BSOC-104 Solved Question Paper June 2026 answers all 8 questions of Sociology of India-II — plurality and accommodation, ethnicity, Gandhi on secularism, the western imagination of India, tribes, the making of the Constitution, peasant movements and the women's movements of the 1970s. The paper asks for any five in about 400 words each; two answers are open on this page and the other six come on WhatsApp 9899436384.
BSOC-104 Sociology of India-II key facts for the June 2026 solved question paper
- Course code: BSOC-104
- Course title: Sociology of India-II
- Programmes: B.A. (Honours) Sociology (BASOH), Semester II core course; also BAFSO, the four-year sociology major
- Credits: 6, with three tutor-marked assignments
- Blocks and units: 3 blocks, 14 units (Block 1 units 1–5, Block 2 units 6–11, Block 3 units 12–14)
- Maximum marks: 100 (Term-End Examination)
- Weightage in the final result: term-end exam 70 per cent, assignments 30 per cent
- Duration: 3 hours
- Questions in the June 2026 paper: 8, attempt any five, 20 marks each, about 400 words each, no sections and no compulsory question
- Questions printed in other sessions: the December 2021 and December 2023 papers printed 9 — this course does not always print 8, so read the whole paper before choosing your five
- Paper language: bilingual, English followed by Hindi
- Samples shown on this page: 2 (Q1 on plurality and Q7 on peasant movements)
- Questions in the paid file: all 8 answered; 6 of them are not shown on this page
What our BSOC-104 solved question paper for June 2026 covers
BSOC-104 Sociology of India-II is a six-credit core course in IGNOU's B.A. (Honours) Sociology (BASOH) programme that studies how India is imagined, contested and governed. It follows directly from BSOC-102 Sociology of India-I.
The June 2026 paper moves from the tradition of plurality and Gandhi's view on secularism to tribes, the making of the Indian Constitution, peasant struggles and the women's movements of the 1970s. Our file gives a complete, exam-length answer to each one.
Students searching for the IGNOU BSOC-104 question paper usually want two things: the exact questions that were set, and answers that fit a 400-word, 20-mark slot. This page gives you both for two questions, and lists the remaining six exactly as printed so you know what the full file covers.
Because every question carries 20 marks and you attempt five, one weak answer costs a fifth of the paper. Section 6 below shows which block you could not have avoided on this paper, and section 7 names the one unit that has never been examined in eight papers but sits in the current assignment — which is the single most useful thing on this page if you are preparing for December 2026.
BSOC-104 sample answers: plurality and peasant movements solved in full
Q1 on plurality and accommodation and Q7 on peasant movements are solved in full below, both written to about 400 words, the length the June 2026 paper asks for. Q2 to Q6 and Q8 are answered only in the paid file.
Question 1 Any 5 of 8 Unit 3, Block 1 20 marks about 400 words Plurality set in 5 of the 8 earlier papers — joint highest in the course
1. Describe the tradition of plurality and the culture of accommodation in Indian society. 20
Introduction. Plurality means that many religions, languages, castes, tribes and regional cultures live side by side within one society. In India, unity has never meant sameness. It has rested on a long habit of accommodation, where groups keep their own ways of life while sharing space, markets, festivals and, today, one Constitution. Sociologists treat this as one of the most important images of India.
Forms of plurality.
- Religious plurality. The Census of 2011 counted Hindus at 79.8 per cent, Muslims at 14.2 per cent, Christians at 2.3 per cent and Sikhs at 1.7 per cent, along with Buddhists, Jains, Parsis and tribal faiths.
- Linguistic plurality. The Eighth Schedule lists 22 languages and the 2011 Census recorded 121 languages.
- Social plurality. Thousands of jatis, and over 700 notified tribal communities.
- Regional plurality of food, dress, kinship and ecology.
Historical roots of accommodation. Ashoka's Rock Edict XII asked people to honour other sects as their own. The Bhakti and Sufi movements, through saints such as Kabir, Guru Nanak and Nizamuddin Auliya, created shared devotional spaces that drew Hindus and Muslims alike. Akbar's policy of sulh-i-kul, or peace with all, and the debates of the Ibadat Khana gave accommodation a political form. Shared shrines and syncretic festivals still carry this legacy.
