NIOS Class 12 Practical Files & Experiments (Lab Guide 2025)
Most NIOS Class 12 students mess up practicals — not because they’re hard, but because they underestimate them. Practical exams carry high weightage, and a poorly prepared file will tank your score instantly. If you follow the wrong format, skip experiments, or copy incomplete material, the examiner will cut marks without hesitation.
This guide explains exactly what you need, the correct format, and where to find complete solved files.
1. Subjects That Require Practical Files in NIOS Class 12
Practical files are mandatory for the following Class 12 subjects:
Physics (312)
Chemistry (313)
Biology (314)
Geography (316)
Home Science (321)
Computer Science (330)
Painting (332)
Environmental Science (333)
Library & Information Science (339)
Physical Education & Yoga (373)
Mass Communication (335)
Web Designing & Development (622)
Early Childhood Care & Education
Yoga Assistant
Direct Links to Solved Practical Files (Internal Linking)
These ready-made files follow the correct NIOS pattern:
Physics 312 – https://www.unnatieducations.com/nios/NIOS-Class-12-Physics-312-solved-practical-File
Chemistry 313 – https://www.unnatieducations.com/nios/NIOS-Class-12-Chemistry-313-solved-practical-file
Biology 314 – https://www.unnatieducations.com/nios/NIOS-Class-12-Biology-314-Solved-Practical-File
Geography 316 – https://www.unnatieducations.com/nios/NIOS-Class-12-Geography-316-Solved-Practical-File
Home Science 321 – https://www.unnatieducations.com/nios/NIOS-Class-12-Home-Science-321-Solved-Practical-File
Computer Science 330 – https://www.unnatieducations.com/nios/NIOS-Class-12-Computer-Science-330-Solved-Practical-File
Painting 332 – https://www.unnatieducations.com/nios/NIOS-Class-12-Painting-332-Solved-Practical-File
Environmental Science 333 – https://www.unnatieducations.com/nios/NIOS-Class-12-Environment-Science-333-Solved-Practical-File
Library Science 339 – https://www.unnatieducations.com/nios/NIOS-Class-12-Library-and-Information-Science-339-Solved-Practical-File
Physical Education & Yoga (373) – https://www.unnatieducations.com/nios/NIOS-Class-12-Physical-and-Yog-373-Solved-Practical-File
Mass Communication – https://www.unnatieducations.com/nios/NIOS-Class-12-Mass-Communication-Solved-Practical-File
Web Designing (622) – https://www.unnatieducations.com/nios/NIOS-Class-12-Web-Designing-&-Web-Development-622-Practical-File
Yoga Assistant – https://www.unnatieducations.com/nios/NIOS-Class-12-Yog-Assistant-Solved-practical-file
If you’re in the science stream, these three (Physics + Chemistry + Biology) are non-negotiable. Mess them up and your overall percentage drops.
2. Correct Format of NIOS Class 12 Practical File
This is where most students lose marks. NIOS examiners follow a standard format, and you must match it.
Required Practical File Structure
A. Cover Page
Student Name
Enrollment Number
Subject Name
Course Code
A.I. Centre
Year/Session
B. Index Page
Experiment Number
Title (Aim)
Page Number
C. Experiment Format (Compulsory)
Every experiment must include:
Aim
Materials/Equipment Required
Theory (this carries most marks — students usually skip or shorten it)
Procedure
Observations
Result
Precautions
If your file misses “Theory,” “Observation,” or “Precautions,” expect instant deductions.
3. What Actually Happens in the Practical Exam
Here’s the reality — not the sugarcoated version:
Your practical file is checked and signed on the spot.
You may be asked to perform 1–2 experiments.
You will face a short viva.
Attendance is compulsory; absence = fail.
Incomplete file = heavy mark cuts.
If you only copy the solved file without understanding the theory, the viva will expose you quickly.
4. Lab Manuals for Reference
If you prefer preparing your own file, use the official Class 12 NIOS Lab Manuals:
Class 12 Lab Manual – https://www.unnatieducations.com/nios/NIOS-Lab-Manual-Class-12th
These are helpful, but time-consuming. Most students use solved files to avoid mistakes.
5. Additional Internal Resources for Scoring Well
Class 12 Study Material
Syllabus (Highly Important Before Exams)
Maths – https://www.unnatieducations.com/nios/NIOS-Maths-Syllabus-Class-12
Physics – https://www.unnatieducations.com/nios/NIOS-Physics-Syllabus-Class-12th
Chemistry – https://www.unnatieducations.com/nios/NIOS-Chemistry-Syllabus-Class-12
Important Questions (High Marks Booster)
Physics – https://www.unnatieducations.com/nios/NIOS-Class-12-Physics-Important-Questions-312
Maths – https://www.unnatieducations.com/nios/NIOS-Class-12-Maths-Important-Questions-2025
Chemistry – https://www.unnatieducations.com/nios/NIOS-Class-12-Chemistry-Important-Questions-2025
6. Final Advice (Straightforward and Honest)
Don’t prepare practical files at the last minute. Examiners easily recognize rushed handwriting.
Using solved files is fine — as long as you understand the basics.
Theory matters more than decoration.
Missing or badly written experiments = instant mark loss.
Viva preparation is essential. Read the theory section of each experiment twice.
