BEGC-102 June 2026 — key facts
- Course: BEGC-102 European Classical Literature, 6 credits
- Course type: Semester I core course
- Programmes: BA (Honours) English (BAEGH); also BA English Major (BAFEG)
- Prescribed texts: Homer's Iliad, Sophocles' Oedipus Rex, Plautus' Pot of Gold, Horace and Ovid
- Course structure: 4 blocks, 17 units
- Maximum marks: 100
- Duration: 3 hours
- Questions in the June 2026 paper: 15 parts across 7 questions — 6 passages, 4 short notes, 5 essays
- What you attempt: 9 answers — any 4 passages (4 × 5), any 2 short notes (2 × 10), any 3 essays (3 × 20)
- Word limits printed on the paper: 150 words per passage, 250 per short note, 350 to 400 per essay
- On this page: 2 full answers (Q2(d) and Q4); the other 13 parts appear as question text only
- Full file: all 15 answers on WhatsApp 9899436384
BEGC-102 Solved Question Paper for June 2026 gives you the official IGNOU European Classical Literature term-end paper with complete answers written by our English literature team. Two answers are open on this page, so you can judge the depth and the writing before you ask for the full file on WhatsApp.
1. What the BEGC-102 Solved Question Paper June 2026 Covers
BEGC-102 European Classical Literature is a six-credit Semester I core course of IGNOU's BA (Honours) English programme (BAEGH), also taught in the BA English Major (BAFEG), and this file solves its June 2026 term-end paper.
The June 2026 paper has 15 answerable parts spread over three sections, and it reaches into all four blocks of the course. Homer, Sophocles and Plautus each supply a passage, Horace supplies one more, and the Metamorphoses supplies two, so no block can be left out of revision.
Students who have seen an earlier BAEGH Question Paper will notice a shift in weight. June 2026 leans on literary theory, with questions on the elements of tragedy and on mimesis, and it treats Roman comedy as a product of its age rather than as a single play.
Our file follows the paper's own numbering, so each answer sits beside the question it solves. Passage answers identify the text and speaker, place the lines in context and close with a short critical comment, the three things examiners look for in a 5-mark reference-to-context answer.
2. BEGC-102 Sample Answers: Mimesis and Plato on the Iliad
Two June 2026 BEGC-102 questions are solved in full below: Q2(d) from Section B (10 marks) and Q4 from Section C (20 marks).
We picked one short note and one essay so you can judge both lengths. IGNOU does not publish model answers, so both answers below were written by our team for this page and follow the style of the full file.
Section B Block 2, Units 3 and 4 10 marks About 250 words
Question 2: Write short notes on any two (in about 250 words each):
(d) Mimesis (10)
Mimesis is the Greek word for imitation or representation. In classical criticism it names the idea that art copies life. The two thinkers who shaped the term, Plato and his pupil Aristotle, reached opposite verdicts on its value.
Plato's view. In Book X of the Republic, Plato places art at three removes from truth. The true Form of a bed exists in the world of Ideas, the carpenter makes a copy of it, and the painter copies the carpenter's bed. The poet, like the painter, imitates appearances rather than reality, and he feeds the emotions instead of reason.
For these reasons Plato would admit only hymns to the gods and praise of good men into his ideal state. Imitative poets, Homer included, were to be sent away, however much he admired their skill.
Aristotle's reply. In the Poetics, Aristotle treats imitation as natural and useful. Human beings imitate from childhood, learn their first lessons through it, and enjoy imitated things, even pictures of objects that would be painful to see in life. The arts differ in the means, the objects and the manner of their imitation.
Tragedy, for Aristotle, imitates an action that is serious, complete and of a certain magnitude, and through pity and fear it brings about catharsis. Poetry is even more philosophical than history, because history tells what did happen, while poetry shows what may happen, the universal rather than the particular.
Relevance to BEGC-102. Oedipus Rex was Aristotle's favourite model of tragedy, and its single unified action, with reversal and recognition arriving together, is mimesis at work. The term therefore links Block 2 of the course to the older debate on whether literature teaches truth or misleads its audience.
Section C Block 1, Unit 4 20 marks Set in the July 2025 assignment
Question 4: Plato believed that the Iliad offered no morals. Would you agree? Give a reasoned answer with examples from the text. (20)
In Books II and III of the Republic, Plato argues that Homer is unfit for educating the young guardians of his ideal state. He objects that the poem shows gods and heroes behaving badly, giving the young the wrong models to copy.
