Every NIOS learner sitting the Economics paper this session needs the same thing first, a clean and checked set of assignment answers they can actually submit. The NIOS Class 12 Economics 318 Solved TMA on this page covers the full October 2026 tutor marked assignment, worked out question by question from the current NIOS textbook. You will see every question exactly as it sits in your booklet, two complete answers so you can judge the writing yourself, and a simple way to collect the rest.
Written by Prateek Talwar. Reviewed by Rohit Sharma, Senior NIOS Counsellor. Last updated 18 July 2026.
We do not paraphrase your assignment or hand you rough notes. Each answer is written to the word range NIOS asks for, in the tone examiners expect, and mapped to the exact lesson it comes from. What follows is built to be read, checked and trusted before you decide.
Full List of Economics 318 TMA Questions for the 2026 Session
Below is the complete question set from the October 2026 Economics 318 assignment, reproduced as printed so you can match it against your own booklet before you rely on anything. Groups one to three ask for one answer each in forty to sixty words. Groups four and five ask for one answer each in one hundred to one hundred and fifty words. Group six is a single project.
Q1. Answer any one of the following questions in about 40-60 words.
(a) “In spite of achieving remarkable progress in the economic growth of the country, India is still a developing economy”. List out any four reason.
(b) “During post independence period Indian economy was facing challenges to mobilize the available resources in a right direction but it could not be possible without effective economic planning”. Justify the importance of economic planning in the light of the statement.
Q2. Answer any one of the following questions in about 40-60 words.
(a) Your teacher has given instruction to use primary data in the project work for internal assessment as per guidelines provided by CBSE Board Examination. Following the instruction, list out various methods of collecting primary data.
(b) The following are the marks (out of 100) of 60 students in Science: 55, 26, 95, 31, 7, 78, 92, 62, 52, 56, 15, 63, 25, 36, 54, 44, 47, 27, 72, 16, 13, 55, 80, 86, 17, 51, 48, 24, 56, 70, 19, 61, 17, 16, 36, 34, 42, 34, 35, 72, 55, 75, 31, 52, 28, 72, 97, 74, 45, 62, 68, 86, 35, 85, 36, 81, 75, 34, 24, 30. Prepare ‘Exclusive and inclusive series’ with tally sheet and frequency of the given series by taking class interval 5.
Q3. Answer any one of the following questions in about 40-60 words.
(a) “Agricultural sector is responsible to increase the extent of disguised unemployment in our economy.” Explain the statement with example.
(b) “The concept sustainable development provides the basis of preserving our available resources for the development of economy globally”. Explain reasons.
Q4. Answer any one of the following questions in 100-150 words.
(a) Prepare pie diagram of given expenditure of a family on various items. Food 250, Clothing 100, Housing 132, Comforts 50, Education 34, Miscellaneous 34, Total 600.
(b) “Statistics plays a very important role in the field of economics. There is need of statistical data in every walk of life. No field of study is complete without the supporting quantitative information about that field”. Taking the concept into your consideration, explain need and scope of statistics.
Q5. Answer any one of the following questions in 100-150 words.
(a) Positive economics relates to the phenomenon of ‘what is’ which is based on facts whereas Normative economics deals with the issue of ‘what ought to be’ and is based on value judgment. Elaborate the statement with suitable example.
(b) Mr. X is the owner of a production unit at Sahibabad Industrial Zone. After one year, he experienced the three stages of production but he decided to continue his production of goods in the 2nd stage of production. Why? Give reasons.
Q6. Prepare any one project as given below.
(A) Prepare a Project work on ‘The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS)’ introduced by the Govt. under the structure of following headings: Introduction; Meaning and present situation of employment in the recent years; A brief description of the scheme; Objectives and relevance of the scheme in the context of Indian economy; Conclusion and Suggestions.