Cultural mechanisms. Robert Redfield's idea of Little and Great Traditions, used in India by McKim Marriott, shows how local customs and Sanskritic traditions absorb each other through universalisation and parochialisation. Jawaharlal Nehru, in The Discovery of India, pictured India as an ancient palimpsest where new layers of thought were written over older ones without fully erasing them. Plurality, in this view, is built into Indian civilisation itself.
Constitutional accommodation. After 1947, accommodation became law. Articles 25 to 28 protect freedom of religion, Articles 29 and 30 protect the cultural and educational rights of minorities, and the States Reorganisation Act of 1956 redrew states largely on linguistic lines. The Fifth and Sixth Schedules give tribal areas special protection and, in parts of the North-East, autonomous councils. Reservations for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes extend it to excluded groups.
Limits and tensions. Accommodation is not automatic. Communal riots, ethnic movements and caste conflicts show that plurality can turn into competition for power and resources. The tradition survives because it is renewed through democratic politics, law and everyday coexistence.
Conclusion. India's plurality is a lived social fact, and its culture of accommodation — drawn from religious reform, civilisational exchange and constitutional design — is what turns that diversity into a shared national life.
The shape of this answer is what earns the marks: four forms of plurality, then three sources of accommodation (historical, cultural, constitutional), then the limits. Examiners on this unit look for the constitutional block in particular, because it is what separates a sociology answer from a history essay — so if you are short of time, cut a historical example before you cut Articles 29 and 30.
Question 7 Any 5 of 8 Unit 8, Block 2 20 marks "describe the features" → numbered Peasant movements set in 3 of the 8 earlier papers
7. Describe the features of peasant movements in India. 20
Introduction. A peasant movement is collective action by people who live off the land — tenants, sharecroppers, small owners, rich farmers and agricultural labourers — to defend or improve their position in the agrarian order. In India such movements run from colonial revolts over rent and revenue to present-day protests over crop prices and farm laws.
Major phases. In the colonial period, the Indigo Revolt of 1859 to 1860 in Bengal, the Deccan Riots of 1875, Champaran in 1917, Kheda in 1918 and Bardoli in 1928 targeted planters, moneylenders and revenue demands. The All India Kisan Sabha was formed in 1936. The Tebhaga movement of 1946 to 1947 in Bengal demanded two-thirds of the crop for sharecroppers, and the Telangana struggle of 1946 to 1951 rose against landlords in the Nizam's state. Naxalbari in 1967 revived armed agrarian struggle.
New farmers' movements. From the late 1970s, after the Green Revolution, organisations such as Sharad Joshi's Shetkari Sanghatana in Maharashtra, the Bharatiya Kisan Union led by Mahendra Singh Tikait in western Uttar Pradesh and the Karnataka Rajya Raitha Sangha raised demands for remunerative prices, cheaper inputs and loan relief. The protests of 2020 to 2021 against three central farm laws ended with their repeal in 2021.
Features of peasant movements in India.
- Rooted in agrarian structure. Grievances grow out of land control, rent, revenue, debt and wages. Who owns land and who works it decides who mobilises and against whom.
- Changing class base. Hamza Alavi argued that middle peasants were often the most militant, since they were independent enough to resist. Older movements centred on tenants and sharecroppers; new farmers' movements are led largely by surplus-producing owner cultivators.
- Shift in demands. Demands moved from the abolition of landlordism, tenancy rights and a fair share of the crop to market issues such as minimum support price, electricity tariffs and fertiliser costs.
- Varied forms. Kathleen Gough classified peasant uprisings into restorative, religious, social banditry, terrorist vengeance and mass insurrection types. Methods range from no-rent campaigns and satyagraha to armed struggle, rasta roko, dharnas and long sit-ins.
- Leadership and politics. Leadership has come from nationalists, communists and, later, farmer leaders who avoid party labels. Caste and regional ties often hold movements together, which also limits their spread.
Conclusion. Peasant movements in India reflect the changing agrarian economy. Their focus has moved from land and rent to prices and policy, but they remain a key form of resistance and mobilisation in Indian society.
Note what the question actually asks. It says "describe the features", so the five numbered features are the answer and the two historical blocks before them are evidence for those features, not the answer itself. A common mistake on this question is to write a chronology of movements and never state a feature — that loses most of the marks even when every date is right. Name the feature first, then cite the movement that shows it.