Plato's evidence from the Iliad. The gods quarrel, deceive and laugh at one another. Zeus sends a lying dream to Agamemnon in Book 2, Hera tricks Zeus in Book 14, and the gods roar with laughter at the limping Hephaestus at the end of Book 1. For Plato, a god who lies cannot teach truthfulness.
The heroes fare no better. Plato objects to Achilles lamenting on the ground like a man without self-control, to his accepting gifts as the price of returning to battle, and to his cruelty: he drags Hector's body round the tomb of Patroclus and kills twelve Trojan youths at the funeral pyre.
Why I would not fully agree. Plato reads each character as a model to imitate, but the Iliad shows conduct together with its consequences, and its morals come through what actions cost.
First, the poem is built on a moral arc. Its opening names the wrath of Achilles that brought countless sorrows on the Greeks. His withdrawal leads directly to the death of Patroclus, and in Book 18 Achilles himself wishes that strife would vanish from among gods and men.
Second, the poem states its lessons openly at times. In Book 9 old Phoenix tells Achilles the story of Meleager and the allegory of the Prayers, daughters of Zeus who follow behind Ruin to heal what she has harmed. The lesson is plain: accept amends before pride costs you what you love.
Third, Hector offers a model of duty. In Book 6 he tells Andromache that shame would stop him from hiding from battle, even though he foresees the fall of Troy.
Finally, Book 24 gives the poem its moral close. Priam kisses the hands of the man who killed his son, Achilles weeps for his own father Peleus, and he speaks of the two jars of Zeus from which good and evil are given to mortals. Achilles returns Hector's body and holds back the war while Troy buries him.
Conclusion. Plato is right that the Homeric gods are poor moral examples. The poem as a whole, however, teaches the cost of anger and pride and the value of pity and shared mortality. Its morality is tragic rather than preached, which is why Plato's charge does not hold.
3. Questions Answered Only in the Full BEGC-102 File
The 13 parts below are printed exactly as they appear in the June 2026 paper. Their answers are not on this page; they are in the full solved file only.
Where the paper has a printing slip in a name or word, the correct form is given in square brackets, so you learn the spelling to use in your own answer script.
Section A — Q1. Explain any four of the following passages with reference to the context, giving brief critical comments (150 words each): (4 × 5 = 20)
Q1(a). A black cloud of grief came shrouding over Achilles Both hands clawing the ground for soot and filth, he poured it over his head, fouled his handsome face and black ashes settled on to his fresh clean war-shirt
Q1(b). This proclamation I address to all– Thebans, if any knows the man by whom Laius, son of Labadacus [Labdacus], was slain, I summon him to make clean shrift to me.
Q1(c). Should any wonder who I am, I'll make it brief: A household guy [god] am I (indicating Euclio's house)..........and here from whence I came, The family I have now protected for years.... He left behind a son, the one who lives here now, And he's as bad as dad and granded [grandad] were before, And yet his only daughter daily worships me.
Q1(d). Enough of this: some other time we'll see If satire is or is not poetry: Today I take the question, if 'tis just That men like you should view it with distrust.
Q1(e). But Semele's mortal frame was unable to take the celestial onslaught this bridal grift [gift] was to set her ablaze The baby, still in the foetal stage, was ripped from her womb, and, strange as it seems, survived to complete his mother's term stitched up in his father's thigh.
Q1(f). When all was quiet that night, they would try to elude their guards and steal out of doors; then once they'd escaped from their homes, they'd abandon the city as well.
Section B — Q2. Write short notes on any two (in about 250 words each): (2 × 10 = 20)
Q2(a). Leucothes and Clytre [Leucothoe and Clytie]
Q2(b). Horatian satire
Q2(c). Euclio as 'Agelast'
Section C — attempt any three in about 350-400 words each (3 × 20 = 60)
Q3. Elucidate the four basic elements of a tragedy and relate them to Oedipus Rex.
Q5. Comment on the rise of the Roman empire and the comic mode. How did this phenomenon contribute to the comic mode? Discuss.
Q6. Discuss the implications of the marriage proposal in Pot of Gold.
