Sociology is a scoring subject once you practise the questions examiners keep returning to, instead of trying to memorise every chapter word for word. This page brings you a hand-picked set of NIOS Class 12 Sociology 331 Objective Type Questions with answers for the 2026 session, prepared after studying past papers and reading the complete NIOS Sociology textbook. Real samples from each objective format sit below, so you can judge the quality before you ask for the full set.
Written by Prateek Talwar · Reviewed by Jyoti Sharma, Senior NIOS Counsellor · Last updated 17 July 2026
We have kept the wording simple and the answers short, since most learners revising for the paper want a clear response and a quick reason, not long theory. Every sample carries the correct answer with a one-line explanation, so you understand why an option is right rather than learning it by rote. Read the samples first, then decide.
NIOS Class 12 Sociology 331 Objective Type Questions for the 2026 Session
Sociology 331 moves from basic concepts and research methods into social institutions, social change and the study of Indian society, so a clear map of what to revise saves real time. This collection gathers the ideas examiners test most often into four objective formats, giving you a resource you can finish across a few focused sittings and still feel ready for the objective section of the paper.
The set is aligned to the current session so the coverage matches what students can expect in 2026. If you want to see how this subject fits within the wider course before you start revising, our NIOS Syllabus page lays out the structure clearly, which pairs well with the topic table further down.
Chapter Wise List of NIOS Sociology 331 Topics Covered
The full booklet covers all twenty two lessons of the Sociology 331 course, moving from foundational concepts into social institutions, social change and Indian society. The table below lists each lesson with its NIOS code and the specific topics it focuses on, so you can head straight to the areas you find hardest. The samples further down are drawn from a few of these lessons.
| S. No. | Lesson | Chapter Name | Key Topics in This Lesson |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | L-3 | Sociology and Its Relationship with Other Social Sciences | Sociology compared with history, political science and psychology |
| 2 | L-4 | Methods and Techniques in Research of Sociology | Observation, survey, interview and case study methods |
| 3 | L-5 | Society, Community, Association and Institution | Meaning and difference between the four basic concepts |
| 4 | L-6 | Social Group | Primary and secondary groups, in-group and out-group |
| 5 | L-12 | Marriage | Meaning, forms and social functions of marriage |
| 6 | L-13 | Family | Joint and nuclear family, functions of the family |
| 7 | L-14 | Kinship | Kinship types, rules of descent and lineage |
| 8 | L-16 | Social Stratification | Class, caste and status based hierarchy |
| 9 | L-17 | Factors of Social Change | Physical, technological and cultural factors |
| 10 | L-18 | Processes of Social Change | Evolution, diffusion, modernisation and sanskritisation |
| 11 | L-19 | Socialization as a Process of Learning | Agencies and stages of socialisation |
| 12 | L-20 | Social Control | Formal and informal control, norms and sanctions |
| 13 | L-26 | Indian Society Tribal, Rural and Urban | Features of tribal, rural and urban communities |
| 14 | L-27 | Caste System in India | Jati and Varna, features of the caste system |
| 15 | L-28 | Major Religious Communities in India | Religious diversity and major communities |
| 16 | L-29 | Major Social Problems of India | Poverty, unemployment and related problems |
| 17 | L-30 | Problems of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes | Discrimination and constitutional safeguards |
| 18 | L-31 | Problems of Other Deprived Sections | Issues of minorities, the aged and the disabled |
| 19 | L-32A | Status of Women in Indian Society | Historical status and the changing role of women |
| 20 | L-33A | Gender Discrimination and Gender Equality | Gender roles, equality and empowerment |
| 21 | L-32B | Culture Concept and Characteristics | Meaning, material and non-material culture |
| 22 | L-33B | Indian Cultural Heritage | Vedas, epics, art forms and folk traditions |
If you would like the same lesson wise treatment for your other subjects too, our NIOS Class 12 Objective Type Questions section groups these booklets subject by subject so your revision stays tidy through the whole year.
Sample NIOS Sociology 331 Multiple Choice Questions
Here are six multiple choice samples taken straight from the booklet, drawn from more than one lesson so you can see the range. Each carries the correct option and a short reason, and every extract is kept word for word from the source.
Sociology and Other Social Sciences
Q1. Which of the following best explains why sociology is considered a distinct social science?
A. It studies only individual behaviour
B. It studies society as a whole using a comparative approach
C. It deals only with economic activities
D. It focuses exclusively on political institutions
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Sociology is distinct because it studies society as a whole rather than focusing on a single aspect like politics or economics. Its comparative nature allows sociologists to study social relationships, institutions, and patterns across different societies and contexts.
Sociology and Other Social Sciences
Q2. The primary difference between sociology and history lies in their focus on:
A. Methods of data collection
B. Social institutions
C. Time orientation
D. Use of documents
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: History is mainly concerned with past events and specific periods, while sociology focuses largely on present or contemporary societies.