Questions answered only in the full file
The six questions below are printed exactly as in the June 2026 paper. Their answers are in the full solved file only.
2. What do you understand by ethnicity? Discuss its various forms. 20
3. Explain Gandhi's view on Secularism. 20
4. Write a critique of western imagination of India. 20
5. Discuss the characteristics and distribution of tribes in India. 20
6. Explain the process of the making of [the] Indian Constitution. 20
8. Examine the issues and actions of women's movements in the 1970s. 20
BSOC-104 Sociology of India-II syllabus: 3 blocks and 14 units
BSOC-104 has 3 blocks and 14 units: Ideas of India, Resistance, Mobilization and Change, and State and Society: Contesting Ideologies. The unit titles below come from the official eGyanKosh BSOC-104 course page. Beside each unit we list the themes IGNOU has actually examined, and whether June 2026 drew on it.
| Block | Unit | Themes set in IGNOU papers | June 2026 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Block 1: Ideas of India | 1 Multiple Images | Critique of western imagination of India; views of Marx and Weber on India | Q4 |
| 2 Gandhi and Ambedkar | Gandhi on satyagraha and non-violence; Ambedkar on marginalisation and social exclusion | Partly, via Q3 | |
| 3 Ideological Images of India | Plurality and the culture of accommodation; liberal imagination of India; social change and modernisation | Q1 | |
| 4 Ethnographic Images of India | Ethnographic image of India; Little and Great Traditions; caste as a hierarchical system | Q5 | |
| 5 Constitutional Foundations | Making of the Indian Constitution; fundamental rights and duties; basic features | Q6 | |
| Block 2: Resistance, Mobilization and Change | 6 Mobility and Change | Sanskritisation compared with Westernisation; caste and class mobility | None |
| 7 Ethnic Movements in India | Meaning and forms of ethnicity; factors behind ethnic upsurge | Q2 | |
| 8 Peasant Movements in India | Features of peasant movements; post-independence agrarian struggles | Q7 | |
| 9 Dalit Movements in India | Dalit mobilisation and consciousness; Dalit women's movement | None | |
| 10 Women's Movements in India | Issues and actions of the 1970s; institutional initiatives for women's empowerment | Q8 | |
| 11 Working Class Movements in India | Issues of workers' movements; features of the urban working class | None | |
| Block 3: State and Society: Contesting Ideologies | 12 Communalism | Fundamentalism versus communalism — set in the 2026-27 assignment | None |
| 13 Secularism | Secularisation versus secularism; Gandhi's view on secularism | Q3 | |
| 14 Nationalism | Concept of nationalism; principles of identifying a nation | None |
June 2026 drew its 8 questions from 8 of the 14 units · the five that fed nothing are Units 6, 9, 11, 12 and 14 · block split 4 – 3 – 1, with Block 1 giving four questions from five units and Block 3 giving one from three
Block 1 was unavoidable on this paper. Work the arithmetic: Block 1 gave four questions, Block 2 gave three and Block 3 gave one. You need five. Block 1 plus Block 2 gives you seven, and Block 1 plus Block 3 gives exactly five — but Block 2 plus Block 3 gives only four, one short of what you need. There was no way to pass this paper without Block 1.
Block 1 is also the densest part of the course: five units, four questions, so four of its five units were examined in a single session. Block 2 has six units and produced three questions; Block 3 has three units and produced one.
Two units were examined only in half. Unit 2 covers Gandhi and Ambedkar together, and June 2026 reached it only through Q3 on Gandhi's secularism — Ambedkar was not asked. Unit 3 covers plurality and social change together, and Q1 took the plurality half while social change and modernisation went untested. Both unexamined halves have a repeat record, which puts them on the December list in section 7.
If you want the unit notes alongside these answers, our BSOC-104 study material follows the same 14-unit order.