Q7. Attempt a characterisation of Jone's [Jove's] behaviour towards Semele before and after her destruction. Quote from the text to support your answer.
4. European Classical Literature Syllabus: BEGC-102 Blocks and Units
BEGC-102 European Classical Literature is taught through 4 blocks and 17 units, moving from Homer and Sophocles to Plautus, Horace and Ovid.
| Block | Unit | Core topics | June 2026 part |
|---|---|---|---|
| Block 1: Homer: The Iliad | Unit 1: Approaching the Iliad, the Epic and the Homeric Tradition | Oral composition and the rhapsode tradition; dactylic hexameter and the 24-book shape; the Trojan War setting | Not set in June 2026 |
| Block 1 | Unit 2: The Homeric Hero | Achilles and Hector compared; kleos and the heroic code; rage and grief after Patroclus falls | Q1(a) |
| Block 1 | Unit 3: War in the Homeric Age: Honour Versus Horror | Battle scenes and the cost of war; the treatment of the dead; Priam's ransom in Book 24 | Q4 |
| Block 1 | Unit 4: Towards a Political Ethics: Moral Philosophy or Cultural Norms | Plato's quarrel with Homer; moral philosophy against cultural norms; shame and duty in Hector | Q4 |
| Block 2: Sophocles: Oedipus Rex | Unit 1: Greek Theatre: Major Playwrights | Aeschylus, Sophocles and Euripides; the Dionysia festival and the chorus; masks and the open-air theatre | Q3 (background) |
| Block 2 | Unit 2: Oedipus Rex: Summary and Analysis | The plague in Thebes; the Tiresias, Creon and Jocasta scenes; the messenger and the shepherd | Q1(b) |
| Block 2 | Unit 3: Oedipus Rex and Aristotle's Three Unities | Unity of action, time and place; plot as the soul of tragedy; peripeteia and anagnorisis | Q3, Q2(d) |
| Block 2 | Unit 4: Oedipus Rex: A Classical and A Modern Tragedy | Hamartia and the tragic hero; catharsis through pity and fear; Freud and later readings | Q3, Q2(d) |
| Block 3: Plautus: Pot of Gold | Unit 1: Roman Comedy | Greek New Comedy and Menander; Fescennine verse and Atellan farce; Plautus and Terence on the Roman stage | Q5 |
| Block 3 | Unit 2: Pot of Gold I | The Lar Familiaris prologue; Euclio's hidden pot; Megadorus and his sister Eunomia | Q1(c), Q6 |
| Block 3 | Unit 3: Pot of Gold II | Lyconides and Phaedria; the slave Strobilus and the stolen pot; cooks and comic stage business | Q6, Q2(c) |
| Block 3 | Unit 4: Pot of Gold: Critical Perspectives | Euclio as the miser type; women, dowry and marriage; Molière's later reworking in The Miser | Q2(c) |
| Block 4: Horace and Ovid | Unit 1: Roman Literature: An Introduction | From Republic to Empire under Augustus; patronage and the Golden Age poets; Greek models in Latin writing | Q5 |
| Block 4 | Unit 2: Horace: Life and Works | A freedman's son from Venusia; Maecenas as patron; Satires, Odes and Epistles | Q2(b) |
| Block 4 | Unit 3: Horace: Textual Analysis of Satire 1.4 | Lucilius and the satiric tradition; the father who taught by example; satire's claim to be poetry | Q1(d), Q2(b) |
| Block 4 | Unit 4: Ovid: Life, Literature, Works and Bacchus (Book III) | Exile to Tomis; the birth of Bacchus; Pentheus and the rejection of the new god | Q1(e), Q7 |
| Block 4 | Unit 5: Pyramus and Thisbe (Book IV) and Philomela (Book VI) | The daughters of Minyas and their tales; Pyramus and Thisbe at Ninus' tomb; Tereus, Procne and Philomela | Q1(f), Q2(a) |
Block 4 is the busiest part of the June 2026 paper and supplies at least six of its 15 parts. If you are reading the BEGC-102 Study Material unit by unit, give Units 3 to 5 of Block 4 extra time, because Horace and Ovid supply both passages and longer answers.
Block and unit titles follow IGNOU's BAEGH programme syllabus, and the printed blocks are on eGyanKosh, IGNOU's official repository. The question-to-unit mapping in the last column is our own reading of the material.