Marriage
Q3. Marriage is regarded as a socially approved relationship mainly because it:
A. Exists between adults only
B. Is based on personal choice
C. Regulates sexual behaviour within society
D. Is compulsory for all individuals
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Marriage is socially approved because it provides a stable and accepted framework for regulating sexual relations. This regulation distinguishes marriage from other temporary or informal relationships.
Marriage
Q4. Which feature clearly differentiates marriage from purely biological mating?
A. Emotional attachment
B. Legal registration
C. Social approval and obligation
D. Presence of children
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Marriage is not merely a biological act but a socially recognised institution. It carries obligations, rights, and duties sanctioned by society, unlike biological mating.
Caste System in India
Q5. Which of the following best explains the meaning of caste as discussed in the chapter?
A. A voluntary social association based on interest
B. A hereditary endogamous group with common culture
C. A flexible economic grouping
D. A political pressure group
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Caste is defined as a hereditary and endogamous social group. Membership is determined by birth, not by choice. Each caste shares a common name, occupation, culture, and social status.
Caste System in India
Q6. Which feature of caste system explains the division of society into distinct social units?
A. Hierarchy
B. Endogamy
C. Segmental division
D. Purity and pollution
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Segmental division means society is divided into various castes, each having its own lifestyle, customs, and rules. These segments function almost independently, and membership is fixed by birth.
Sample Sociology 331 Fill in the Blanks Questions
The fill in the blanks format checks whether you remember the exact term or concept. These samples come from the lesson on sociology and other social sciences, and they appear here exactly as in the booklet.
Sociology and Other Social Sciences
Q1. Sociology studies society as a ________ rather than focusing on isolated individuals.
Answer: whole
Explanation: Sociology is concerned with society in its totality. It examines social relationships, institutions, and structures as interconnected parts of a larger social whole.
Sociology and Other Social Sciences
Q2. The main focus of sociology is on ________ societies rather than past societies.
Answer: contemporary
Explanation: Unlike history, which concentrates on the past, sociology mainly studies present-day or contemporary societies to understand ongoing social processes.
Sociology and Other Social Sciences
Q3. History primarily depends on ________ and written records for the study of the past.
Answer: documents
Explanation: Historians rely heavily on documents and written records to reconstruct past events, which distinguishes history from sociology.
Sociology and Other Social Sciences
Q4. Political science is mainly concerned with the study of the ________ and government.
Answer: state
Explanation: Political science focuses on the state, government, power, and political institutions, while sociology examines their social foundations.
Sample Sociology 331 True and False Statements
True and false statements are where careless slips cost marks, because a single word changes the meaning. Read each one slowly. These samples are from the lesson on sociology and other social sciences and are reproduced without any change.
Sociology and Other Social Sciences
Q1. Sociology studies society by focusing mainly on individual behaviour in isolation.
Answer: False
Explanation: Sociology studies society as a whole. Its focus is on social relationships, institutions, and collective patterns rather than isolated individual behaviour.
Sociology and Other Social Sciences
Q2. Sociology is primarily concerned with contemporary societies rather than past societies.
Answer: True
Explanation: Sociology mainly studies present-day social life and ongoing social processes. While it may use historical material, its primary concern is contemporary society.
Sociology and Other Social Sciences
Q3. History and sociology use identical methods for studying society.
Answer: False
Explanation: History relies mainly on documents and written records to study past events, whereas sociology uses observation, surveys, fieldwork, and comparison to study social relationships.
Sociology and Other Social Sciences
Q4. The concept of social control is irrelevant to the study of political institutions.
Answer: False
Explanation: Social control is an important concept linking sociology and political science, as it explains how societies maintain order through norms, laws, and institutions.
Sample Sociology 331 Match the Following Sets
Match the following rewards a clear grasp of how each social science connects to its focus. A full set from the opening lesson is shown below with its answer key, exactly as in the booklet.
Set 1: Social Sciences and Their Focus
| Column I | Column II |
|---|---|
| (i) Sociology | (A) Study of individual mental processes |
| (ii) History | (B) Technology of action |
| (iii) Political Science | (C) Study of society as a whole |
| (iv) Social Work | (D) Study of past events through documents |
| (v) Psychology | (E) Study of state and government |
Correct Matching: (i) C, (ii) D, (iii) E, (iv) B, (v) A
Sample Pages from the NIOS Sociology 331 Booklet
To show you the format and print quality, here are a few sample pages from the actual booklet. The full version keeps this same clean layout across all twenty two lessons, so revision stays comfortable on both phone and paper.
Objective questions sample page
Fill in the blanks and true false sample
Match the following sample page
Want the complete Sociology 331 question set?
These are only a handful of samples. The full booklet carries every multiple choice, fill in the blanks, true and false, and match the following question with answers for all twenty two lessons. Message us on WhatsApp and we will share the details.