How the BSOC-104 June 2026 paper is set: 8 questions, attempt 5
The June 2026 paper prints 8 questions of 20 marks each, and you answer any five in about 400 words, for 100 marks in 3 hours.
| Element | June 2026 BSOC-104 paper |
|---|---|
| Questions printed | 8 — but the December 2021 and December 2023 papers printed 9 |
| Questions to attempt | Any 5 |
| Marks per question | 20, all equal |
| Expected length | About 400 words per answer |
| Total marks and time | 100 marks, 3 hours |
| Paper language | Bilingual, English followed by Hindi |
| Weightage in final result | Term-end exam 70 per cent, three TMAs 30 per cent |
8 questions · 20 marks each · 160 marks printed, 100 attempted · 180 minutes ÷ 5 = 36 minutes an answer · 400 words at 20 marks is exactly 20 words a mark, IGNOU's standard scale · on a 9-question paper the printed total rises to 180 marks, but you still attempt only five
The number of printed questions is not fixed on this course, and that is worth knowing before you walk in. June 2026 printed 8, but December 2021 and December 2023 each printed 9. It does not change what you write — five answers of 20 marks either way — but it does change your reading time and the choice in front of you. Read all the way to the end of the paper before you pick your five; on a 9-question paper there is an extra option that a student who stopped at the eighth question will never see.
There are no short notes or sections in BSOC-104. Every question is a full essay, so marks depend on a clear introduction, four to six developed points with thinkers or dates, and a short conclusion. The 20-words-a-mark scale here matches BSOC-101, BSOC-103 and the Hindi half of BSOC-102, so you can rely on it across the whole BASOH sociology core.
You can compare this format with earlier sessions on our IGNOU Previous Year Question Paper page.
Which Sociology of India-II topics keep returning in BSOC-104 papers?
We counted topics across eight official BSOC-104 papers: December 2020, December 2021, June 2022, December 2022, June 2023, December 2023, June 2025 and December 2025. The June 2024 and December 2024 files on ignou.ac.in are scanned images we could not read, so they are not counted. June 2026 is kept in its own column, outside the count.
| Topic | Unit | Sessions asked earlier | Papers (of 8) | In June 2026? |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plurality, pluralism and accommodation | 3 | Jun 2022, Dec 2022, Dec 2023, Jun 2025, Dec 2025 | 5 | Yes — Q1 |
| Women's movements and empowerment | 10 | Dec 2020, Jun 2022, Dec 2022, Dec 2023, Dec 2025 | 5 | Yes — Q8 |
| Ethnicity, ethnic identity and upsurge | 7 | Dec 2021, Jun 2022, Jun 2023, Jun 2025 | 4 | Yes — Q2 |
| Constitution: rights, features, making | 5 | Dec 2020, Dec 2021, Dec 2022, Jun 2023 | 4 | Yes — Q6 |
| Secularism and secularisation | 13 | Dec 2020, Dec 2023, Jun 2025, Dec 2025 | 4 | Yes — Q3 |
| Gandhi: satyagraha and marginalisation | 2 | Dec 2020, Jun 2022, Dec 2022, Dec 2023 | 4 | Yes — through Q3 |
| Ambedkar on marginalisation and philosophy | 2 | Dec 2021, Jun 2023, Jun 2025, Dec 2025 | 4 | No |
| Nationalism | 14 | Jun 2023, Dec 2023, Jun 2025, Dec 2025 | 4 | No |
| Social change and modernisation | 3 | Dec 2020, Jun 2022, Dec 2023, Dec 2025 | 4 | No |
| Peasant movements | 8 | Dec 2021, Jun 2022, Dec 2022 | 3 | Yes — Q7 |
| Sanskritisation and Westernisation | 6 | Dec 2021, Dec 2022, Dec 2025 | 3 | No |
| Western imagination of India | 1 | Dec 2021, Jun 2025 | 2 | Yes — Q4 |
| Tribes: characteristics and distribution | 4 | Dec 2022 | 1 | Yes — Q5 |
13 recurring topics tracked · 9 of the 13 appeared again in June 2026 · a reuse rate of 69 per cent · every one of the eight June 2026 questions falls on a theme IGNOU had set before — the newest is tribes, set once, in December 2022
Nothing above the four-paper mark was skipped. June 2026 took both of the five-paper topics — plurality and women's movements — and then skipped a cluster in the middle of the table. All four skipped topics sit at four or three papers out of eight, which is the band where a topic is clearly in rotation but not guaranteed every session.