(B) Prepare a project on the Profit maximization condition of a FIRM. Visit a firm located in the nearby locality and collect data related to cost of production and revenue of total 700 units of output under the following headings: Introduction; Objectives; Concept of TR and TC approach and equilibrium condition; Presentation of Schedule; Graphical Presentation; Interpretation.
That is the entire assignment. Two of these questions are answered in full just below so you can weigh the quality yourself, and the complete set for all six groups is ready to send.
Sample Answers From Our NIOS Class 12 Economics 318 Solved TMA
Here are two finished answers pulled straight from the pack, one short and one long, so you can see the standard rather than take our word for it. Notice the structure, the word discipline and the examples. That is the same treatment every remaining question receives.
Sample 1, from Q1 (a): India is still a developing economy, list any four reasons.
India is still a developing economy due to:
1. Low per capita income – India’s average income is far below developed nations.
2. Heavy population pressure – Rapid population growth burdens resources.
3. Dependence on agriculture – A large workforce relies on low-productivity farming.
4. Poverty and inequality – A significant share of the population remains below the poverty line with unequal wealth distribution.
Sample 2, from Q5 (a): Positive economics versus normative economics.
Positive economics explains economic facts as they actually exist. It is descriptive, objective, and supported by statistical data. For example, “India’s literacy rate is 74%” is a positive statement because it is based on factual data and can be verified. It does not involve opinions or judgments. Normative economics, in contrast, deals with value-based judgments and prescribes what should be done to improve economic welfare. For instance, “The government should increase spending on education to raise literacy” is a normative statement. It reflects opinions on desired goals and involves debates and policy framing. Thus, positive economics answers “what is,” while normative economics answers “what ought to be.” Both are interdependent: normative policies need positive data for justification, while positive facts often give rise to normative discussions. Therefore, economics requires both approaches to fully analyze problems and suggest solutions for society.
The short answer holds its four points inside the word limit and the long answer builds a clear two-side comparison with real examples. The remaining questions, including the numerical series, the pie diagram with correct sector angles and both project options, follow the same care.
Get the complete Economics 318 assignment answers
Send us a message and we will share the full worked solution for every question group, ready to write up and submit.
What the NIOS Class 12 Economics 318 Solved TMA Covers and Why It Matters
The Economics 318 tutor marked assignment carries internal marks that sit alongside your final written paper, so a weak or copied submission quietly pulls down a result you have already worked hard for. This set answers that risk directly. It handles all six question groups in the 2026 assignment, from the short forty to sixty word answers up to the full project work, and keeps each response inside the NIOS marking pattern.
This page is one part of the wider NIOS Class 12 Solved TMA collection our team maintains every session, but Economics 318 gets its own dedicated treatment because the subject leans heavily on definitions, diagrams and worked numerical series that generic answer keys tend to get wrong. A pie diagram with the wrong angles or a frequency table with a broken tally costs marks, so those are the parts we double check.
The short version is simple. You get accuracy on the technical answers, the correct length on the descriptive ones, and project work that follows the exact heading structure the booklet prints. That combination is what turns a submitted assignment into secured internal marks.
How We Prepare Each Economics 318 TMA Answer
Our process starts with the booklet, not a template. A counsellor reads the actual 2026 Economics 318 questions, identifies which lesson each one draws from, and then writes the answer from that chapter of the current NIOS textbook. The definition questions are checked against the book wording, the numerical questions are solved step by step, and the project work is arranged under the exact headings NIOS prints.
Length matters more than students expect. A forty to sixty word answer that runs to two hundred words reads as padded, and a one hundred to one hundred and fifty word answer that stops at forty looks thin. We hold each response to its band, which is the same discipline we apply to every NIOS Solved TMA we release.
The technical items get extra attention because they are where marks leak. For the frequency series we build both the exclusive and inclusive tables with a matching tally and a total of sixty. For the pie diagram we convert each expenditure figure into its correct degree share so the sectors are accurate. For the profit project we present a clean TR and TC schedule and read the equilibrium output from it rather than asserting a number.
