About This Solved Paper
| Prepared by | Unnati Education, IGNOU-experienced academic content writer |
|---|---|
| Qualification | Graduate with specialization in Economics and Microeconomic Theory |
| Programme | IGNOU Bachelor of Arts Honours Economics (BAECH), Bachelor of Commerce (BCOMF) under FYUP, Bachelor of Arts Economics (BAFEC) under FYUP, and Bachelor of Arts Vocational Studies MSME (BAVMSME) |
| Institution Reference | IGNOU Term-End Examination December 2025 |
BECC-101 is the foundation microeconomics paper for IGNOU's economics-stream programmes. The BECC 101 Question Paper December 2025 tested demand and supply analysis, price elasticity, consumer theory including indifference curves, production and cost analysis, market structures from perfect competition to oligopoly, and game theory concepts. Numericals, diagrams, and theory appear together in the same paper. Students who prepare using the actual question paper alongside worked solutions approach this exam with a clear head and a realistic sense of what each section demands.
What is BECC 101 Question Paper December 2025?
The BECC-101 December 2025 question paper is the Term-End Examination paper for Introductory Microeconomics in IGNOU's BA Honours Economics programme, carrying 100 marks across three sections with numerical, diagram-based, and theoretical questions.
That combination of question types is what makes this paper genuinely challenging. You might solve a demand-supply equilibrium numerical, then immediately draw and discuss an indifference curve diagram, then write a theory answer on Stackelberg's model, all in the same sitting. Most students notice the difficulty is less about knowing the concepts and more about answering each type correctly under time pressure. A worked solved paper shows you exactly how to switch gears across question formats.
About IGNOU BECC-101: Introductory Microeconomics
BECC-101 is the entry-level microeconomics paper within IGNOU's Four-Year Undergraduate Programme for BA Honours Economics, BCOMF, BAFEC, and BAVMSME students. It builds the analytical foundations that all subsequent economics courses rely on, covering how markets work, how consumers make choices, how firms decide output, and how different market structures behave.
The December 2025 paper was a thorough test of the entire syllabus. Section A included scarcity and choice theory, equilibrium numericals, price elasticity using the midpoint method, supply-demand diagram analysis for coffee prices, returns to scale, indifference curve geometry, the shutdown decision for loss-making firms, and Sweezy's kinked demand curve. Section B covered labour-leisure trade-off, revenue elasticity calculations, cardinal utility critique, Hicksian decomposition, producer equilibrium, constant returns to scale, long-run cost curves, and short notes on game theory and price discrimination. Section C closed with Stackelberg's model and the Modern Theory of Rent.
BECC 101 Exam Pattern and Marks Breakdown
The BECC-101 December 2025 paper carries 100 marks and runs for 3 hours. Section A contains Questions 1 to 4 and students must answer any two. Questions in this section carry 20 marks each split across two sub-parts. Section B contains Questions 5 to 10 and students must answer any four, each carrying 12 marks. Section C contains Questions 11 and 12 and both must be answered, each carrying 6 marks. Here is the important part: Section A questions mix diagram and numerical work within a single question, so you cannot attempt them without preparation across both skills.
All Questions: BECC 101 Question Paper December 2025 IGNOU (Complete List)
Section A
(a) "Economics is a science of choice making." Explain the relationship between scarcity and choice in the light of this statement. [10]
(b) The demand for ice-cream is Qd = 70 - 4P and the supply of ice-cream is Qs = 10 + 2P, where P is the price of ice-cream. [10]
(i) Find the equilibrium price and quantity of ice-cream.
(ii) Suppose the consumers' income increases and ice-cream is considered a normal good. As a result the demand curve for ice-cream becomes Qd = 100 - 4P. Find the new equilibrium price and quantity of ice-cream.
(a) Consider Sophia and Marcus' total expenditure on sandwiches: [15]
Price | Total Expenditure (per month) Sophia | Marcus
Rs 5 | Rs 90 | Rs 50
Rs 4 | Rs 80 | Rs 60
(i) Use the midpoint formula to calculate the price elasticity of demand for Sophia when the price of sandwiches increases from Rs 4 to Rs 5.
(ii) Use the midpoint formula to calculate the price elasticity of demand for Marcus when the price of sandwiches increases from Rs 4 to Rs 5.