Two of those four skips are the unexamined halves of units that were examined. Unit 2 gave Gandhi through Q3 and withheld Ambedkar, who has a four-paper record of his own. Unit 3 gave plurality as Q1 and withheld social change and modernisation, also on four papers. So on this paper, going back to a unit that already appeared is not wasted effort — you are going back for the half that did not.
What June 2026 left out: the December 2026 shortlist
Before the ranking, one honest note on method. The eight readable papers are five December sessions and three June ones, so this window is not balanced the way BSOC-102's and BSOC-103's are. That means a topic that merely leans December could be an artefact of there being more December papers to lean on. Below we report only the two session patterns that survive that imbalance — the ones where a topic scores zero on one side — and otherwise rank by the plain count.
| Topic | Unit | December papers (of 5) | June papers (of 3) | In June 2026? |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sanskritisation and Westernisation | 6 | 3 | 0 | No |
| Ethnicity, ethnic identity and upsurge | 7 | 1 | 3 | Yes |
Sanskritisation and Westernisation has been set in three December papers and has never been set in a June paper — June 2026 included, which makes it nought for four on the June side. Ethnicity runs exactly the other way: all three June papers, only one of the five December papers, and set again as Q2 in June 2026.
So the ranked additions for December 2026 are:
- Communalism (Unit 12). This is the one we would put first, and it is not in the repeat table at all — because in eight papers it has never been set. But IGNOU has placed fundamentalism versus communalism in the 2026-27 assignment, and on this course the assignment has repeatedly been a leading indicator of what the paper asks next. A whole unit with no exam history, sitting in the current TMA, in a block that gave only one of eight questions: that is the clearest gap on the page.
- Sanskritisation and Westernisation (Unit 6). Three of eight overall, three of five December papers, never once in a June paper, and skipped in June 2026. Three signals pointing the same way.
- Ambedkar on marginalisation (Unit 2). Four of eight, skipped — and the live half of the unit whose Gandhi half was just examined.
- Nationalism (Unit 14). Four of eight, skipped, and in the same thinly-examined Block 3 as communalism.
- Social change and modernisation (Unit 3). Four of eight, skipped, and the live half of the unit that gave Q1.
Two further units have no row in the table and fed nothing in June 2026: Unit 9 Dalit Movements and Unit 11 Working Class Movements. Neither appears in any of the eight papers we read, which puts them in the same position as communalism but without the assignment signal. Read them, but place them after the five above.
And the one to place lower for a December attempt is ethnicity — three of three June papers, one of five December, and just examined as Q2.
The caveats. Two sessions, June 2024 and December 2024, are scans we could not read, so the window has a two-session hole. And the window itself is tilted towards December. Prepare these topics because the counts and the assignment support them, not because a pattern guarantees them.
For a ranked list built on this pattern for the next term-end exam, see our IGNOU Solved Guess Paper page.
How our BSOC-104 answers are written and checked
Each answer is written from the eGyanKosh units, checked against earlier IGNOU papers, and reviewed before it goes into the file.
Prateek Talwar, Academic Head of Unnati Educations, drafts the answer plan for each question: which unit it belongs to, which thinkers and dates it needs, and how many points fit inside 400 words. A question like Gandhi's view on secularism needs his own phrases and positions, not a general essay on secularism — and this is the course where that distinction matters most, because several questions name a thinker inside a broader topic.
Sheetal Kirola (M.Ed., seven years of experience) then reviews every answer for accuracy and exam fit. Figures such as the 2011 Census religion shares, the 22 languages of the Eighth Schedule, the constitutional articles and the movement dates are checked against official sources, so you are not memorising a wrong year or a wrong article number.
Students who need papers for other courses in the same programme can browse our BASOH question paper collection, written to the same standard.