How These NIOS Class 12 Sociology Objective Type Questions Were Prepared
These NIOS Class 12 Sociology Objective Type Questions were not copied from a single guide. Our team studied several years of question papers to spot the concepts that keep returning, then read the complete NIOS Sociology textbook lesson by lesson so that no examinable idea was left out. Only after that groundwork did we frame the questions, which is why each one reflects both the book and the real examination style.
To keep the practice realistic, we checked those recurring patterns against the actual papers in our NIOS Previous Year Question Paper collection. That comparison shaped the four formats you see here, namely multiple choice, fill in the blanks, true and false, and match the following.
The four objective formats you get for every lesson
Multiple choice questions build quick recognition of the right option under exam pressure. Fill in the blanks test whether you recall the exact term or concept. True and false statements catch the fine distinctions that quietly cost marks. Match the following links thinkers, concepts and definitions together. Together these formats mirror the objective portion of the Sociology 331 paper closely.
Get the Complete NIOS Class 12 Sociology 331 Objective Type Questions Booklet
The complete Sociology 331 objective question booklet is built for one job, helping you clear the paper with less guesswork. It brings every objective format for all twenty two lessons into one document, with a correct answer and a short reason under each question. That means your time goes into practising, not hunting through scattered notes and old files.
You also get answers explained in plain words, so a topic like social stratification or the caste system that felt hard in class starts to make sense on revision. If you like to study more than one subject together, browse our wider NIOS Study Material so your Sociology preparation sits alongside the rest of your session in one place.
Request your copy today
Send a quick message and tell us you need the Sociology 331 objective question booklet for 2026. Our team replies with the sample check, pricing and delivery over WhatsApp so you can decide with full clarity.
Who Benefits Most from These NIOS Sociology 331 Objective Questions
Repeaters and first-time candidates both gain from these NIOS Sociology 331 Objective Questions, because objective marks are the easiest to secure with focused practice. Learners short on time can revise the whole objective section quickly, while those aiming for a higher score can use the explanations to close gaps in understanding.
Self-study candidates find the set especially useful, since it replaces guesswork with a clear map of what to expect. If you are a junior still planning your stream, comparing the study load through the NIOS Class 10 Syllabus can help you plan ahead before you reach the senior secondary Sociology paper.
NIOS Class 12 Sociology Objective Type Questions FAQs
How many questions does the full NIOS Sociology 331 booklet contain?
The full NIOS Sociology 331 booklet carries a large question bank spread across all twenty two lessons of the course. Each lesson includes multiple choice, fill in the blanks, true and false, and match the following items with answers. The exact count is shared over WhatsApp when you request the booklet, since we refresh the set every session to match the current pattern.
Do these NIOS Class 12 Sociology Objective Type Questions include answers and explanations?
Yes, every question in the NIOS Class 12 Sociology Objective Type Questions set comes with a clearly marked correct answer. Most items also carry a short one-line explanation that tells you why the answer is right. This helps you understand the concept during revision instead of only memorising options, which is what makes the objective section easier to score in the paper.
Are the NIOS Sociology 331 objective type questions based on the 2026 pattern?
These NIOS Sociology 331 objective type questions are prepared for the 2026 session and follow the current examination pattern. We build them by studying recent question papers and the complete NIOS Sociology textbook, so the topics and formats reflect what students can realistically expect. The set is refreshed each session, which keeps your practice aligned with the latest structure.
Which chapters of Sociology 331 are covered in these Objective Type Questions?
All twenty two lessons of Sociology 331 are covered, running from Sociology and its relationship with other social sciences through to Indian Cultural Heritage. The chapter table on this page lists every lesson with its code and key topics. Samples shown here are drawn from the opening lesson, marriage and the caste system, while the full booklet spans the entire course.
Can I get the NIOS Sociology 331 Objective Type Questions in PDF on WhatsApp?
Yes, the NIOS Sociology 331 Objective Type Questions are delivered conveniently once you contact us on WhatsApp. Simply send a message saying you need the Sociology 331 objective booklet for 2026, and our team replies with the format details, pricing and delivery. Sharing over WhatsApp keeps the process quick and lets you ask any doubt about the material directly.
Do these Sociology 331 objective questions cover both theory and Indian society topics?
Yes, these Sociology 331 objective questions span the full range of the course. You get conceptual items from the early lessons on methods and social institutions, alongside questions on Indian society such as caste, religion, social problems and culture. This balance mirrors the real paper, where both basic theory and Indian society topics carry weight in the objective section.
Disclaimer: Unnati Educations is an independent academic support platform and is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or officially connected to the National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS). All study material is prepared for learning and revision assistance only. Learners should always confirm the current syllabus and examination pattern on the official NIOS portal.
Sources and references: Questions prepared from the NIOS Sociology (331) senior secondary textbooks and analysis of previous year question papers. Syllabus and examination details verified against the official NIOS website at nios.ac.in. Booklet edition updated for 2026.