5. How the BEGC-102 June 2026 Paper Is Set and Marked
The BEGC-102 June 2026 paper carries 100 marks over 3 hours, and you write 9 answers: 4 passages from Section A, 2 short notes from Section B and 3 essays from Section C.
| Section | Parts printed | Attempt | Word guide | Marks each | Section total | June 2026 focus |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | Q1 (a) to (f) | Any 4 | 150 words | 5 | 20 | Passages from Homer, Sophocles, Plautus, Horace and two from Ovid |
| B | Q2 (a) to (d) | Any 2 | 250 words | 10 | 20 | Leucothoe and Clytie, Horatian satire, Euclio as agelast, mimesis |
| C | Q3 to Q7 | Any 3 | 350 to 400 words | 20 | 60 | Elements of tragedy, Plato on the Iliad, Roman comedy, the marriage proposal, Jove and Semele |
(4 × 150) + (2 × 250) + (3 × 400) = 600 + 500 + 1,200 = about 2,300 words in 180 minutes
This BEGC-102 Question Paper keeps the layout IGNOU used in December 2025: passages with a 150-word guide, short notes of 250 words and essays of 350 to 400 words. Earlier sessions asked for longer essays, up to 800 words in June 2022, so older model answers often run too long for today's paper.
You can see how far the layout has moved by comparing the earlier sets in our IGNOU Previous Year Question Paper collection. December 2023, for example, used only two sections and asked four 20-mark essays in its second section.
6. BEGC-102 Topics IGNOU Keeps Asking Again
Horatian satire and Oedipus Rex essays appeared in all five official BEGC-102 papers we checked, from June 2022 to December 2025.
| Topic | Sessions where it appeared | Count | Linked June 2026 part |
|---|---|---|---|
| Horatian satire: style, tone, Horace's father, formal verse satire | Jun 2022, Jun 2023, Dec 2023, Jun 2025, Dec 2025 | 5 of 5 | Q2(b) |
| Oedipus Rex essays: unities, fate, anagnorisis, the state of Thebes | Jun 2022, Jun 2023, Dec 2023, Jun 2025, Dec 2025 | 5 of 5 | Q3 |
| Critical terms as short notes: peripeteia, anagnorisis, catharsis, the unities, mimesis | Jun 2022, Jun 2023, Jun 2025, Dec 2025 | 4 of 5 | Q2(d) |
| Iliad heroes, honour and war: Achilles, Hector, who is the hero | Jun 2022, Dec 2023, Jun 2025 | 3 of 5 | Q4 |
| Iliad passages for reference to the context | Jun 2022, Jun 2023, Dec 2025 | 3 of 5 | Q1(a) |
| Oedipus Rex passages for reference to the context | Jun 2022, Jun 2023, Dec 2025 | 3 of 5 | Q1(b) |
| Pot of Gold passages for reference to the context | Jun 2022, Jun 2023, Dec 2025 | 3 of 5 | Q1(c) |
| Marriage, dowry and women in Pot of Gold | Jun 2023, Jun 2025, Dec 2025 | 3 of 5 | Q6 |
| Roman comedy's roots: New Comedy, Fescennine verse, Greek influence | Jun 2022, Jun 2023, Dec 2023 | 3 of 5 | Q5 |
| Semele and the Bacchus myth in the Metamorphoses | Jun 2022, Jun 2025, Dec 2025 | 3 of 5 | Q1(e), Q7 |
| Other Ovid tales and the influence of the Metamorphoses | Jun 2022, Jun 2023, Dec 2025 | 3 of 5 | Q1(f), Q2(a) |
| Euclio's character and his place in society | Jun 2022, Jun 2025 | 2 of 5 | Q2(c) |
| Horace passages for reference to the context | Jun 2023, Dec 2025 | 2 of 5 | Q1(d) |
The counts come from the official IGNOU papers for June 2022, June 2023, December 2023, June 2025 and December 2025. We could not find official copies of the December 2022, June 2024 and December 2024 papers, so this table covers five sessions, not five full years. A session counts once even if a topic appeared twice in it.
June 2026 repeated some questions almost word for word. Q6 on the marriage proposal in Pot of Gold is June 2023 Q13 again, and Q7 on Semele closely follows June 2022 Q14. Our IGNOU Solved Guess Paper sets are built from this kind of session-by-session tracking.