BSOC-104 solved file index: all 8 questions mapped to units
BSOC-104 is a theory-only course with no practical or record work, so the index below lists all 8 exam questions instead: their units, and where each answer is available.
| Q. no. | Question as printed | Course unit | Answer |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Describe the tradition of plurality and the culture of accommodation in Indian society. | Unit 3 Ideological Images of India (Block 1) | On this page |
| 2 | What do you understand by ethnicity? Discuss its various forms. | Unit 7 Ethnic Movements in India (Block 2) | Full file only |
| 3 | Explain Gandhi's view on Secularism. | Unit 13 Secularism, with Unit 2 Gandhi and Ambedkar (Blocks 3 and 1) | Full file only |
| 4 | Write a critique of western imagination of India. | Unit 1 Multiple Images (Block 1) | Full file only |
| 5 | Discuss the characteristics and distribution of tribes in India. | Unit 4 Ethnographic Images of India (Block 1) | Full file only |
| 6 | Explain the process of the making of [the] Indian Constitution. | Unit 5 Constitutional Foundations (Block 1) | Full file only |
| 7 | Describe the features of peasant movements in India. | Unit 8 Peasant Movements in India (Block 2) | On this page |
| 8 | Examine the issues and actions of women's movements in the 1970s. | Unit 10 Women's Movements in India (Block 2) | Full file only |
Read the index by its question verbs and a second plan appears. Three questions say "discuss" (Q2, Q5, Q8 — "examine" works the same way), three say "describe" or "explain the process" (Q1, Q6, Q7), and two set you a specific task: Q3 explains one thinker's position and Q4 asks for a critique. The two task questions are where students lose marks, because a critique that only summarises the western imagination of India, without arguing against it, answers a different question. If you plan to attempt Q4, plan the objections first and the summary second.
The file covers the 2 answers shown here plus 6 more, so all 8 questions are answered. You can pick any five to revise deeply, or read all eight for full coverage.
Programmes that include BSOC-104 Sociology of India-II
BSOC-104 Sociology of India-II is a Semester II core course in IGNOU's B.A. (Honours) Sociology (BASOH) and is also set for BAFSO, the four-year sociology major. The June 2026 paper itself is headed B.A. (Honours) Sociology (BASOH), and the 2026-27 assignment booklet names both programmes.
If you are enrolled in the IGNOU Bachelor of Arts (Honours) Sociology programme, this course comes right after Sociology of India-I. With BSOC-104 the first year is complete: Semester I is BSOC-101 Introduction to Sociology-I and BSOC-102 Sociology of India-I; Semester II is BSOC-103 Introduction to Sociology-II and BSOC-104 Sociology of India-II. The two Sociology of India papers are a pair worth preparing together, since BSOC-102's colonial, nationalist and subaltern discourses are the background to BSOC-104's ideas, movements and contesting ideologies.
Students in other BA streams sometimes take BSOC-104 as an option. Check your own programme guide or study centre before relying on this paper for a different course code.
Get the full BSOC-104 Solved Question Paper on WhatsApp
Message WhatsApp 9899436384 to get the full solved file with all 8 June 2026 answers, including the 6 not shown on this page.
Send the course code BSOC 104 and the session June 2026. The file includes Q2 on forms of ethnicity, Q3 on Gandhi's view on secularism, Q4 on the critique of western imagination, Q5 on tribes, Q6 on the making of the Constitution and Q8 on women's movements of the 1970s.
If your December 2026 exam is close, start with Q1 and Q8 — plurality and women's movements are the two five-paper themes of this course. Then add the topics June 2026 skipped, which section 7 ranks for you.
BSOC-104 FAQs on the Sociology of India-II June 2026 paper
How do I get the full BSOC-104 Solved Question Paper for June 2026?
Message WhatsApp 9899436384 with the course code BSOC 104 and the session June 2026. The full file answers all 8 questions from the paper — the 2 sample answers shown on this page plus 6 more on ethnicity, Gandhi and secularism, western imagination, tribes, the Constitution and women's movements. Each answer is written to about 400 words, matching the 20-mark format of the term-end exam.
How many questions must I attempt in the BSOC-104 term-end exam?
You must attempt any five. The June 2026 paper printed 8 questions, each worth 20 marks, for a total of 100 marks in 3 hours — about 36 minutes an answer. IGNOU asks for about 400 words per answer. Some earlier papers, such as December 2021 and December 2023, printed 9 questions, so always read the whole paper before choosing your five.
Which BSOC-104 Sociology of India-II topics are repeated most often?
Plurality and the culture of accommodation, and women's movements, are the most repeated topics, each asked in 5 of the 8 papers we read from December 2020 to December 2025. Ethnicity, the Constitution, secularism, Gandhi, Ambedkar, nationalism and social change each appeared four times. Every one of the eight June 2026 questions came from a theme that had been set before, so revising the repeats gives strong coverage.