Chapters Covered in the NIOS Economics 318 Book
The 2026 assignment does not sample the syllabus evenly. It leans on the statistics lessons, the planning lessons, the production and profit theory near the middle of the book, and the closing lessons on employment and sustainable development. The table below lists the chapters in the NIOS Economics 318 book with the key topics worth mastering, so you can see where each answer comes from and revise the right pages.
Learners opening the NIOS Class 12 Syllabus usually notice how much this stage expects, since Class 12 Economics adds diagrams, worked numericals and analytical comparisons rather than plain recall. Reading the chapter map first makes that shift far less daunting.
| Chapter in the NIOS Economics 318 book | Key topics to master for the TMA and board exam |
|---|---|
| Economy and Its Processes | Production, consumption, exchange and distribution as the four processes of an economy |
| Basic Problems of an Economy | What, how and for whom to produce, scarcity, choice and the production possibility curve |
| Economic Development and Indian Economy | Growth versus development, features of a developing economy and India’s current status |
| Statistics: Meaning and Scope | Statistics in the plural and singular sense, its need, scope and limitations |
| Making Statistical Data Meaningful | Primary and secondary data, methods of collecting primary data and classification |
| Presentation of Statistical Data | Tables, bar diagrams, the pie diagram and frequency distribution with tally marks |
| Statistical Methods | Mean, median and mode and other measures of central tendency |
| Index Numbers: Meaning and Construction | Price index, base year and the construction of a weighted index |
| Index Numbers: Problems and Uses | Cost of living index, measuring inflation and the limitations of index numbers |
| Income Flows | Circular flow of income and the two-sector and four-sector models |
| National Income: Concepts | GDP, GNP, NNP and per capita income and how they differ |
| National Income: Measurement | Product method, income method and expenditure method of measurement |
| Uses of National Income Estimates | Comparing living standards and using estimates for policy and planning |
| What Micro Economics is All About | Microeconomics versus macroeconomics and the scope of micro analysis |
| What Affects Demand | Law of demand, determinants of demand and elasticity of demand |
| What Affects Supply | Law of supply, determinants of supply and elasticity of supply |
| Price Determination | Market equilibrium and how demand and supply set the price |
| Cost | Fixed and variable cost, explicit and implicit cost and short-run cost curves |
| Revenue | Total, average and marginal revenue under different market forms |
| Profit Maximisation | TR-TC and MR-MC approaches, producer equilibrium and the three stages of production |
| Government Budgeting | Budget receipts and expenditure, budget types and the fiscal deficit |
| Money Supply and Its Regulation | Functions of money, the role of the RBI and credit control |
| Need for Planning in India | Objectives of planning, the Five Year Plans and mobilising scarce resources |
| Achievements of Planning in India | Gains and gaps in agriculture, industry and infrastructure since independence |
| Recent Economic Reforms | Liberalisation, privatisation and globalisation and their effects |
| Employment and Unemployment | Types of unemployment, disguised unemployment and schemes such as MGNREGS |
| Poverty | The poverty line, causes of poverty and measures taken to reduce it |
| Inequalities in Income | Income inequality, its causes and the Lorenz curve as a measure |
| Human and Sustainable Development | Human development indicators, resource conservation and sustainable development |
Chapter titles follow the NIOS Economics 318 course material. Confirm the exact lesson numbering against your own printed booklet, as NIOS occasionally revises the order between editions.
Marks Rules and Submission for the Economics 318 TMA
The tutor marked assignment is your internal component in Economics 318, and it is graded by your allotted tutor at your study centre. You attempt one option from each choice pair, keep to the stated word ranges, and complete one of the two projects in full. A tidy, correctly formatted submission is easier to mark well, which is exactly why the length and headings on our answers are not left to chance.
If the whole idea of an assignment like this is still new to you, our plain explainer on the NIOS TMA walks through how it fits into your final result and how the marks are combined with your written paper. It is worth a read before your first submission so nothing about the process catches you off guard.