Q4 on Plato and the Iliad had not appeared in any term-end paper we checked, but IGNOU set almost the same question in the BEGC-102 assignment for the July 2025 and January 2026 sessions. Students who wrote that assignment walked into the exam with a head start.
7. Who Writes and Checks Our BEGC-102 Answers
Every BEGC-102 answer is written by Prateek Talwar from the June 2026 paper and the four course blocks, then checked by Sheetal Kirola before the file is released.
Before writing, the team studied five earlier BEGC-102 papers, so answers to repeated topics such as Horatian satire or the unities in Oedipus Rex cover the angles IGNOU has already used, not just the one asked in June 2026.
For an IGNOU BEGC-102 Solved Question Paper the checks are specific to literature. Quotations are matched against the translations used in the course, each passage is placed in its book or scene, and Greek and Latin names are spelt the way the study material spells them.
Where the printed paper has a slip in a name, the answer works from the correct form found in the course material, so you learn the spelling to use in your own script. Section C answers are planned for 20 marks and stay inside the 400-word ceiling, while passage answers are kept tight at about 150 words.
8. BEGC-102 Solved File Index for All 15 Parts
The full BEGC-102 file answers all 15 parts of the June 2026 paper; this page shows 2 of them and the other 13 are in the full file only.
BEGC-102 is a theory course with no practical work or lab record, so instead of a practical file index, the table maps each part to its unit and shows where its answer sits.
| Part | Section | Marks | Topic | Unit | Where to find the answer |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1(a) | A | 5 | Passage on Achilles in grief, smeared with ash | Block 1, Unit 2 | Full file only |
| Q1(b) | A | 5 | Proclamation to the Thebans about the killer of Laius | Block 2, Unit 2 | Full file only |
| Q1(c) | A | 5 | Passage spoken by the household guardian of Euclio's family | Block 3, Unit 2 | Full file only |
| Q1(d) | A | 5 | Passage asking whether satire is poetry | Block 4, Unit 3 | Full file only |
| Q1(e) | A | 5 | Passage on Semele's mortal frame and the unborn child | Block 4, Unit 4 | Full file only |
| Q1(f) | A | 5 | Passage on a night-time escape from home and city | Block 4, Unit 5 | Full file only |
| Q2(a) | B | 10 | Short note: Leucothoe and Clytie (printed as Leucothes and Clytre) | Block 4, Unit 5 | Full file only |
| Q2(b) | B | 10 | Short note: Horatian satire | Block 4, Units 2 and 3 | Full file only |
| Q2(c) | B | 10 | Short note: Euclio as agelast | Block 3, Units 3 and 4 | Full file only |
| Q2(d) | B | 10 | Short note: mimesis in Plato and Aristotle | Block 2, Units 3 and 4 | On this page |
| Q3 | C | 20 | Four basic elements of tragedy related to Oedipus Rex | Block 2, Units 3 and 4 | Full file only |
| Q4 | C | 20 | Plato's claim that the Iliad offers no morals | Block 1, Unit 4 | On this page |
| Q5 | C | 20 | Rise of the Roman empire and the comic mode | Block 3, Unit 1 and Block 4, Unit 1 | Full file only |
| Q6 | C | 20 | Implications of the marriage proposal in Pot of Gold | Block 3, Units 2 and 3 | Full file only |
| Q7 | C | 20 | Jove's behaviour towards Semele before and after her destruction | Block 4, Unit 4 | Full file only |
9. Programmes That Study BEGC-102 European Classical Literature
BEGC-102 European Classical Literature is a Semester I core course in IGNOU's BA (Honours) English programme, code BAEGH, and a compulsory course of the BA English Major programme, code BAFEG.
Students of the IGNOU Bachelor of Arts (Honours) English programme meet this course in their first semester, alongside BEGC-101 Indian Classical Literature. The June 2026 paper header names BAEGH, and every question in this file comes from that paper.
IGNOU's assignment for the July 2026 and January 2027 sessions lists BEGC-102 as a compulsory course of the BA English (Major) programme, BAFEG, based on the same four blocks. BAFEG students take the same course code, so the same solved file applies to them.
Reading BEGC-101 and BEGC-102 side by side also helps, since both courses ask how epic and drama work within a classical tradition, one Indian and one European.