(iii) Based on your answers from parts (i) and (ii), explain why Sophia would spend more on sandwiches, while Marcus spends less when the price of sandwiches increases.
(b) Brazil is the world's largest coffee producer. There was a severe drought in Brazil in 2013-14 that damaged Brazil's coffee crop. The price of coffee beans doubled during the first three months of 2014. Draw and discuss a supply and demand diagram to explain the increase in coffee prices. [5]
(a) Distinguish between returns to variable proportions and the returns to scale. (Diagram is required) [15]
(b) Show that if the indifference curves were concave to the origin the consumer would never consume both the goods together. (Diagram is required) [5]
(a) A firm is operating at a loss. Explain why the firm might stay rather than exit the market. (Diagram is required) [10]
(b) Discuss the Sweezy's model of 'kinked demand curve'. [10]
Section B
(a) How does the Labour-Leisure trade-off determine the supply of labour? [6]
(b) The total revenue from the sale of Q is given by the equation: R = 100 Q - 2Q2. Calculate the point elasticity of demand when marginal revenue is 20. [6]
Critically examine cardinal utility approach. [12]
Explain the Hicksian technique of splitting the price effect into its components of substitution and income effects for a (i) Normal good and (ii) Giffen good. [12]
(a) What is the condition for the producer's equilibrium when a single variable factor is in use? [6]
(b) Constant returns to scale implying decreasing returns to a variable factor. Discuss. (Diagram is required) [6]
Obtain the long-run average cost (LAC) and the long-run marginal cost (LMC) curves from the respective short-run cost curves, as implied in the traditional theory of cost. (Diagram is required) [12]
Write short notes on the following: [6+6]
(i) Prisoner's dilemma
(ii) Degrees of price discrimination
Section C
Explain the Stackelberg's model. [6]
Explicate the Modern Theory of Rent. [6]
BECC 101 Syllabus Topics Covered in Question Paper December 2025
Scarcity and choice, demand-supply equilibrium and numerical analysis, price elasticity using the midpoint method, supply-demand diagram application to real markets, returns to variable proportions and returns to scale, indifference curve geometry, firm shutdown decisions, Sweezy's oligopoly model, labour-leisure trade-off, cardinal utility critique, Hicksian income and substitution effect decomposition, producer equilibrium, constant returns to scale, long-run cost curve derivation, game theory through Prisoner's dilemma, price discrimination, Stackelberg's duopoly model, and the Modern Theory of Rent all appeared in this paper.
Sample Answer Preview: BECC 101 Introductory Microeconomics Solved Question Paper
Question 1(b) is a 10-mark numerical on demand-supply equilibrium. A well-structured answer sets up the equilibrium condition Qd equals Qs, substitutes both equations, and solves for P step by step. The equilibrium quantity is then found by substituting P back into either equation. Part (ii) repeats the same method with the new demand equation. Showing each algebraic step clearly is essential because examiners award marks at each stage, not just for the final answer. Students who write only the answer without steps consistently lose four to five marks on numerical questions like this.
How to Write High-Scoring Answers in BECC 101 Question Paper
For numerical questions, write every algebraic step on a separate line and state what you are doing before you do it. For diagram questions like the kinked demand curve or indifference curve analysis, draw first and label every curve, axis, and key point before writing your explanation. For theory questions like the cardinal utility critique or Modern Theory of Rent, open with a definition, build your argument with three to four organised points, and close with a brief evaluative sentence. Mixing theory with a relevant diagram in the same answer almost always earns more marks than text alone.
Who Should Use This BECC-101 Solved Question Paper December 2025?
This resource is built for IGNOU students enrolled in BAECH, BCOMF, BAFEC, and BAVMSME programmes who are preparing for the December 2025 BECC-101 term-end exam. It also works well for students who find microeconomics numericals confusing without step-by-step worked examples, those who struggle to draw and explain diagrams correctly under exam conditions, and learners attempting this paper for the first time without a strong prior economics background. If you know the theory but are unsure how to present answers at examination depth, this solved paper shows you the way.
Why This is Better Than Free BECC-101 December 2025 Question Paper PDFs and Telegram Files
Free Telegram files for economics papers frequently contain answers without diagram descriptions, numericals with missing steps, or theory explanations that do not connect to the specific question asked. For a paper like BECC-101 where partial marks matter enormously, missing steps in a numerical or leaving a diagram unlabelled can cost you five marks on a single question. The Unnati solved paper is written for the actual December 2025 question set. Every numerical shows working. Every diagram answer describes what is drawn and why. That specificity is what makes it useful during actual exam preparation.
