 2024, Dec 2025 | 12 | The 1962 paper by name, diminishing returns to repetition, learning as a by-product of production |
Practical File and Project Work Position in BECC 112 Development Economics-I
BECC-112 Development Economics-I has no practical file, no laboratory record and no project component. It is a theory course assessed through one tutor marked assignment and the 100 mark term-end examination.
This needs saying plainly because students coming from science or vocational streams often assume every IGNOU course carries a practical. For BECC-112 there is nothing to prepare beyond written work, and no practical index exists to share. The only submission besides the examination is the assignment, and its structure is set by IGNOU rather than by any study centre.
| Component | Applicable to BECC-112 | What it involves |
|---|---|---|
| Practical file or lab record | No | Not part of this course; BECC-112 is entirely theoretical and carries no experiment or record work |
| Project or dissertation | No | Project work sits in separate BAECH courses, not in the Development Economics-I syllabus |
| Tutor marked assignment | Yes | Three sections: two long answers of 20 marks, three of 10 marks, and two of 15 marks split as 5 × 3 |
| Term-end examination | Yes | 100 marks over 3 hours, with 8 questions attempted across Sections A, B and C |
| Viva or presentation | No | No oral component is attached to BECC-112 in the BAECH scheme |
Who Should Use This IGNOU BECC 112 Solved Guess Paper
This file suits BAECH students in their fifth semester who are short on revision time, repeating BECC-112 after a backlog, or comfortable with the concepts but unsure how to shape an answer to IGNOU's word limits.
It works best for three groups. The first is the student with three or four weeks left who cannot realistically read twelve units and needs a defensible shortlist. The second is the reappear candidate who already understands Harrod and Solow but lost marks last time on structure, length or a missing conclusion. The third is the working student who studies in scattered hours and needs answers that are already exam-ready rather than raw material to compress.
It is not the right product if you have a full semester ahead of you and want conceptual depth. In that case read the blocks first and treat the guess paper as a revision layer in the final month. The same selection method runs across our other programmes too, including the BBA guess Paper range built for students of IGNOU's Bachelor of Business Administration, where the question banks are structured the same way.
10 Day Study Plan Using the BECC 112 Development Economics-I Guess Paper
Ten days is enough for BECC-112 if you spend the first six on Section B, the next two on Section A, one on Section C, and the last on writing under timed conditions.
- Days 1 to 2: the growth models. Harrod's three rates, the Domar contrast, Solow's structure and the technological trap. Write the Harrod against Domar table from memory at the end of day 2.
- Days 3 to 4: endogenous growth. Romer's research sector, Arrow's learning by doing, and the four standing criticisms of endogenous theory with the names attached.
- Days 5 to 6: Block 4. Market failure, government failure, public interest against public choice, tragedy of commons with the Leviathan answer.
- Days 7 to 8: the Section A heavyweights. Growth against development with indicators, inequality with the axioms and Kuznets, poverty with the poverty line.
- Day 9: Section C only. Short notes on the SDGs and path dependence, and both distinguish-between pairs. These 12 marks are compulsory and the cheapest on the paper.
- Day 10: a full three hour mock using the December 2025 paper, timed exactly as in the table above, then mark your own scripts against the word targets.
Mistakes That Cost Marks in the BECC 112 Development Economics-I Exam
Most lost marks in BECC-112 come from four habits: no opening definition, wrong word length, changed counts, and answers that stop without an evaluative conclusion.
Starting an answer with background instead of a definition is the most common. If the question says explain the concept of poverty, the first line should define poverty and attach Sen's name, not describe how poor countries look. Evaluators scan for that opening line and award against it before reading further.
Changing the book's counts is the second. If the block gives four axioms of inequality and you write three, the missing one is a straight deduction even when the three you wrote are correct. The same applies to the three Harrod growth rates and the four types of market failure.
The third is treating Section C as a throwaway. Twelve compulsory marks for roughly 300 words of writing is the best marks-per-minute ratio on the paper, yet candidates routinely leave it for the last ten minutes. The fourth is ending an answer on a description. A short critical or evaluative closing line, even two sentences, moves an answer up a band in almost every BECC-112 question.
How to Get the Complete BECC 112 Guess Paper with Answers on WhatsApp
Send the course code BECC-112 to 9899436384 on WhatsApp and the complete 14 question, 18 page solved file is shared with you as a print ready PDF.
You have seen 5 of the 14 questions above. The other 9 answers, the exam-pattern briefing and the full 24 topic frequency chart sit inside the file. Tell us your session and your medium when you message, and mention if you are preparing for a reappear so we can flag the topics you most likely dropped last time.
WhatsApp 9899436384 for BECC-112BECC 112 Development Economics-I Guess Paper FAQs
What is included in the BECC 112 guess paper with answers for Development Economics-I?
The BECC-112 file includes 14 solved questions over 18 pages, covering all four blocks of Development Economics-I. Five answers are written for the 20 mark Section A, seven for the 12 mark Section B and two for the compulsory 6 mark Section C. It also carries a question index, a header strip showing past sessions for each question, an exam-pattern briefing and a topic frequency chart.
Is the BECC 112 Development Economics-I guess paper valid for the December 2026 term-end examination?
Yes. The file is prepared for the December 2026 session of BECC-112 and the selection was checked against the June 2026 paper before release. IGNOU has not changed the Development Economics-I syllabus or the section structure, so the same four blocks and the same 40, 48 and 12 mark split apply. It also remains usable for the June 2027 session unless IGNOU revises the course.
How many questions does the IGNOU BECC 112 guess paper contain and how many are shown here?
The complete BECC-112 guess paper contains 14 questions with full answers. Five of them are published on this page as samples, which leaves 9 answers inside the file. The samples were chosen to cover all three sections and all four blocks, so what you read above is representative of the writing style and depth across the whole document rather than a selected best case.
Are the BECC 112 important questions based on previous year question papers?
Yes. Every question was chosen after reading six consecutive BECC-112 term-end papers from June 2023 to December 2025, then cross-checking against the June 2026 paper. Topics were tagged by block and marks band and counted. Anything appearing four or more times, or missing from a recent session and therefore due, went into the high priority band that forms the core of the file.
Does BECC 112 Development Economics-I have a practical file or project work?
No. BECC-112 is a theory course in the BAECH programme with no practical file, no laboratory record and no project component. The only requirements are the tutor marked assignment and the 100 mark term-end examination of 3 hours. Students who have transferred from science or vocational streams often expect a practical here, but nothing of that kind is attached to Development Economics-I.
What is the exam pattern and marking scheme for IGNOU BECC 112 Development Economics-I?
BECC-112 runs for 3 hours and carries 100 marks across three sections. Section A sets four questions of 20 marks and you attempt any two, for 40 marks. Section B sets six questions of 12 marks and you attempt any four, for 48 marks. Section C sets two compulsory questions of 6 marks, for 12 marks. You attempt eight questions in total.
In which language are the BECC 112 guess paper answers written?
The answers in the BECC-112 guess paper are written in English, using the same terminology as the official IGNOU blocks so that your wording matches what the evaluator has in the marking key. The English is kept deliberately plain and readable rather than academic, since most students reach this file with limited time. Message us on WhatsApp to ask about medium availability before ordering.
How do I get the complete BECC 112 Solved Guess Paper with all answers?
Send a WhatsApp message with the course code BECC-112 to 9899436384 and tell us your session and your programme. The complete file with all 14 solved questions is shared as a print ready PDF, usually within a few minutes during working hours. If you are reappearing in Development Economics-I, mention that too so we can point you at the topics most often dropped.