10. Order the Full BEGC-102 Solved Question Paper on WhatsApp
Send a WhatsApp message to 9899436384 with the code BEGC 102 to get the complete June 2026 solved paper with all 15 answers.
The full BEGC-102 Solved Question Paper answers the 2 parts shown here and the 13 that are only listed above, including all six Section A passages. Mention the session, June 2026, and your programme, BAEGH or BAFEG, so our team shares the right European Classical Literature file.
Replies come from our team on the same number, and you can ask about other Semester I English papers in the same chat.
11. BEGC-102 European Classical Literature FAQs
Quick answers to what students ask most about the BEGC-102 European Classical Literature June 2026 paper and our solved file.
Which BEGC-102 questions are answered in full on this page?
Two BEGC-102 questions are answered in full here: Q2(d), the Section B short note on mimesis, and Q4, the Section C essay on Plato's view that the Iliad offers no morals. The other 13 parts, from the six Section A passages to the essays on tragedy, Roman comedy, Pot of Gold and Semele, are listed as text only and answered in the full file.
How do I get the complete BEGC-102 solved paper on WhatsApp?
Send a WhatsApp message to 9899436384 with the course code BEGC 102 and the session June 2026. Our team replies with the details and shares the complete solved file, which answers all 15 parts of the paper: the six Section A passages, the four Section B notes and the five Section C essays, including the two shown here. Mention BAEGH or BAFEG in your message.
Is this the official IGNOU BEGC-102 Question Paper for June 2026?
Yes. The questions come from the official IGNOU term-end paper for BEGC-102 European Classical Literature held in June 2026 for BA (Honours) English. Every question on this page is copied exactly as printed, and where the paper has a printing slip, such as Clytre for Clytie or Jone's for Jove's, the correct form is given in square brackets beside it. Only the answers are our own work, written by our English team and checked by a reviewer.
How many answers do I write in the BEGC-102 European Classical Literature exam?
You write nine answers in the BEGC-102 exam: four of the six Section A passages for 5 marks each, two of the four Section B short notes for 10 marks each, and three of the five Section C essays for 20 marks each. That makes 100 marks in three hours, so the 60-mark essay section deserves the most planning and the most words.
Which BEGC-102 topics repeat most often in IGNOU papers?
Across the five official BEGC-102 papers we checked, from June 2022 to December 2025, Horatian satire and Oedipus Rex essays appeared in every one, and Aristotle's terms such as peripeteia and catharsis appeared in four. June 2026 kept the pattern: Q6 on the marriage proposal in Pot of Gold repeats June 2023 Q13, and Q7 on Semele closely follows June 2022 Q14.
How many credits and blocks does BEGC-102 European Classical Literature have?
BEGC-102 European Classical Literature carries 6 credits and is a Semester I core course of BAEGH. Its material has four blocks: Homer's The Iliad, Sophocles' Oedipus Rex, Plautus' Pot of Gold, and Horace and Ovid, with 17 units in all. The term-end exam carries 100 marks and lasts three hours, and assignment work based on all four blocks comes first. Check your own programme guide for the number of assignments set in your session.
Is BEGC-102 the same course for BAEGH and BAFEG students?
Yes. BEGC-102 European Classical Literature is a core course in both the BA (Honours) English programme (BAEGH) and the four-year BA English Major programme (BAFEG), and IGNOU's assignments for both are based on the same four blocks. The June 2026 paper header names BAEGH, but the course code and syllabus are shared, so the same solved file serves students of either programme.
Who checks the BEGC-102 answers in the full file?
Every BEGC-102 answer is written by Prateek Talwar and reviewed by Sheetal Kirola before the file is released. The reviewer checks that quotations match the prescribed texts, that each Section A answer places the lines in their context and closes with a critical comment, and that essays stay within the 350 to 400 words the paper asks for. Corrections go back to the writer first.
12. About the Authors
The BEGC-102 European Classical Literature answers on this page were written and reviewed by Unnati Educations' own academic team.
Prateek Talwar — Academic Head (M.Ed.), Unnati Educations. He writes the IGNOU solved question papers, maps every part to its block and unit, and keeps each answer inside the word limit printed on the paper.
Sheetal Kirola — Reviewer, Unnati Educations. She matches quotations against the translations prescribed in the course, checks Greek and Latin spellings, and compares repeated questions with the older sessions before a file is released.