Which BSOC-104 topics did June 2026 leave out?
Four from the repeat table: Ambedkar on marginalisation, nationalism, social change and modernisation, and Sanskritisation compared with Westernisation. Two of those are the unexamined halves of units that did appear — Unit 2 gave Gandhi but not Ambedkar, and Unit 3 gave plurality but not social change. Three units have no exam history at all in the eight papers we read: communalism, Dalit movements and working class movements.
Which BSOC-104 topics should I add for a December exam?
Start with communalism from Unit 12. It has never been set in the eight papers we read, but IGNOU has placed fundamentalism versus communalism in the 2026-27 assignment, and the assignment has been a reliable pointer on this course. Then add Sanskritisation and Westernisation, which has been set in three December papers and never in a June one, followed by Ambedkar, nationalism, and social change and modernisation. Two sessions in our window are unreadable scans, so treat the ranking as well-supported rather than certain.
How many blocks and units are there in BSOC-104 Sociology of India-II?
BSOC-104 has 3 blocks and 14 units on eGyanKosh. Block 1, Ideas of India, has Units 1 to 5. Block 2, Resistance, Mobilization and Change, has Units 6 to 11 on mobility, ethnic, peasant, Dalit, women's and working class movements. Block 3, State and Society: Contesting Ideologies, has Units 12 to 14 on communalism, secularism and nationalism. June 2026 drew four questions from Block 1, three from Block 2 and one from Block 3.
Is BSOC-104 a 6-credit course and how is it evaluated?
Yes, BSOC-104 is a 6-credit core course, so you submit three Tutor Marked Assignments in the session. Assignments carry 30 per cent weightage in your final result and the term-end exam carries 70 per cent. The exam is a 100-mark, 3-hour essay paper. You must submit your assignments on time to be eligible to sit the term-end exam for this course.
Which programmes include the BSOC-104 Sociology of India-II course?
BSOC-104 is a Semester II core course in IGNOU's B.A. (Honours) Sociology programme, coded BASOH. The 2026-27 assignment booklet also lists BAFSO, the four-year Bachelor of Arts major in sociology. Students of other BA streams who take this course as an option should confirm with their programme guide that BSOC-104 is the right course code for them.
Will the BSOC-104 June 2026 answers help in the December 2026 exam?
Yes, because IGNOU repeats themes heavily in this course — all eight June 2026 questions came from themes set before. Plurality, Gandhi, western imagination and peasant movements have each been set more than once. The exact wording may change, but a well-built 400-word answer on a repeated theme can be adapted quickly. Pair the file with the unit notes, and add the skipped topics listed on this page.
Are the BSOC-104 answers written from IGNOU study material?
Yes, every answer is planned from the eGyanKosh units for Sociology of India-II, such as Unit 3 Ideological Images of India and Unit 8 Peasant Movements in India. Facts like census figures, constitutional articles and movement dates are checked against official sources. Each answer is then reviewed by Sheetal Kirola for accuracy and exam-ready structure before it is added to the file.
About the authors
This page was prepared by the academic team at Unnati Educations, which has been helping IGNOU, NIOS, MDU Rohtak and GGSIPU students with solved papers and assignment support for over a decade.
Prateek Talwar, Academic Head, drafted the answer plans for the BSOC-104 questions and built the unit mapping and repeat analysis on this page, including the block arithmetic that shows Block 1 was unavoidable and the assignment-based case for communalism. He reads every official paper in a series before a single answer is drafted.
Sheetal Kirola (M.Ed.), with seven years of experience guiding IGNOU and B.Ed learners, reviewed this page and the solved file against the printed question wording and the 400-word limit, and verified the factual detail used — the 2011 Census religion shares and its 121 languages, the 22 languages of the Eighth Schedule, Ashoka's Rock Edict XII, Akbar's sulh-i-kul, Redfield and Marriott on Little and Great Traditions, Articles 25 to 30 and the Fifth and Sixth Schedules, the States Reorganisation Act of 1956, and the peasant-movement chronology from the Indigo Revolt of 1859 to the farm-law repeal of 2021, with Alavi on middle peasants and Gough's five types of uprising.