Student Reviews: BECC-101 Solved Question Paper by Unnati Education
"The elasticity question with Sophia and Marcus was one I had no idea how to approach. The BECC-101 solved paper walked through the midpoint formula for both cases and then connected the results to the elasticity interpretation. It was the clearest explanation I found anywhere." — Riya S., BAECH December 2025
"The Hicksian decomposition question always confused me. The solved paper explained the substitution and income effects for both normal and Giffen goods with separate diagram descriptions for each. I finally understood why the Giffen good behaves differently and could write a complete answer in the exam." — Kartik M., IGNOU BCOMF December 2025
How to Get the BECC-101 Solved Question Paper December 2025: Step by Step
Contact Unnati Education on WhatsApp at 9899436384 or 9654279279. Share your course code BECC-101, your name, and your programme details when you message us. You will receive the complete BECC 101 Introductory Microeconomics Solved Question Paper the same day in most cases. Telegram is available at @unnati_educations and email at info@unnatieducations.com.
Frequently Asked Questions
What topics does the BECC-101 December 2025 question paper cover?
The BECC-101 December 2025 paper covers scarcity and choice, demand-supply numericals, price elasticity using the midpoint formula, supply-demand diagrams, returns to variable proportions and scale, indifference curve geometry, loss-making firm decisions, Sweezy's kinked demand curve, labour-leisure trade-off, cardinal utility critique, Hicksian decomposition for normal and Giffen goods, producer equilibrium, constant returns to scale, long-run cost curves, Prisoner's dilemma, price discrimination, Stackelberg's model, and the Modern Theory of Rent.
What is the exam pattern for BECC-101 December 2025?
BECC-101 carries 100 marks in a 3-hour paper. Section A has four questions and students answer any two, each worth 20 marks. Section B has six questions and students answer any four, each worth 12 marks. Section C has two questions both of which are compulsory, each worth 6 marks. Since Section A questions mix numericals and diagrams in the same question, students must prepare both analytical and diagrammatic skills thoroughly before attempting either sub-part of any Section A question.
Is a solved version of the BECC-101 December 2025 paper available from Unnati Education?
Yes. Unnati Education has prepared a complete solved version of the BECC-101 December 2025 paper. All questions across Sections A, B, and C are answered. Numericals include step-by-step working. Diagram questions include full descriptions of what to draw and label. Theory answers are structured for mark allocation. Students who study the solved paper before their exam consistently write better organised and more complete answers because they understand what each question type demands and how to present their knowledge correctly.
What is the best approach to prepare for BECC-101?
Study the three main areas separately at first. For numericals, practice demand-supply equilibrium, elasticity calculations, and revenue equations with worked examples until the method feels automatic. For diagram questions, practise drawing and labelling each diagram type including indifference curves, cost curves, and kinked demand curves from memory. For theory, study each model with a brief explanation and one application. Working through the December 2025 BECC-101 solved paper from Unnati Education ties all three skills together in a realistic exam format.
How do I contact Unnati Education to get the BECC-101 solved paper?
You can reach Unnati Education on WhatsApp at 9899436384 or 9654279279. Telegram is @unnati_educations and email is info@unnatieducations.com. Share your course code BECC-101 along with your name and programme when you contact us and we will send the complete solved paper promptly.
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Unnati Education has worked with IGNOU students since 2015 from our centre in Vikaspuri, New Delhi. We prepare solved assignments, question papers, practical files, and subject-specific study material for BAECH, BCOMF, BCA, B.Ed, CBSE, and NIOS programmes. All academic content is written by subject-experienced writers who understand the IGNOU examination system and how marks are allocated across theory, numerical, and diagram-based answer types.
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Get Your BECC 101 Question Paper December 2025 Solved Paper Now
BECC-101 asks you to solve numericals, draw diagrams, and explain theory across 100 marks in a single paper. The BECC-101 Question Paper December 2025 is a demanding but very scoreable paper for students who prepare with the right resources. Contact Unnati Education today on WhatsApp at 9899436384 or Telegram at @unnati_educations and receive your complete BECC-101 solved paper the same day.