Handwriting the assignment yourself is a good idea even when you start from our worked answers, because a tutor is more likely to trust a submission in your own hand. Treat our set as the reliable source you copy from and adapt, not as a printout to hand in as is.
How to Get the Complete Economics 318 Solved TMA
Collecting the full pack takes one message. Tell us you need the 2026 Economics 318 assignment, choose whether you want the answers as a PDF or a handwritten file, and we will send it across on WhatsApp along with anything you need clarified. Handwritten copies take a little longer to prepare, so it helps to ask a few days before your submission date.
You have already seen two full answers and the exact questions they belong to, so there are no surprises about what arrives. What you receive is the finished set for all six question groups, written to the marking pattern shown above.
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Who Should Use This Economics 318 TMA Solution
This is built for the learner who understands the subject reasonably well but wants a dependable model to check length, structure and accuracy against before submitting. It also suits students who joined the session late and are short on time, and anyone who has lost marks before on the numerical or diagram questions and does not want a repeat.
Students preparing several subjects at once often pair this with the rest of our NIOS Study Material, so their whole assignment load moves at one pace instead of stalling on Economics alone. If you are revising for the written paper in parallel, the chapter map above doubles as a quick topic checklist.
What this is not is a shortcut around learning the subject. The answers are a scaffold. Read them, understand why each point is there, and you walk into the written exam with the same material already half revised.
Frequently Asked Questions on the Economics 318 Solved TMA
Is this Economics 318 Solved TMA prepared for the 2026 session?
Yes. These answers follow the October 2026 Economics 318 tutor marked assignment exactly as issued by NIOS. Every question shown on this page is taken from the current booklet, and each answer is worked from the latest NIOS textbook. That means what you submit matches this session rather than an older assignment set that would no longer be accepted.
How many Economics 318 TMA questions are answered in the full pack?
All of them. The pack covers every question group in the 2026 Economics 318 assignment, and where the booklet gives a choice we solve the option that is cleaner to write and score. On this page two answers are shown as samples, while the complete set for the remaining groups, including both project choices, is shared once you message us.
Are the numerical Economics 318 answers like the pie diagram accurate?
They are checked carefully. The frequency series is built with matching tally marks and a correct total of sixty, and the pie diagram converts each expenditure figure into its exact degree share so the sectors are drawn correctly. The profit project presents a clean revenue and cost schedule and reads the equilibrium output from the data instead of stating a figure without support.
Can I get the Economics 318 TMA as a handwritten file?
Yes. You can choose a typed PDF or a handwritten copy when you message us. Many learners prefer handwritten work because a tutor tends to trust a submission that looks personally prepared. Handwritten files take a little longer to produce, so it is best to request the Economics 318 pack a few days before your submission deadline.
Will submitting this Economics 318 Solved TMA affect my internal marks fairly?
Used correctly, it supports your marks rather than putting them at risk. Copy the answers into your own hand, adjust any example to suit your study centre guidance, and keep the length within the stated bands. The material follows the NIOS marking pattern, so a neatly written submission based on it reads as genuine work and is graded on its merits.
Which chapters does the Economics 318 TMA draw on the most?
The 2026 assignment leans on statistics, economic planning, production theory and the closing development chapters. You will see topics such as methods of collecting primary data, frequency series, the pie diagram, disguised unemployment, sustainable development, positive versus normative economics and the three stages of production. The chapter table on this page maps each of these back to its lesson for revision.
Disclaimer: This page is an independent academic support resource. Unnati Educations is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or officially connected to the National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS). Question text is reproduced from the NIOS Economics 318 tutor marked assignment for reference and revision. Learners should verify all details against their official NIOS booklet and portal before submission.
Sources: NIOS Senior Secondary Economics (318) course material and syllabus, nios.ac.in. Economics 318 tutor marked assignment, October 2026.
